Giardiasis. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Giardiasis. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Giardiasis - this disease affects the digestive tract (duodenum and upper small intestine), in which the protozoan organisms - giardia parasitize. Pathogens enter the child's oral cavity through drinking water, dirty hands, unwashed vegetables and fruits. Giardia secrete toxic substances that lead to the development of chronic intoxication, as well as mechanical irritation of the intestine.

Giardiasis is most common in children aged 5-10 years. The disease can cause serious complications: a decrease in the body weight of a child, a slowdown in its growth, a decrease in immunity, the development of anemia of various degrees of severity, the appearance of infectious diseases, and even an abscess (suppuration) of the intestinal mucosa or liver.

To establish the diagnosis, the child must pass the feces for analysis. Sometimes duodenal sounding is performed.

Treatment is prescribed only by a doctor. Doses of drugs depend on the age and weight of the child. The duration of treatment is also chosen by the doctor, because there are different treatment regimens.

For example: taking medicines - 5 days, a break - 5 days, the second course of treatment - 5 days. It is also necessary to normalize the motility of the biliary tract and the microflora of the large intestine, therefore Giardiasis cannot be treated on its own.

The development of the disease can be acute, subacute and chronic.

Symptoms of the disease

The acute course resembles acute gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and small intestine). This is the appearance of frequent yellow, watery, frothy stools with a sour smell, 5-8 times a day.

In the subacute and chronic course of the disease, its manifestations are associated with dyskinesia (dysmotility) of the biliary tract. Characterized by pain in the abdomen without a clear localization. Most children point to the umbilical region, as well as the right hypochondrium. The pain may be paroxysmal, aching.

Dyspeptic syndrome is characterized by persistent nausea, loss of appetite or its absence, and sometimes vomiting.

Intoxication syndrome is manifested by pallor of the skin, cyanosis under the eyes, icterus around the mouth, headache, fatigue, irritability, emotional lability, general weakness.

Emergency care is not required, except in nursing infants who develop similar symptoms.

When to see a doctor

If a child has loose, watery stools for a day.

If the child is worried about abdominal pain.

What to do before the doctor arrives

1. Provide your child with a sparing diet (steam and boiled vegetables and meat, cereals, jelly, fermented milk products).

2. Give your child mineral water without gas.

3. Give activated charcoal (2-5 tablets depending on age).

Prevention consists in the elementary rules of hygiene: wash your hands before eating, do not eat unwashed fruits and vegetables, etc.

Author: Basharova N.A.

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