Instruction on labor protection for the installer of prefabricated culverts on highways

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection for the installer of prefabricated culverts on highways. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

General labor protection requirements

1. To work as an installer for the installation of prefabricated culverts on highways, persons are allowed at least 18 years of age, recognized as fit for this work by a medical commission, trained in the relevant program and having a certificate for the right to perform this work,

2. A new assembler for the installation of prefabricated culverts (hereinafter referred to as the "installer") must undergo an introductory briefing on labor safety, environmental requirements, as well as an initial briefing at the workplace, about which appropriate entries must be made in logs with mandatory signatures instructed and instructed.

3. Initial briefing at the workplace is carried out with each installer individually with practical training in safe techniques and methods of work.

4. All installers, after initial briefing at the workplace and testing of knowledge during the first 3-5 shifts (depending on length of service, experience and nature of work), perform work under the supervision of a foreman or foreman, after which they are allowed to work independently. Admission to independent work is fixed by the date and signature of the instructing person in the instruction log at the workplace.

5. Periodic testing of labor safety knowledge of installers should be carried out at least once every 12 months, which is indicated in the certificate.

The results of testing knowledge of safety requirements are documented in the minutes of the commission meeting.

6. Repeated briefing with the installer must be carried out at least every 3 months.

7. When changing the technological process, replacing or upgrading equipment, fixtures, tools, if the installer violates safety requirements that can lead or have led to injury, accident, fire, as well as breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days at the request of supervisory authorities unscheduled training.

8. About the repeated and unscheduled briefing, a corresponding entry is made in the briefing registration log at the workplace with the obligatory signature of the instructed and instructing.

When registering an unscheduled briefing, the reason that caused it to be held is indicated.

9. The knowledge gained during the briefing is checked by the employee who conducted the briefing.

A worker who has received instruction and has shown unsatisfactory knowledge is not allowed to work. He must re-instruct.

10. The installer must have the II qualification group for safety. The qualification group must be confirmed annually in the prescribed manner.

11. When performing work in dangerous and especially dangerous conditions, as well as other unusual work, a targeted briefing is carried out and a work permit is issued (GOST 12.0.004-90).

12. The installer is obliged to comply with the internal labor regulations, as well as the fire safety rules approved by the enterprise. Smoking is allowed only in designated areas.

13. The installer must be provided with overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment, safety devices in accordance with applicable standards and working conditions.

14. The installer must:

know and be able to provide first aid to the victim;
follow the rules of personal hygiene. Wash hands with soap and water before eating or smoking.

15. For drinking, it is necessary to use water from devices specially designed for this purpose (saturators, drinking tanks, fountains, etc.).

16. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instruction developed on the basis of this standard instruction, the installer is liable in accordance with the internal labor regulations and current legislation.

Occupational safety requirements before starting work

17. Before starting work, the installer must:

get acquainted with the project of production of works;
boil the condition of working clothes and other personal protective equipment and devices;
put on overalls, safety shoes and a protective helmet;
get serviceable tools, pick up and check slings, check lifting devices.

18. The following requirements are imposed on lifting devices;

lifting devices must correspond to the weight and nature of the load being lifted;
ropes of slings and traverses must have a stamp or a firmly attached metal tag indicating the number, load capacity and test date;
cargo hooks of cargo handling equipment (slings, traverses) must be equipped with safety devices that prevent spontaneous loss of the lifted load;
slings should not have broken wires, as well as significant wear, kinks, knots, the ends of the cables should be caged;
ropes and chains must be selected so long that the angle between the branches of the sling does not exceed 90 °;
in the hemp ropes used for pulling the load, there should not be frayed or soaked strands.

19. Hand tools must meet the following requirements:

mounting crowbars should have a length of 1-1,2 m with bends of the ends in opposite directions with a radius of 30 cm. One end of the crowbar should be pulled to the cone, and the other - under the paw. The side surface of the crowbar must have a notch;
Hammers and sledgehammers must be firmly and correctly (at right angles) mounted on smoothly machined oval-section handles made of hard dry wood and securely fastened with steel pointed wedges. The length of the hammer handles should be within 300-400 mm, and the length of the sledgehammer handles 450-900 mm, depending on the weight;
percussion instruments (chisels, notches, barbs) must be properly sharpened, have no damage at the working ends, as well as bevels, burrs on the back of the head.

20. Manual electric and pneumatic machines before issuing them must be checked for: completeness and reliability of fixing parts, the presence of protective covers, thrust rings, the integrity of the ground wire, the serviceability of the cable and its protective tube, the absence of a short circuit to the case, the clarity of the switch, the serviceability of vibration isolation handles and the operation of machines at idle.

21. When changing working tools, adjusting nozzles, carrying machines from one place to another, manual electric and pneumatic machines must be disconnected from the mains. The work must be carried out in compliance with the requirements set forth in TOI R-218-49-95, TOI R-218-50-95.

22. Before performing installation work, it is necessary to establish the procedure for the exchange of conditional signals between the person in charge of the installation and the crane operator. All signals are given by only one person (link, slinger, rigger) with an armband, except for the "Stop" signal, which can be given by any employee who has noticed the danger.

23. When installing outside the field of view of the crane operator, a radio or telephone connection must be established between him and the workplaces of the installers.

