Free technical library

Instructions on labor protection during loading, transportation, unloading and storage of explosive and flammable substances and materials. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

 Comments on the article

Safe Operation

General labor protection requirements

1. To work on loading, transportation, unloading, storage and release of explosive and fire hazardous cargoes, men are allowed not younger than 21 years old, who have passed a medical examination to determine the compliance of their condition with the requirements for the work performed, who have completed a training course in the relevant program and who have a certificate for the right to perform this work.

2. Newly arriving workers can only be allowed to work after they have passed an introductory briefing on labor safety, fire safety, environmental requirements and initial briefing at the workplace, which must be recorded in the relevant introductory briefing registration logs and at the workplace with mandatory the signature of the instructed and instructing. Workers are allowed to work independently only if they have a certificate of verification of knowledge on labor protection.

3. Workers must receive re-briefing at least once every 3 months.

4. Workers' knowledge of safe labor methods must be checked by a permanent examination commission of an enterprise or organization at least once every 12 months. The results of the check are drawn up in the minutes of the commission, and a corresponding mark is made in the certificate and personal card.

If a worker receives an unsatisfactory grade during the test of labor safety knowledge, he is not allowed to work independently until a re-test after one month.

5. In case of violation of work safety requirements by workers, which can lead or have led to injury, accident, fire, explosion or poisoning, when working conditions, materials, tools change, when new or revised rules, instructions, labor protection standards are put into effect, changes and additions to them, during breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days, as well as at the request of the supervisory authorities, an unscheduled briefing is carried out.

6. When performing work in dangerous and especially dangerous conditions, as well as other unusual work not related to the direct duties of the worker, a targeted briefing is carried out and a work permit is issued (GOST 12.0.004-90).

7. About the repeated and unscheduled briefing, a corresponding entry is made in the briefing registration log at the workplace with the obligatory signature of the instructed and instructing.

When registering an unscheduled briefing, the reason that caused it to be held is indicated.

Target briefing is recorded in the work permit, allowing the performance of work.

8. A worker who has received instruction and has shown unsatisfactory knowledge is not allowed to work. He must re-instruct. The knowledge gained during the briefing is checked by the employee who conducted the briefing.

9. Workers involved in loading, unloading, transportation and storage of explosive and flammable substances and materials must be aware of their properties and fire safety measures.

10. Combustible and non-combustible substances and materials that have properties, the manifestation of which can lead to an explosion, fire, death, injury, poisoning, illness of people, damage to structures, vehicles, are classified as hazardous.

11. Work with flammable (flammable liquids) and combustible (LF) liquids, flammable (GH) gases and other fire-hazardous substances and materials must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the labor protection instruction developed on the basis of this Standard Instruction.

12. Hazardous substances and materials must be stored taking into account their flammable physical and chemical properties (the ability to oxidize, self-heat and ignite when exposed to moisture, contact with air, mixing with other substances). During the combustion of substances and materials with a lack of oxygen, toxic combustion products are released, which, as a result of entering the human body, cause acute poisoning. The most dangerous is carbon monoxide. The maximum allowable concentration of carbon monoxide is 20 mg / cu. m.

13. Joint storage of flammable and combustible liquids in a container in one room is allowed if their total amount is not more than 200 cubic meters. m.

14. In storage facilities with manual stacking, barrels with flammable liquids and combustible liquids should be installed on the floor in no more than two rows, with mechanized stacking of barrels with combustible liquids - no more than five, and with flammable liquids - no more than three.

15. The width of the stack should be no more than two barrels. The width of the main aisles for transporting drums should be at least 1,8 m, and between stacks at least 1 m.

16. Open areas for the storage of petroleum products in containers must be fenced with an earthen rampart or non-combustible solid wall at least 0,5 m high with ramps for access to the sites. The sites should rise 0,2 m above the adjacent territory and have ditches for wastewater disposal.

17. Places for loading and unloading explosive and flammable substances and materials must be equipped with:

• special devices that provide safe working conditions in terms of fire (goats, racks, shields, ladders, stretchers, equipment, etc.);
• means of fire extinguishing and liquidation of emergencies;
• serviceable stationary or portable lighting;
• means for moving glass containers (trolleys, special stretchers with nests for containers).

18. Transportation of explosive and inflammable goods should be carried out only by experienced drivers not younger than 21 years old, with at least three years of continuous work as a driver, recognized as fit for this work, who have been instructed in fire safety and labor safety when transporting dangerous goods, on the features of the route, as well as on the properties and allowable volumes of the transported cargo and assigned by order with the fixing of vehicles equipped for these purposes.

