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Labor protection instruction for gantry crane operator

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. To independent work and maintenance of a gantry crane, persons are allowed at least 18 years old, who do not have contraindications for health reasons, who have passed:

• induction training;
• fire safety briefing;
• initial briefing at the workplace;
• electrical safety training in the workplace.

To perform the duties of a gantry crane driver, persons who have a certificate for the right to operate a crane of this type and who do not have medical contraindications for this profession are allowed. Training and certification of crane operators should be carried out in vocational schools (training centers) that have a base for theoretical and industrial training and have a license from the Central Organ of the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation.

Admission to independent work must be issued by order of the enterprise.

1.2. The driver must pass:

• repeated briefing on labor safety at the workplace at least every three months;
• unscheduled briefing: when changing the technological process or labor protection rules, replacing or upgrading a truck crane, fixtures and tools, changing working conditions and organization, in case of violations of labor protection instructions, interruptions in work for more than 60 calendar days (for work, to which are subject to increased security requirements - 30 calendar days);
• dispensary medical examination according to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 90 dated March 14.03.96, XNUMX.

Re-testing the knowledge of drivers and their assistants is carried out by the qualification commission of the enterprise:

• periodically at least once every 12 months;
• upon transfer of said persons from one enterprise to another;
• at the request of the person responsible for the supervision of cranes at the enterprise or the inspector of Gosgortekhnadzor.

Re-testing knowledge should be carried out in the scope of this manual and the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane.

1.3. The gantry crane operator must:

• know this manual and the manufacturer's instructions for installation and operation;
• know the device of the crane, its mechanisms and safety devices;
• know the established procedure for exchanging signals with the slinger;
• know the safe ways of slinging cargo;
• be able to determine the suitability for work of ropes and removable load-handling devices;
• know the requirements for crane runways;
• know the methods of release from the action of electric current;
• know the persons responsible for the good condition of the crane and for the safe performance of work on the safe movement of goods by cranes.

1.4. The gantry crane operator must:

• comply with the internal labor regulations established at the enterprise;
• comply with the requirements of this manual, fire safety instructions, electrical safety instructions;
• comply with the requirements for the operation of a gantry crane;
• use for its intended purpose and take care of the issued personal protective equipment.

When working on a crane, the driver must have a certificate for the right to operate a crane of this type.

1.5. The driver must know and follow the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, rest only in specially designated areas and places. Drink water only from specially designed installations.

1.6. If a gantry crane malfunctions, fixtures, tools, or other shortcomings or hazards are found in the workplace, immediately stop the crane. Only after the elimination of the noticed shortcomings, continue work on the crane.

1.7. If a fire is detected or in the event of a fire:

• stop the tap, turn off the ignition;
• start extinguishing with the available initial fire extinguishing means in accordance with the fire safety instructions. In case of a threat to life - leave the crane.

1.8. In case of an accident, provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, immediately report the incident to the immediate supervisor, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (accident), if this does not create a danger to others.

1.9. For non-compliance with the safety requirements set forth in this manual, the driver is liable in accordance with applicable law.

1.10. In accordance with the "Norms for the free issuance of personal protective equipment", a truck crane operator must use the following PPE: cotton semi-overalls (wear period 12 months), combined gloves (wear period 3 months); in winter, in addition, a jacket with an insulating lining, cotton trousers with an insulating lining, felt boots.

1.11. The main dangerous and harmful production factors are:

• moving and rotating parts and components of the crane;
• work at height;
• falling of loads during lifting and unloading operations and their transportation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Make sure that it is in good condition and put on serviceable clothes, fastening it with all buttons, put your hair under a headdress.

2.2. By external inspection, make sure that all mechanisms, metal structures and other parts of the crane are in good condition, as well as that the crane runways are in good condition:

• inspect the crane mechanisms, their fastening and brakes;
• check the serviceability of the fences;
• check the serviceability of the rail grips;
• check the lubrication of mechanisms, ropes;
• inspect metal structures in accessible places, the condition of the ropes and their fastening;
• inspect the hook and its fastening in the cage;
• inspect crane runways and limit switches, stops;
• inspect the flexible current-carrying cable;
• check safety devices;
• check crane lighting;
• check the presence of a seal and a lock on the panel;
• check the presence of passages (at least 700 mm wide) between the crane and the protruding parts of the building under construction.

