Angina. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Angina. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Angina is an acute inflammatory infectious disease affecting the tonsils of the pharynx. Angina is catarrhal, follicular, lacunar, and also fungal idyphtheria.

Catarrhal angina occurs with a slight temperature, lethargy and mild pain during swallowing, possibly a slight increase in lymph nodes and their soreness. The disease usually does not require the use of antibiotics.

With follicular and lacunar tonsillitis, it is difficult and painful for a child to swallow, he develops chills and high body temperature, headache, general weakness, and lymph nodes increase. Against the background of general intoxication, the child may experience pain in the back and joints.

With follicular angina, on the surface of enlarged and reddened tonsils, yellowish-white dots of a rounded shape can be seen, and with lacunar - whitish plaques. The use of antibiotics allows you to remove inflammation in 3-5 days. Follicular and lacunar tonsillitis cannot be carried on the legs, because it is dangerous for its complications in the heart, joints, kidneys, lungs and lymphatic system.

Fungal angina is caused by yeast-like fungi. Most often it occurs after prolonged or improper use of antibiotics. The symptoms of the disease are the same, there are whitish deposits on the tonsils.

Diphtheria angina is a contagious infectious disease caused by a diphtheria bacillus. It is very dangerous (by suffocation) and requires a mandatory call to the doctor. Against diphtheria, children (if there are no medical contraindications) are given preventive vaccinations.

Symptoms of the disease

The mucous membrane of the palatine tonsils is red, they are enlarged.

With follicular tonsillitis, mucopurulent deposits appear on the tonsils.

High body temperature.

Weakness, lethargy, drowsiness.

Difficulty and pain in swallowing.

When emergency medical attention is needed

The child has a temperature (above 39 ° C), it cannot be brought down with the help of tablets.

The child has difficulty breathing.

A grayish film appeared on the throat (a sign of diphtheria).

When to call a doctor from the clinic

Sore throat lasts more than 3 days.

The child refuses to drink.

Increased temperature.

White spots appeared on the tonsils.

The child's voice has changed.

There was pain when swallowing.

First aid first aid

1. A sick child must be provided with bed rest.

2. Give your child a warm drink: tea with lemon, cranberry juice, rosehip broth.

3. Gargle your child's throat every 30 minutes, alternating gargle solutions:

a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) is done as follows: a few crystals are dissolved in 1/2 cup of water so that the liquid is pink;
furatsilina solution: 1 tablet per glass of water;
food salt solution: 1 teaspoon per glass of boiled water;
infusions of herbs (St. John's wort, chamomile, sage together or separately): in an enamel mug 2 tbsp. spoons of grass pour a glass of hot boiled water, heat in a water bath for 15 minutes, close the lid and leave for 45 minutes at room temperature, strain and dilute with boiled water to the initial volume.

4. If the baby does not know how to gargle, irrigate the throat with a conventional inhaler or spray. Spray medicinal solutions, infusions of herbs at room temperature with a spray bottle several times a day. The child should open his mouth wide, stick out his tongue and breathe slowly. Place the end of the atomizer spray tube as deep as possible into the oral cavity so that the droplets fall as far as possible on the back of the throat, and do not accumulate between the tongue and lips.

5. If the cervical lymph nodes are enlarged, then apply warming compresses or dry heat to the neck. For a compress, use a half-alcohol solution (alcohol mixed with water). For children under 3 years old, alcohol is diluted with water 4 times. The compress is placed for 2-3 hours 2 times a day.

COMPRESS PREPARATION

The compress is made of four layers of gauze, soft cloth or bandage, each layer should be larger in area than the previous one. A piece of cloth soaked in diluted alcohol and wrung out is placed on the submandibular area, it is covered with special compress paper or plastic wrap, and cotton wool, flannel or woolen fabric is placed on top. The compress on the neck is fixed with a scarf or bandage. It is not recommended to leave it on all night. After removing the compress, you can tie a soft warm scarf around your neck, this will keep you warm.

6. If the child has a high temperature and a severe headache or sore throat, give him paracetamol or analgin (you can combine these drugs and alternate them). For children under 3 years - 1/4 tablet, for children from 3 to 10 years - 1/2 tablet, after 10 years - a whole tablet. However, the dosage is better to choose depending on the weight of the child. After taking the pill, the temperature decreases for 3-4 hours.

7. To restore the acid-base balance, it is recommended to give the child slightly warmed mineral water (without gas).

8. Children after 7 years of age can be given special lollipops for sore throats - strepsils, etc.

Author: Basharova N.A.

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