19. Vehicles intended for the carriage of explosive and flammable goods must be additionally equipped with:

• exhaust pipe of the muffler, brought out under the front of the car, with the exhaust outlet tilted down and equipped with serviceable spark arresters;
• switches for disconnecting batteries, which can be activated both from the driver's cab and from outside the vehicle;
• casings protecting fuel tanks and cylinders from accidental ingress of the transported substance on them;
• devices that provide reliable grounding from static electricity of vehicles while driving;
• bodies of onboard vehicles must be sheathed inside with metal or other non-combustible material;
• two carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (OU-2 or OU-5);
• two shovels and a box with the necessary supply of sand to extinguish a fire with a volume of 0,5 cubic meters. m;
• felt mat, tarpaulin or asbestos blanket;
• two lanterns with orange glasses with a power source independent of the electrical equipment of the car;
• hazard information tables;
• spare packaging corresponding to the packaging of the transported substance;
• two wheel chocks (shoes) under the wheels;
• sets of personal respiratory and skin protection equipment for the driver and accompanying persons;
• means of providing first aid to victims.

20. Tanks for the transportation of flammable liquids and combustible liquids must be equipped with water-gauge glasses or other devices for monitoring the level of the transported liquid, marked in accordance with the degree of danger of the cargo, and have the date of the last pressure test.

The use of tanks with an expired test period is prohibited.

21. Tank trucks for the transportation of flammable liquids and combustible liquids must have serviceable "breathing" valves that ensure the tightness of the tank within the specified limits. The drain valve of the tank truck must exclude the possibility of leakage of the transported cargo.

22. The bodies of tanks and the bodies of flatbed vehicles permanently intended for the carriage of explosive and flammable substances and materials must be painted in the appropriate colors and have the necessary inscriptions.

23. Explosive and fire hazardous goods that emit flammable, poisonous, caustic, corrosive vapors or gases, become explosive when dried, can dangerously interact with air and moisture, as well as goods with oxidizing properties must be sealed.

24. When transporting liquid dangerous goods, containers must be filled to the norm established by the standards or specifications for these products.

25. Containers for the transportation and storage of flammable liquids and combustible liquids (gasoline, leaded gasoline, kerosene, acetone, solvents, etc.) must have a clear indelible inscription "Flammable" and marked in accordance with GOSTs.

26. Cylinders with poisonous gases and flammable poisonous gases, as well as empty cylinders from these gases, must be transported only in batches or in containers.

27. The outer surface of gas cylinders must be painted in the appropriate color and have inscriptions. The inscriptions on the cylinders are applied along the circumference for a length of at least 1/3 of the circumference, and the stripes - along the entire circumference. The height of the letters on cylinders with a capacity of more than 12 liters must be 60 mm, and the width of the stripe 25 mm. The sizes of inscriptions and stripes on cylinders with a capacity of up to 12 liters should be determined depending on the size of the side surface of the cylinders.

Cylinders can be painted and inscribed with oil, enamel or nitro paints.

Gas cylinders must have the following color and the corresponding inscription:

28. It is prohibited to accept, transport, store and dispense flammable, combustible liquids, compressed and liquefied gases without marking (passport). All materials entering the warehouse must have certificates or passports with the obligatory indication of their chemical composition, features, methods of safe use and storage.

29. In the places of storage of materials on each barrel, can, etc. there must be a tag or sticker with the exact name or designation of these materials.

30. Storage of flammable, combustible liquids, compressed and liquefied gases should be carried out separately in specially equipped warehouses and in rooms.

31. Warehouses and storage facilities must comply with building codes and regulations, fire protection requirements (GOST 12.1.004-85) and environmental protection, and be used for their intended purpose. There should be no foreign objects in warehouses and premises.

The territory of the warehouses must be fenced with a fence made of non-combustible material, equipped, equipped with the necessary warning and prohibition signs and inscriptions. Entry of unauthorized persons to the territory of warehouses is prohibited.

Warehouses must be equipped with lightning rods.

32. During the production of road works, it is allowed, in agreement with the bodies of the State Fire Service, to store flammable and combustible liquids in the field at specially equipped sites, warehouses, in storage facilities only in serviceable, leak-tested containers (tanks, tanks) with hermetic caps that close lock, in an amount not exceeding the 5-day requirement.

