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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instruction on labor protection for an electromechanic of telephone and telegraph communications (measurement, linear technical section)
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have been recognized fit for production by a medical examination, have at least one year of work experience in the indicated jobs and an electrical safety group of at least III, have been trained and tested knowledge of the rules, norms and instructions on labor protection, including this instruction, and also have a certificate for the right to perform these works, have received instructions at the workplace on safety during the performance of work. 1.2. The communications electrician must: 1.2.1. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations; 1.2.2. Know the device of a megaometer, current clamps, voltmeter, portable voltage transformers, malfunctions of these devices and ways to eliminate them; 1.2.3. Know and comply with the rules on labor protection when working at telephone enterprises in the scope of the duties performed, annually confirm the III electrical safety group; 1.2.4. Know the procedure for checking and using manual mechanical and power tools, devices to ensure safe work (ladders, ladders, etc.), protective equipment (dielectric gloves and carpets, tools with insulating handles, voltage indicators, safety glasses); 1.2.5. Perform only the work that is defined in the operating instructions for the equipment or job descriptions approved by the administration of the enterprise, and provided that safe methods of doing it are well known; 1.2.6. In electrical installations, it is necessary to check the absence of voltage with a voltage indicator, the serviceability of which must be established before use using special devices designed for this purpose. 1.2.7. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of electric current and other accidents; 1.2.8. Follow the instructions on fire safety measures. 1.3. When carrying out measurements on the current-carrying parts of telecommunication lines, the following hazardous and harmful production factors are possible:
1.4. The victim or eyewitness immediately notifies the immediate supervisor of each accident at work. 1.5. The electrician is responsible for the preparation of the workplace, including, but not limited to, carrying out work without de-energizing. 1.6. For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the internal labor regulations or penalties determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on and carefully tuck in special clothing (dressing gown) and technological footwear (slippers) established in accordance with current standards, avoiding hanging ends and constraint when moving. 2.2. Check and verify the availability and serviceability of the fixed tool, measuring instruments, devices to ensure safe work performance, personal protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment. 2.3. Check the condition of general and ordinary lighting. 2.4. Do not carry out any work on the repair of fixtures, equipment, etc., if this is not part of the employee's responsibilities. 2.5. Report all shortcomings and malfunctions found during the inspection at the workplace to the shift supervisor for taking measures to eliminate them completely. 2.6. Place the tool in the workplace with maximum ease of use, avoiding the presence of unnecessary items in the work area. 2.7. Check the availability of a first aid kit. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. Work only in serviceable and carefully fitted overalls and special equipment. shoes and use personal protective equipment required at the workplace in accordance with current regulations. 3.2. When working with a megaometer, it is prohibited to touch the current-carrying parts to which it is connected. After completion of work, it is necessary to remove the residual charge from the equipment under test by means of its short-term grounding. 3.3. It is necessary to install the stepladder firmly, checking its stability before lifting. Ladders with a height of 1,3 m or more must be equipped with a stop. The use of metal ladders in the production of measurements is prohibited. 3.4. It is forbidden to work from the top two steps of stepladders that do not have railings or stops, as well as to be on the steps by more than one person. 3.5. When measuring with electrical clamps, clamps with an ammeter installed on their working part should be used. 3.6. The measurement should be made in dielectric gloves, galoshes, glasses. Measurement on tires should be carried out from the floor, special scaffolds, stepladders. 3.7. Connection and disconnection of measuring instruments that require a break in the electrical circuit must be carried out with complete removal of the voltage. 3.8. Voltmeters, portable voltage transformers are allowed to be connected and disconnected under voltage, subject to the rules. 3.9. When working with a voltage transformer, the entire low voltage circuit must first be assembled, and then the transformer must be connected on the high voltage side. Perform work in dielectric gloves and galoshes or standing on an insulating stand. 3.10. Wires for connecting portable devices must be single-core and multi-wire with insulation corresponding to the mains voltage and a cross section of at least 2,5 mm2. 3.11. Equipment racks that have voltages greater than 42 V AC and 110 V DC should be provided with dielectric mats. 3.12. All enclosures and covers of equipment that cover 42 VAC contacts must display the electrical voltage symbol to alert service personnel to the danger of electrical shock. 3.13. Metal cases of measuring devices and casings of transformers must be grounded. 3.14. Elimination of damage and repairs on the equipment must be carried out when the voltage is completely removed from the equipment. 3.15. Measuring circuits should be assembled with the voltage removed. 3.16. The portable power tool used (soldering iron, step-down transformer) must be tested and have an inventory number, systematically and timely checked and repaired. 3.17. During an external examination of power tools and appliances, it is necessary to pay attention to the integrity of the insulation of the wires, the absence of bare current-carrying parts. 3.18. Checking for the absence of a short circuit to the case and the condition of the insulation must be carried out by a specially appointed person at least once every 1 months. 3.19. The passage between the front side of the power distribution equipment must be at least 1,2 m. There must be no foreign objects in the passage. 3.20. Dielectric mats should be placed on the side of opening doors of power cabinets and near the switchboard. 3.21. The length of the hose wire for connecting the step-down transformer to the network must not exceed 2 m. 3.22. Cases of portable household and measuring instruments, step-down transformers, displays and printers for a voltage of 220 V must be grounded. 3.23. For soldering, use electric soldering irons with a voltage not higher than 42 V. 3.24. It is necessary to use backlights for 60 V DC and not higher than 42 V AC, provided that the body of the backlight is made of insulating material and has a protective screen. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. Each employee who discovers violations of the requirements of this instruction and labor protection rules or notices a malfunction of the equipment that poses a danger to people is obliged to report this to the immediate supervisor. In cases where a malfunction of the equipment poses a threatening danger to people or the equipment itself, the employee who discovered it is obliged to take measures to terminate the operation of the equipment, and then notify the immediate supervisor about this. Troubleshooting is carried out in compliance with safety requirements. 4.2. If an accident occurs during work, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to your immediate supervisor and take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not associated with a danger to life and health of people. 4.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to release the victim from the action of the current as soon as possible, in case of working at height, take measures to prevent him from falling. Switch off the equipment using switches, a plug-in connector, cut the supply wire with a tool with insulated handles. If it is impossible to turn off the equipment quickly enough, other measures must be taken to free the victim from the action of the current. To separate the victim from current-carrying parts or wires, use a stick, board or some other dry object that does not conduct electricity, while the caregiver must stand on a dry, non-conductive place, or wear dielectric gloves. 4.4. If a fire occurs in a technical room, you should immediately start extinguishing it with the available means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, sand) and call the fire department. 4.5. If extraneous voltage is detected at the workplace, it is necessary to immediately stop work and report to the shift supervisor. 4.6. In the event of a power failure while working with a power tool or a break in work, the power tool must be "Unplugged". 4.7. If you detect a smell of gas, you must immediately call the emergency gas service, inform the management of the enterprise, organize the evacuation of personnel from the ATS building, do not turn on or turn off the current collectors, and ensure natural ventilation of the room. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. It is necessary to tidy up the workplace, tools and fixtures. 5.2. Inform the shifter (shift supervisor) of all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them 5.3. Overalls (robe and slippers) must be removed in a specially designated place. 5.4. Wash your face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, rinse your mouth well. In the case of performing work related to soldering with alloys containing lead, it is imperative to neutralize lead with a 1% solution of acetic acid or OP-7 paste before washing hands.
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