2.3. The driver is obliged, together with the slingers, to check the serviceability of removable lifting devices and the presence of stamps or tags on them indicating the load capacity, test date and number.

2.4. After inspecting the crane before putting it into operation, the driver, after making sure that the required approach dimensions are observed, is obliged to check all the mechanisms at idle and the serviceability of the actions: crane mechanisms and electrical equipment, safety devices and devices, brakes.

2.5. If, during the inspection and verification of the crane, faults and shortcomings in its condition that impede safe operation are detected, and if it is impossible to eliminate them on their own, the driver, without starting work, must inform the person responsible for the good condition of the crane and notify the person responsible for carrying out work on the movement of goods by cranes.

2.6. The operator should not start working on the crane in the presence of the following faults:

• cracks or deformations in the metal structures of the crane;
• cracks in the elements of the boom suspension (earrings, rods, etc.), the absence of cotter pins and previously existing clamps in the places where the ropes are fastened or loose fastening;
• the number of breaks in the wires of the cargo rope or surface wear in excess of the established norm, a broken strand or local damage;
• a defect in the lifting mechanism that threatens the safety of work;
• damage to parts of the brake mechanisms for lifting loads;
• wear of hooks in the throat, exceeding 10 percent of the original height of the section; the device that closes the mouth of the hook is faulty, the fastening of the hook in the clip is broken;
• defective or missing signaling device;
• there is no fencing of mechanisms and unprotected parts of electrical equipment.

2.7. Before starting work, the crane operator must make sure that the workplace is sufficiently illuminated:

• get acquainted with the project of production of works;
• devices and safety devices available on the crane;
• check the condition of the site;
• make sure that the slingers have certificates.

2.8. When accepting a crane, the driver must make an appropriate entry about the results of acceptance in the logbook, and after receiving the task from the person responsible for the safe production of work on moving goods by cranes, proceed to work in accordance with the order received.

2.9. Before starting work, the driver must check that the slinger has a certificate for the right to work, if the slinger starts working with cranes for the first time. If workers who do not have a slinger's certificate are allocated for the production of slinging goods, then the driver should not start working on moving goods.

2.10. Before starting work with a crane, the operator is obliged to make sure that the working platform is sufficiently illuminated in the area of ​​​​the crane. In case of insufficient lighting, heavy snowfall or fog, the driver must notify the foreman or foreman.

2.11. Having made the acceptance of the crane, the driver makes a record of the results of acceptance in the logbook and gets to work.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. During the operation of the crane mechanisms, the driver should not be distracted from his direct duties, as well as clean, lubricate and repair the mechanisms.

3.2. When operating the crane, the crane operator must be guided by the requirements of this manual and the manufacturer's instructions.

3.3. The driver must make sure that there are no unauthorized persons in the crane operation area.

3.4. During the operation of the crane, the driver must ensure that the slinger does not pull the load when it is lifted, moved and lowered, does not adjust the slings in the air.

3.5. The driver must not allow unauthorized persons to the crane, but transfer control of the crane to someone without the permission of the person responsible for the good condition.

3.6. If there is a trainee on the crane, both the driver and the trainee do not have the right to leave the cab even for a short time without warning each other. When the driver is absent, the trainee is prohibited from independently operating the crane. When the driver leaves the crane, he must de-energize it, lock the cab door and strengthen the crane with anti-theft grips.

3.7. In the event of a sudden power failure of the crane or its stop for other reasons, the driver must set the handwheels or controller handles to the zero position and turn off the switch in the cab. If in this case the load remains suspended, the driver is obliged, through the slingers, to call the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes and, in his presence, lower the load by manually releasing the brakes.