33. It is allowed to release explosive and flammable substances and materials from the warehouse only to persons appointed by order of the head of a structural unit or organization, enterprise.

34. Reception and release of fuel must be carried out by the warehouse manager.

35. At enterprises using flammable liquids and liquids (leaded gasoline, methanol, benzene, dichloroethane, acetone, antifreeze, aniline, etc.) and other substances and materials, containers for transportation, separate containers should be allocated and places for storing these substances that meet the requirements of labor protection and fire safety.

36. To extinguish fires in places of storage of explosive and flammable substances, there must be:

• asbestos sheets, coarse-woolen fabrics and felt with a size of 2,0 x 1,5 or 2,0 x 2,0 m at the rate of one sheet per 200 square meters. m of storage area;
• sand boxes with a volume of at least 0,5 cubic meters. m;
• water storage tanks with a volume of at least 0,2 cubic meters. m;
• fire extinguishers (the type of fire extinguisher and their required number are determined by the class of fire of combustible substances and materials, fire extinguishing capacity and storage area of ​​explosive substances and materials);
• means for providing first aid.

37. Warehouses for the storage of explosive and flammable substances and materials must be closed with locks, the keys to which must be kept by responsible persons.

38. Premises for storage of flammable liquids, combustible liquids, compressed and liquefied gases, paints and varnishes must be equipped with permanent and emergency mechanical exhaust ventilation and natural air supply. The hood should be made from the upper and lower zones evenly.

39. Electric lighting of warehouses and premises for storing gas cylinders must meet the requirements for class B-1 premises and be made in an explosion-proof design.

40. When transporting, loading, unloading and storing explosive and flammable substances and materials, it is prohibited to smoke, use matches or other sources of open fire.

41. The worker must inform his immediate supervisor about the observed violations of safety requirements at his workplace, as well as about malfunctions of equipment, devices, tools and personal protective equipment and not start work until the violations and malfunctions are eliminated.

42. Workers involved in the loading, transportation, unloading and storage of explosive and flammable substances and materials must know and be able to provide first aid to victims, as well as observe the rules of personal hygiene. Wash your hands with soap before eating.

For drinking, it is necessary to use water from devices specially designed for this purpose (saturators, drinking tanks, fountains, etc.).

43. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this Instruction, workers are liable in accordance with the internal labor regulations and current legislation.

Safety requirements before starting work

44. Responsible for loading, transporting and unloading explosive and fire hazardous cargoes is obliged to:

• familiarize the workers with the task, properties and volumes of cargo, the place of loading and unloading, fastening rules;
• determine the route of movement;
• check the condition of vehicles, the compliance of their equipment with the goods being transported, the availability of the necessary inventory and tools;
• check the availability and serviceability of fire extinguishing equipment, first aid, personal protective equipment;
• check the conformity, serviceability and cleanliness of the container;
• have the necessary documentation.

45. Workers must wear personal protective equipment appropriate for the work performed: a suit for protection against organic solvents, boots with oil and petrol resistant soles, rubber gloves, goggles for eye protection and, if necessary, an RPG-67A respirator.

Safety requirements during work

46. ​​Containers in which explosive and flammable and flammable substances and materials are transported and stored must be serviceable, reliable and tightly closed.

47. Loading and unloading of cylinders with gases, drums with calcium carbide, containers with paints and varnishes by one worker is prohibited.

48. When loading, transporting and unloading explosive and flammable substances and materials, it is prohibited:

• to be by unauthorized persons in the area of ​​loading and unloading cargo, as well as in the cab and body of the car;
• load gas cylinders into a car and trailers if there is dirt, debris, foreign objects and traces of oils in the body;
• when loading and unloading gas cylinders, drop them, hit each other;
• allow jerks, jerks, sudden braking, as well as the movement of the car with the clutch disengaged when starting off;
• load, store and transport gas cylinders without metal caps that protect the valve from damage and pollution;
• transport together cylinders with oxygen and combustible gases.

49. Used loading and unloading mechanisms and devices must be in good condition.

50. When performing loading and unloading operations with explosive and flammable goods, employees must comply with the requirements of markings and warning labels on packages or containers.

51. When transporting explosive and flammable substances and materials, as well as on each package containing these substances and materials, there must be safety signs.

52. Drivers and machinists waiting for loading or unloading, as well as during loading and unloading operations, should not leave vehicles unattended.

