Rubella. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Rubella. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Rubella is an infectious disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets along with sneezing, coughing and even breathing.

The pathogen enters the body through the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, then enters the blood, causing damage to the skin, lymph nodes and specific changes in the blood. The most vulnerable to infection are children aged 2 to 9 years.

Rubella is dangerous for its complications. They are manifested by lesions of the nervous system - encephalitis, meningitis. The child has an increase in body temperature up to 39-40°C, there is a severe headache, vomiting, loss of consciousness, convulsions. Recovery in this case slows down and lasts up to 2-3 months.

Rubella is especially dangerous for pregnant women, since a child can be born with developmental anomalies: cataracts, heart defects, deafness, etc. There is not a single system that could remain intact with congenital rubella. To prevent congenital rubella, it is necessary to carry out mandatory revaccination against rubella for girls 12-14 years old, that is, during puberty.

Symptoms of the disease

Mild intoxication in the form of malaise, fatigue, drowsiness, poor health.

Increasing the temperature to 37-37,5°C.

Headache, runny nose, scratchy throat, dry cough.

Red spots on the soft palate, redness of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and conjunctiva (eyes).

Enlarged cervical and occipital lymph nodes.

After 3-4 days, small-spotted, pale pink, quite abundant, almost the same size, with smooth edges of the rash appear. They occur simultaneously during the day on the face, chest, abdomen and extensor surfaces of the limbs.

Young children and adults may develop inflammation of the small joints of the hands, sometimes the ankle and wrist joints.

When to see a doctor

At the first sign of illness, call a doctor from the clinic.

What to do before the doctor arrives

1. Provide bed rest for 3-4 days during the rash.

2. Nutrition should be complete and enriched with vitamins.

3. When the body temperature rises, be sure to use antipyretic drugs.

4. For a debilitating cough, give your child cough medicine.

5. In case of a runny nose, instill vasoconstrictor drops (naphthyzinum) into the nose.

6. Isolate the sick child from others for 7 days.

Author: Basharova N.A.

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