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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection when working in cable signaling wells
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Before the start of work, the administration is obliged to familiarize the workers associated with work in cable signaling wells with this instruction, check their knowledge and constantly monitor compliance with its requirements, as well as provide workers with overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment in accordance with applicable standards and the nature of the work performed . 1.2. Depending on local conditions, the masters of specialized departments should provide for additional measures to ensure the safety of work. 1.3. Work in the wells of cable signaling is allowed for workers at least 18 years old who have been trained and instructed in safety at the workplace. 1.4. To perform work, it is necessary for a link of workers or a team to issue a work permit that determines safe working conditions, indicating the necessary safety measures. The work permit is signed by the chief engineer of the signaling distance and is issued for the period necessary to complete this scope of work. In the event of a break in the production of work for more than a day, the work permit is canceled and a new one is issued upon resumption of work. 1.5. A team of workers must be equipped with a first aid kit. 1.6. Workers must have serviceable tools and equipment necessary for work, safety signals and devices, protective devices. It is forbidden to work with faulty tools and equipment. 1.7. Places of work in traffic conditions must be protected. Wells should be protected as follows:
1.8. When a well is located near tram tracks, it is prohibited to store inventory, equipment and tools at a distance closer than 2 m from the rail. When working near tram tracks, in addition to fences, a signal with the inscription: "quiet running" should be set up 5 m from the place of work. 1.9. When working at an intersection, signs are installed on each side of traffic. 1.10. Work in wells, the hatches of which are located between the tram tracks, is permitted only subject to prior agreement on the termination of traffic with the organization in charge of the operation of the tracks. To illuminate underground viewing devices, portable rechargeable lamps with a voltage of no higher than 12 V should be used. 2. Provision of inventory 2.1. To work in cable signaling wells, the link of workers must be provided with the following inventory:
3. Safety requirements before descending into wells and during work 3.1. It is strictly forbidden to open the manhole covers of chambers and wells in underground structures and descend into them without the permission of the foreman or other leader. 3.2. To lift the hatch of the well, use crowbars with a special tip and a hook. The tip and hook must be made of non-ferrous metal to prevent sparking. Do not open the cover with your hands. The removed cover should be laid from the well in the direction of traffic. 3.3. Until it is established that there are no explosive gases in the underground viewing devices, it is forbidden to approach the hatch and allow passers-by with an open fire (burning match, cigarette, etc.). 3.4. After opening the hatch, before descending workers into underground structures, the air must be examined for the presence of hazardous gases in it. If they are present, the descent of workers into underground structures is prohibited. 3.5. After making sure with the help of gas analyzers that there is no explosive gas of methane and gasoline vapors, it is necessary to check if there is carbon dioxide in the well. When using gas analyzers, it is necessary to be guided by the instructions for their operation. The presence of carbon dioxide is determined by a gasoline lamp (LBVK). A lit petrol lamp is lowered into the well. In the presence of carbon dioxide, the flame goes out, in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and methane it decreases, and in the presence of gasoline and ether vapors it increases. 3.6. Detected gases are removed and then checked to see if the gas has been completely removed. It is strictly forbidden to determine the presence of gas by smell or by lowering burning objects into the well or chamber. 3.7. To remove gas, use:
3.8. It is strictly forbidden to remove gas by burning. 3.9. Hand fans used for ventilation should provide a full volume of air in open wells for 10-15 minutes. The fan hose lowered into the well should not reach the bottom of the well by 20-25 cm. 3.10. if the gas cannot be completely removed from the underground structure, then it is allowed to lower the worker into the well only in an insulating gas mask of the PSh-1 brand with a hose that goes to the surface (2 m away from the manhole). In this case, the foreman or foreman should supervise the worker in the well and the hose. 3.11. Descent of a worker into wells, collectors and pits and work in them without a burning gasoline lamp is prohibited. If the safety petrol lamp goes out, the worker must immediately rise to the surface of the earth. It is strictly forbidden to light an extinguished lamp in the well. 3.12. It is allowed to work in an underground structure in an insulating gas mask for no more than 10 minutes. Each of the three workers, after working 10 minutes in the well, the next 20 minutes must be in the air. 3.13. Regardless of the result of the initial check of the well for the presence of gas, a further check should be made every hour. 3.14. It is forbidden to perform operations in a well that is not cleaned of gas, in which sparks may form. 3.15. Work in the collectors should be carried out by a team consisting of five workers: one worker in the collector, one observer in the wells between which he is located, and one worker on the surface of these wells to maintain communication with the workers in the collector and provide assistance in case of need. 3.16. Observers in the wells must be equipped with insulating gas masks with hoses, a worker in the collector - with a hose gas mask, a rechargeable flashlight, the voltage of which is 12 V, and a gasoline lamp. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. In all cases of gas poisoning, before the arrival of a doctor, it is necessary:
5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. The worker is obliged:
application Requirements for using a gas mask 1. A hose gas mask is used to protect the respiratory system when there is a lack of oxygen in the well or the presence of harmful gases. 2. Before using a gas mask, the master or foreman is obliged to check the serviceability of the mask, hose and corrugated tube. The gas mask is in good condition if it is impossible to breathe in the mask when the end of the corrugated tube or hose is clamped. If you can breathe, then the gas mask is considered faulty. 3. While working in a gas mask, it is necessary to ensure that the end of the hose is in the air zone; and the entire hose is not broken, twisted or pinched. Characteristics of explosive and poisonous gases found in underground structures 1. Methane gas, or swamp gas, penetrates the wells from the soil, forming during the slow decomposition of plant matter without air access. Methane is the main part of industrial gas and can enter wells if the pipeline fails. When the content of methane in the air is from 5 to 15%, it is explosive. 2. Carbon monoxide is part of the mixed gas and, if the gas pipeline is damaged, it can get into the well. Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas, colorless and odorless (its maximum permissible concentration in the air is 0,02 mg/l). When the content in the air is from 4 to 75% carbon monoxide, the mixture becomes explosive. Inhalation of air containing carbon monoxide above the permissible concentration can lead to poisoning and, if the victim is not promptly treated, to death. 3. Carbon dioxide penetrates into underground structures from the soil as a result of the decomposition of organic matter. It is a colorless, odorless gas. Carbon dioxide is heavier than air, therefore, when it enters the well, it displaces air, filling the space of the well from the bottom. With a large amount of carbon dioxide in the well, the gasoline lamp (LBVK), placed on its bottom, goes out.
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