Occupational safety requirements during work

24. Prior to installation, the pipes (or its links) must be cleaned of dirt, ice, foreign objects; auxiliary devices (braces, clamps) must be installed on them. Mounting loops must be cleaned of mortar or concrete, straightened, carefully inspected. It is forbidden to lift pipes (or its components) covered with earth, frozen or laid by other structures.

25. In the absence of mounting loops, pipes must be mounted using special grips or slings in a girth at fixed points. It is forbidden to lift pipes that do not have mounting loops or marks (fixed points) that ensure their safe slinging.

26. The installer must know the weight of the load to be lifted and must not exceed the lifting capacity of the crane.

27. The lifting of the structure should be carried out after a test lifting to a height of 5-10 cm and a tight tightening of the cable on the pipe structural element to be installed.

28. A hook or other lifting device must be accurately positioned over the pipe structure to be lifted.

It is forbidden to drag the mounted structural element with an oblique tension of the cable or by turning the crane boom.

29. When installing pipe structures, the weight of which is close to the maximum load capacity of the crane at a given boom reach, the load must initially be lifted to a height of 20-30 cm. After checking the stability of the crane, you can continue lifting and installing pipe structural elements.

30. When moving the structure horizontally, its lifting height must be at least 0,5 m higher than the obstacles encountered on the way. It is forbidden to move structures above people and the vehicle cab.

31. During lifting, lowering and moving pipe structures, it is forbidden to direct them to the installation site with your hands.

Elements of mounted structures or equipment during movement must be kept from swinging and rotating by flexible guys of the required length, ensuring the safety of the installer.

32. It is forbidden for people to stay on structural elements during their lifting or moving.

33. During work breaks, it is forbidden to leave the raised structural elements in the air. The installer must firmly and securely fasten the installed element and only then release it from the cables.

34. To protect the cables from rubbing between the sharp edges of the element and the cable, the installer must install wooden spacers, which must be attached to the structure or cable.

35. Lifting and lowering of structures should be carried out smoothly, without jerks, impacts on previously installed pipe elements.

36. It is forbidden to find people under the mounted structures. When moving structures, the installer must be on the side opposite to their supply by a crane.

37. The solution under the installed pipe element must be spread before the element is brought to the place of its installation.

38. The supplied pipe element is lowered above the installation site by no more than 30 cm above the design position, after which the installers guide it to the installation site with the help of braces, mounting crowbars, gaffs, guide mandrels.

39. Slinging of structures is allowed only after alignment of the position and strong, stable fastening (welding of embedded parts, tightening bolts).

40. When installing pipe structures with simultaneous tacking of individual elements by electric welding, the installer must wear safety glasses.

41. When supplying cement mortar for monolithic joints or concrete mix when concreting non-concrete places, the installer must ensure that buckets or other containers with concrete are securely fastened in order to avoid their arbitrary unloading, and also that the discharge openings do not rise above the concrete mix receiving area by more than than 1 m.

42. It is forbidden to climb into the body of a dump truck if it is difficult to unload the concrete mixture. The mixture stuck in the body of a dump truck should be unloaded only with the help of special scrapers or a shovel with a handle not less than 2,2 m long, standing on the ground.

43. It is forbidden to clean the drum or touch it while the concrete mixer is running.

The pit of the concrete mixer loading buckets should only be cleaned after the raised bucket is securely fastened.

44. It is forbidden to work with mechanisms that have external gear, chain and belt drives, as well as rotating parts in the absence of protective covers or other protective barriers on them.

45. When compacting the concrete mixture with a vibrator, the installer must monitor the integrity of the insulation of the supply cable and grounding.

If any malfunctions are found, immediately turn off the vibrator and inform the foreman about it.

46. It is forbidden to pull the vibrator by the hose wire over the compacted concrete mixture.

47. When working with a vibrator, the installer must not allow water to get on the electric vibrators. When it rains, they should be covered.

48. Electric heating of concrete should be carried out at a voltage of 127 V for reinforced structures and 220 V for non-reinforced structures. Electric heating is allowed to be carried out only when the electrician is on duty around the clock.

49. Concrete structures and electrical equipment cases must be grounded. A fence should be arranged around the heated structure at a distance of at least 3 m.

50. It is forbidden to touch any objects to the thermal formwork and stacked sawdust during electric heating.

51. At the site of electric heating and in places of equipment for electric heating, posters "Danger", "Current is on" should be posted.

52. During wet weather and thaw, all types of electrical heating should be stopped.

53. It is forbidden to water the concrete during electrical heating.

Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

54. In the event of a malfunction of lifting or rigging equipment, technological equipment and scaffolding, installers must suspend the operation of lifting equipment and notify the crane driver and those responsible for the safe performance of work on moving goods by crane.

55. Upon detection of an unstable position of the pipe elements, violation of the fastening of the walls of the trenches or scaffolding, the installers are obliged to inform the foreman or work manager about this.

56. When weather conditions change (wind speed increases to 15 m/s or more, with snowfall, thunderstorm or fog), which impair visibility, work must be suspended and reported to the manager.

Occupational safety requirements at the end of work

57. Upon completion of work, the installer must:

clean the workplace and aisles;
put tools, devices in a box or bag;
remove all rigging devices, clean the ropes and chains with a steel brush;
hand over to the pantry or put away the tool, safety devices in a specially designated place;
point out to the storekeeper any malfunctions identified during work;
Take a warm shower or wash your hands and face thoroughly with soap and warm water.

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