3.8. The driver is obliged to stop the crane at the "Stop" command, no matter who gives this signal.

3.9. It is possible to combine operations with a crane only in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

3.10. The operator must switch on and stop the crane mechanisms smoothly, without jerks.

3.11. The approach of the crane to the limit switches should be carried out only at a reduced speed, the use of limit switches as working bodies for disconnecting electrical equipment is not allowed.

3.12. The driver is prohibited from working with faulty safety devices.

3.13. If it is necessary to move cargo over the floors, under which industrial, residential or office premises are located, where people are located, the driver can start work only after a written order from the management, familiarize himself with the measures for the safe transportation of goods and perform work under the direct supervision of engineering and technical personnel.

3.14. It is not allowed to lift, lower and move the load while people are under the load.

3.15. When lifting and moving cargo, the driver must:

• lift and move the load on the signals of the slinger or signalman;
• when loading and unloading motor vehicles and trailers for them, railway platforms and gondola cars, the operation of the crane is allowed only in the absence of people on the vehicles, which the driver must first verify;
• install the hook of the lifting mechanism above the load so that when lifting the load, the oblique position of the load rope is excluded;
• when lifting a load with a mass close to the permitted carrying capacity, it is necessary to first lift the load by 200-300 mm to make sure the crane is stable;
• loads moved horizontally should be raised 1 m above the objects encountered on the way;
• stowage and unloading of cargo should be carried out evenly, without violating the dimensions established for warehousing cargo and without blocking the aisles;
• lift and move small-piece cargoes in a special container.

3.16. If the driver leaves, he is obliged to stop the engine that sets the crane mechanisms in motion, remove the ignition key. Do not enter or leave the cab while the travel, rotation, or lift mechanisms are in operation.

3.17. Before making any movement with the crane, the driver must make sure that his assistant and trainee are in safe places, and there are no strangers in the crane operation area.

3.18. It is necessary to install the hook above the load in such a way that the oblique tension of the cable is excluded.

3.19. When lifting the load, it is necessary to raise it to a height of 200-300 mm to make sure that the slinging is correct, the crane is stable and the brakes are working properly.

3.20. When lifting a load, the distance between the hook cage and the blocks on the boom must be at least 500 mm

3.21. The driver must work with a crane only at the signal of the slinger. If the slinger gives a signal, acting contrary to the instructions, then the operator must not perform the required crane maneuver. For damage caused by the actions of the crane due to the execution of an incorrectly given signal, both the driver and the slinger who gave the wrong signal are responsible. The exchange of signals between the slinger and the driver must be carried out according to the procedure established by the enterprise. The driver is obliged to carry out the signal "STOP" regardless of who gives it.

3.22. Before starting to lift the load, determine the crane capacity for each boom reach using the index. Before lifting the load, warn the slinger and all persons near the crane about the need to leave the area of ​​the load being lifted and the possible lowering of the boom. The movement of the load can be made only in the absence of people in the area of ​​the crane.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If during work the slinger touches the live parts of electrical equipment, the crane operator must first of all take measures to release it from the current, observing personal precautions.

4.2. If an accident or an accident occurs during the operation of the crane, the driver is obliged to immediately notify the person responsible for the safe performance of work on the movement of goods by cranes, as well as the person responsible for the good condition of the crane; provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (accident) if this does not create a danger to others.

4.3. In the event of a fire on the crane, the driver is obliged to immediately stop the operation of the crane and proceed to extinguish it with primary fire extinguishing equipment.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. After the end of the work of the crane, the driver is obliged to set the hook to the position determined by the manufacturer's instructions for the installation and operation of the crane.

5.2. Put the crane in the intended place, slow it down.

5.3. Switch off the switch in the cabin (the switch in front of the flexible cable must be switched off and locked).

5.4. In case of noticed malfunctions in the operation of the crane, it is necessary to draw up an application for current repairs with a list of malfunctions to be eliminated and transfer it to the person responsible for the good condition of the crane.

5.5. Remove and put special clothes in the closet, wash hands and face with soap and water, take a shower. Do not use chemicals for washing.

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