53. It is forbidden to carry out loading and unloading operations with explosive and flammable substances and materials when the car engine is running, as well as during rain, if the substances and materials are capable of spontaneous combustion when interacting with water.

54. When transporting explosive substances and materials, it is prohibited:

• allow sudden braking, shocks;
• transport cylinders with combustible gases without safety shoes.

55. It is prohibited to transport people in specially equipped car bodies after transporting explosive and flammable substances and materials in them without appropriate processing of vehicles.

56. When containerless transportation of cylinders with compressed and liquefied gas by road, it is necessary, in accordance with the Fire Safety Rules of the Russian Federation (PPB-01-93), to comply with the following requirements:

• safety caps must be fully wrapped on cylinders;
• cylinders must be stacked on special racks with a recess along the diameter of the cylinders, upholstered with felt or other soft material;
• when transporting more than one row of cylinders, felt pads must be used for each row to protect them from contact with each other. As gaskets, it is allowed to use a hemp rope with a diameter of at least 25 mm without traces of fats and oils; rubber rings 25 mm thick - at least two per cylinder;
• stack cylinders with valves in one direction and only across the car body; it is allowed to stack cylinders only within the height of the sides (no more than two rows in height);
• cylinders must be protected from sunlight with a tarpaulin, felt mat;
• it is forbidden to transport filled and empty cylinders in the same body.

57. When transporting cylinders in containers, it is allowed to transport filled and empty cylinders in the same body or trailer only in different containers. It is forbidden to install empty and filled cylinders in one container.

58. Cylinders with compressed and liquefied gas must be stored separately in special closed ventilated rooms, isolated from sources of fire, places of electric and gas welding.

59. Gas cylinders should be stored in a vertical position in specially equipped nests, cells, cages, cabinets and other devices that ensure their stability. The gaps between the rows of cylinders must be at least 1 meter.

60. All filled and empty cylinders must have end caps and caps tightly screwed on.

61. It is prohibited to repair gas cylinders by one's own means.

62. When loading, transporting and unloading calcium carbide drums, care must be taken to avoid shocks and shocks. When unloading the drums, it is necessary to roll them down an inclined plane (flooring, sleds) with reliable fastening. Dropping the drums is prohibited, as this may violate their tightness.

63. When transporting drums with calcium carbide should be covered with a tarpaulin. It is forbidden to unload them and store them in damp places.

64. When pouring flammable liquids and combustible liquids into tank trucks, tanks and other metal containers, it is necessary to ground the filling hoses and containers.

65. All operations for pumping, receiving, dispensing, pouring leaded gasoline, dichloroethane, methanol, benzene, acetone, antifreeze and other flammable liquids and liquid liquids must be carried out only mechanically using columns, siphons charged with vacuum, and other devices that must be tested to prevent leakage. Work must be performed by at least two persons.

66. Measurement of the liquid level in containers and sampling must be carried out during daylight hours. At night, it is necessary to use only rechargeable explosion-proof lamps.

67. In mobile tanks or tanks that do not have measuring glasses, the measurement of the amount of flammable liquids and GZH is carried out with a wooden rail through a fitting in the neck cover. It is forbidden to remove the filler cap to determine the remaining fuel.

68. The serviceability of containers filled with explosive and flammable, flammable and toxic substances and materials (leaded gasoline, antifreeze, benzene, dichloroethane, acetone, etc.) should be checked daily. The causes that caused leakage, moistening (sweating) of the surface of the containers should be immediately eliminated. If this is not possible, it is necessary to pour the liquid into a serviceable container, while observing all safety precautions and fire protection.

69. Leaded gasoline, methanol, dichloroethane, acetone, antifreeze and other flammable and combustible liquids and toxic substances should only be released into hermetically sealed, serviceable metal containers, on which there must be a clear inscription of the contents, as well as the inscription: "Flammable", and on the container of leaded gasoline, dichloroethane, methanol and antifreeze, in addition, the inscription: "Poison", as well as the sign established for toxic substances in accordance with GOST 19433-81. Containers filled with dichloroethane, methanol and antifreeze must be sealed.

70. It is forbidden to transport leaded gasoline, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane:

• in glass containers;
• shared by people and food.

After transportation of these substances, the car body and container must be thoroughly cleaned and neutralized.

71. It is forbidden to use tanks, containers from leaded gasoline, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane after any cleaning for transportation and storage of food products.

72. If leaded gasoline spilled onto vehicles, equipment, floors, platforms, boards, etc., the flooded areas must be covered with sand, then cleaned and neutralized.

73. Benzene should be stored in a metal container, serviceable and hermetically sealed, in special rooms provided with supply and exhaust ventilation, or in an open area under a canopy with a metal fence that excludes access by unauthorized persons.

74. Use leaded gasoline, benzene and other substances of this group only for their intended purpose. Using them for other purposes (washing hands, containers, washing parts) is prohibited.

75. Before pouring antifreeze, you need to check the container. The container must be clean: free of rust deposits, residues of oil products, precipitation. The container must be washed with an alkaline solution. The release of antifreeze into containers that do not meet the specified requirements is prohibited.

76. It is prohibited to transport and store empty antifreeze containers not sealed by the store manager (operator).

77. Antifreeze, leaded gasoline should be poured into a container no more than 90% of its capacity.

78. During lightning discharges, all work with explosive and flammable substances and materials (loading, draining, filling, transporting, unloading, transferring, etc.) should be immediately stopped.

79. It is forbidden to spill oil products, as well as store packaging material and containers directly in the warehouse and open areas.

Safety requirements in emergency situations

80. In the event of a fire or signs of burning (smoke, burning smell, temperature rise, etc.), immediately inform the fire brigade (in this case, you must give the address of the object, the place of the fire and give your last name), take, if possible , measures to evacuate people and start extinguishing the fire with local fire extinguishing equipment.

81. Persons working with flammable liquids, flammable liquids and toxic substances and materials who feel unwell, weak, have a headache should immediately stop working, notify their workmates or a responsible person, go out into the fresh air and seek medical assistance.

82. In case of accidental ingestion of hazardous substances (leaded gasoline, methanol, antifreeze, dichloroethane, etc.) into the human body, the victim must be immediately sent to a medical facility.

83. If damaged containers (packaging), spilled or spilled substances are found, immediately remove the damaged container (packaging), clean the floor and remove scattered and spilled explosive and flammable substances.

Safety requirements at the end of work

84. After finishing work, workers must:

• clean vehicles (car, trailer, trolley), equipment and accessories from the remnants of transported goods;
• put the vehicles in the designated place, and remove the equipment and fixtures to the designated place;
• put in order workplaces in warehouses and places of storage of substances and materials;
• wash the front of the respirators in warm soapy water, degas with a 2% solution of boric alcohol and a 0,5% solution of potassium permanganate, wipe and dry;
• change clothes and notify the person in charge of the completion of work.

See other articles Section Occupational Safety and Health

 We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Conduct demonstration experiments in chemistry. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Loader driver, truck loader. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Repair work on RRS equipment. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive Acoustics of Stonehenge 13.11.2010 A group of archaeologists from the University of Salford (England) is studying the famous Bronze Age megalithic monument Stonehenge from the point of view of acoustics. Computer simulations have shown that sound reflections from standing stones should produce interesting acoustic effects. Experiments and measurements carried out on Stonehenge itself and its concrete reconstruction, built in the USA (the monument itself was partially destroyed many centuries ago), confirmed this conclusion. The echo from sharp clicks made in the center of the stone ring lasts 1,2 seconds. Although the structure does not have a ceiling, its acoustics are comparable to a good auditorium or concert hall. The words of the person standing in the center of the ring of stones are clearly audible to all gathered around. Apparently, the builders specially created such an effect for holding religious ceremonies here. It is not for nothing that the outer sides of the stones that make up the monument are only roughly hewn, while the inner side is made even, well reflecting sound. And they say that the wind of certain directions makes the whole Stonehenge hum melodiously.

Other interesting news:

▪ Music server on ARM processor

▪ Samsung SmartThings Wifi Mesh Network System

▪ Part of the brain responsible for nicotine addiction

▪ Poverty and stress remain in the genes

▪ Single-chip system Huawei Kirin 970

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Electricity for beginners. Article selection

▪ article And I, for songs and for a dream, do not need a million. Popular expression

▪ What was India like in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries? Detailed answer

▪ article Seller. Job description

▪ article Simulator of the sound of snare drum springs plus a snare drum of variable volume. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Cube and two handkerchiefs. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages ​​of this page

Arabic	Hebrew	Polish
Bengali	Hindi	Portuguese
Chinese	Italian	Spanish
English	Japanese	Turkish
French	Korean	Ukrainian
German	Malay	Vietnamese

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024