OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for an electrician for servicing automation and measuring instruments. Full document Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. The instruction on labor protection is a document that establishes requirements for the safe performance of work for employees. 1.2. Knowledge of the Instructions on labor protection is mandatory for all employees. 1.3. The head of the structural unit is obliged to create conditions at the workplace that meet the requirements of labor protection, provide employees with protective equipment and organize their study of this Instruction. Each enterprise must develop and communicate to all personnel safe routes through the territory of the enterprise to the place of work and evacuation plans in case of fire and emergency. 1.4. Each employee must:
For violation of the requirements of the Instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with applicable law. 2. General safety requirements 2.1. Persons not younger than 18 years of age who have passed a preliminary medical examination and who have no contraindications to the performance of this work are allowed to work in the given profession. 2.2. An employee undergoes an introductory briefing upon hiring. Before admission to independent work, he must pass:
For employees who have the right to prepare a workplace, admission, the right to be a work supervisor, an observer and a team member, it is necessary to check the knowledge of the Intersectoral labor protection rules (safety rules) for the operation of electrical installations (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) to the extent corresponding to the duties of responsible persons for labor protection . 2.3. Admission to independent work is issued by an appropriate order for the structural unit of the enterprise. 2.4. A newly hired employee is issued a qualification certificate, in which an appropriate entry must be made about checking knowledge of the instructions and rules specified in clause 2.2, and about the right to perform special work. The qualification certificate for on-duty personnel during the performance of official duties may be kept by the shop shift supervisor or with him in accordance with local conditions. 2.5. Employees who have not passed the knowledge test within the established time limits are not allowed to work independently. 2.6. The employee in the process of work must pass:
2.7. Employees who have received an unsatisfactory mark during a qualification test are not allowed to work independently and must undergo a second test no later than one month. In case of violation of labor protection rules, depending on the nature of the violation, an unscheduled briefing or an extraordinary knowledge test is carried out. 2.8. The victim or eyewitness must immediately notify his/her immediate supervisor of each accident or accident. 2.9. Each employee should know the location of the first aid kit and be able to use it. 2.10. If faulty devices, tools and protective equipment are found, the employee must inform his/her immediate supervisor about this. It is not allowed to work with faulty devices, tools and protective equipment. To avoid electric shock, do not touch or step on broken overhanging wires. 2.11. In electrical installations, people, mechanisms and hoisting machines are not allowed to approach energized, unprotected live parts at distances less than those indicated in Table 1. Table 1. Permissible distances to live parts under voltage
2.12. It is not allowed to clutter up approaches to shields with fire-fighting equipment and to fire hydrants, as well as to use fire-fighting equipment for other purposes. 2.13. In the service area of an electrician, the following dangerous and harmful production factors may occur:
2.14. To protect against exposure to hazardous and harmful production factors, it is necessary to use appropriate protective equipment:
2.15. The electrician must work in overalls and use other protective equipment issued in accordance with applicable industry standards, as well as depending on the nature of the work performed. 2.16. The electrician must be issued the following personal protective equipment free of charge:
When issuing a double change of clothes, the wear period is doubled. 3. Safety requirements before starting work 3.1. Before starting a shift, the electrician must:
The tool must meet the following requirements:
Protective equipment, devices, tools and devices with defects or with an expired test period must be removed and reported to your immediate supervisor. 3.2. The working tool should be stored in a portable tool box or bag. 3.3. After accepting the shift, the electrician must report to the shift supervisor on the state of the TAI equipment and the nature of the work performed by the personnel according to the orders and instructions in the automation devices and measuring instruments, the upcoming work during the shift and obtain permission from him to accept the shift with a signature in the operational log. 3.4. Not allowed:
4. Safety requirements during work 4.1. Bypasses and inspections of equipment by an electrician should be carried out only with the knowledge of higher operational personnel servicing technological equipment. When bypassing industrial premises, TAI devices, the electrician is not allowed to arbitrarily change the route and schedule of the bypass. It is not allowed to carry out inspections during unstable or emergency operation of the equipment, when blowing or deslagging boilers, when purging equipment and pipelines. 4.2. It is not allowed to jump over or climb over pipelines to shorten the bypass route. Crossing pipelines should only be in places where there are walkways. 4.3. All work in TAI devices located on existing equipment and assemblies located in various workshops is not allowed to be carried out without the permission of the shift supervisor of the workshop in which to work. 4.4. When inspecting and repairing TAI equipment in places with insufficient illumination, only factory-made portable lamps should be used. A hand-held portable lamp must have a metal mesh, a hanging hook and a hose wire with a plug. It is not allowed to bring portable step-down transformers inside bunkers, tanks, various containers to power lighting lamps and use autotransformers, choke coils and rheostats for this purpose. 4.5. When inspecting the equipment, it is not allowed to switch, remove posters or safety signs, fences and grounding installed during the preparation of the workplace, touch live parts, close and open valves, penetrate temporary and permanent fences in electrical installations. 4.6. The electrician must pay attention to the serviceability of the ceilings and gratings of tanks, channels and pits. If unprotected openings are found, it is necessary to take measures to prevent falling and injuring people (fencing with ropes and posting safety warning signs). 4.7. When working with a tool, an electrician should not place it on the railings of fences or the unprotected edge of the site, as well as at the edges of manholes, wells and channels. The position of the tool in the workplace should eliminate the possibility of it rolling or falling. 4.8. The dimensions of the opening of the wrenches must not exceed the dimensions of the bolt heads by more than 0,3 mm. The use of linings with a larger gap between the planes of the jaws and heads of bolts or nuts is not allowed. When loosening and tightening nuts and bolts, do not extend the wrenches with additional levers. 4.9. All manual metalwork tools must be inspected at least once every 1 days, and immediately before use. The defective instrument must be removed. 4.10. Dust blowing of ALI devices should be carried out with a rubber hose connected to the valve of the compressed air line with a fitting. 4.11. Upon detection of fistulas and leaks in the steam-water ducts of thermal mechanical equipment, as well as leaking liquids of knocking out fuel and ash into production premises, it is necessary to immediately inform the duty personnel in charge of this equipment and the higher duty personnel to take measures to protect the danger zone and clean up the leaked liquids . 4.12. When servicing equipment, it is not allowed:
4.13. To open manhole covers of wells or remove channel overlaps, use special keys, hooks and mounts, setting them in a stable position, in order to avoid falling and injuring the hands or feet with the cover. 4.14. Remove and install fuses in the electrical devices of the TAI should be when the voltage is off. It is allowed to change fuses under voltage, but without load (in the absence of switching devices) in goggles, using insulating pliers or dielectric gloves. 4.15. In the event of a break or violation of the density of the impulse lines coming from the gas pipeline, it is necessary to turn off the damaged area with the primary valves, leave the room, having previously taken measures to ventilate it, and inform the higher-ranking personnel on duty. 4.16. Use canvas gloves to purge the water and steam impulse lines. Purging should be done through special purge devices. If they are absent or the purge lines are clogged, the impulse lines must be purged with the permission or with the participation of the duty personnel servicing the thermal and mechanical equipment. An electrician must be at the purge site and give commands to the process shop attendant to open and close the sampling valves. The duty officer informs the electrician about production operations. In the event of an emergency condition on the thermal mechanical equipment, it is not allowed to purge the impulse lines. If an alarm occurs during the purging of the impulse lines, then the purging must be stopped and the valve closed. 4.17. It is not allowed to tighten the connecting fittings of the sensors using levers. Open and close the connecting fittings with a wrench, the size of which must correspond to the edges of the elements being pulled, after checking the condition of the visible part of the thread. 4.18. It is not allowed to perform operations to open and close the primary valves. Maintenance of the secondary valves installed in front of the sensors is carried out with the knowledge of the duty personnel servicing this equipment. Posters "Do not open - people are working!" must be posted on closed primary valves. Disconnecting the sensor from the impulse line or removing the pressure gauge from it should be done by gradually unscrewing the union nut at the sensor or pressure gauge. 4.19. It is not allowed to disconnect sensors from pipelines (vessels) with open primary (selective) valves on impulse lines. If the sensor impulse lines are connected to different sampling devices, the primary valves on all these devices must be closed. Switching off the sensor powered from the common impulse line must be carried out by disconnecting devices located directly in front of the sensor. Disconnect sensors from pipelines (vessels) with pressure over 6 MPa (60 kgf/cm2) by closing two shut-off valves installed in series, one of which is located directly at the pipeline (vessel), the other - on the impulse line in front of the sensor. 4.20. The electrician must know the places in the service area that are dangerous in relation to gas contamination. In such places it is not allowed:
4.21. Maintenance of TAI devices in the premises of gas distribution points should be carried out with the permission and in the presence of the duty personnel of the boiler shop. 4.22. Before entering a gas hazardous room or underground structure, it is necessary to ventilate it and analyze the air environment for the absence of gas and the sufficiency of oxygen using a gas analyzer. Air sampling should be carried out using a hose inserted into the slot of an open door (hatch). Air samples should be taken from the most poorly ventilated places depending on the density of the gas: gases with a lower density than air (methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ammonia), - from the upper zone, heavy (liquefied gases, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen) - from the lower zone. If gas contamination is detected, it is not allowed to enter the premises (underground structure). It is necessary to ventilate the room (structure) and again check the air for the absence of gas in it and the sufficiency of oxygen (at least 20% by volume). If it is not possible to remove the gas, then it is allowed to enter and work in a gas hazardous place only in a gas mask. 4.23. When in a gas hazardous area or underground structure, the electrician must wear a rescue harness with shoulder straps and a rescue rope. The other end of the rescue rope must be in the hands of an observer. 4.24. When removing sensors of instrumentation, automation, protection, plugs should be installed on the impulse lines disconnected from the sensor, coming from the gas pipeline. 4.25. When servicing TAI devices on fuel supply equipment, it is not allowed to climb over conveyors, pass various objects and tools through them, and also crawl under them or pass under them in places that are not protected and not intended for passage. Passing through the conveyors should be only on the transitional bridges. Walking on overpasses, bunker galleries, in unloading devices and rooms where conveyors are installed, one should only follow the walking paths. You must know exactly the location of the emergency stop devices for conveyor belts and be able to use them. 4.26. When servicing TAI devices on fuel oil equipment, one should not bend low to the neck of the tank hatch or look into it, as well as warm the impulse lines of combustible, explosive and harmful substances with open fire. The use of open fire is allowed only for heating impulse water and steam lines located outside fire hazardous premises and in the open air. 4.27. Work on impulse lines and equipment, during which accidental releases of aggressive media may occur, should be carried out in rubber acid-resistant gloves, a rubberized apron and goggles or head shields. If acid gets on the floor, it should be neutralized (sprinkled with soda or quicklime) and only then cleaned with a shovel and washed off with water. Clothing contaminated with acid should be washed with a plentiful stream of water, neutralized with a 2-3% soda solution and changed. 4.28. When removing and installing the pressure gauge, it is not allowed to use a tool with traces of grease, as well as oily cleaning material. A non-ferrous metal tool should be used for this purpose. 4.29. When servicing TAI instrumentation located on the territory of open switchgear (OSG), the electrician is not allowed to climb the metal structures of electrical equipment. It is allowed to enter the territory of the outdoor switchgear only if accompanied by the duty personnel of the electrical department. 4.30. It is not allowed to measure the insulation resistance with a megohmmeter on non-disconnected equipment. When working with a megohmmeter, do not touch the current-carrying parts to which it is connected with your hands. After completion of work, it is necessary to remove the residual charge from current-carrying parts by connecting grounding. 4.31. It is not allowed to connect devices to live electrical circuits if their connection requires breaking the electrical circuit. Connection and disconnection of devices that do not require breaking electrical circuits may be performed under voltage using electrical protective equipment (dielectric gloves or tools with insulating handles). 4.32. When working under voltage on TAI devices, it is additionally necessary:
4.33. When working in electrical circuits under voltage, it is not allowed to use hacksaws, files, metal meters and other conductive objects. To measure the electrical parameters of devices under voltage, you should ground the metal case of a portable device and use special probes or connecting conductors with insulating handles. 4.34. Fitting and assembly tools with insulating handles must not be held behind the stops in order to prevent the hand from slipping along the metal part. 4.35. When preparing the workplace, it is not allowed to turn off the electrical equipment of the TAI devices that affect the thermal and electrical load without obtaining the permission of the shift supervisor of the station or the shift supervisor of the corresponding workshop. 4.36. When checking the absence of voltage in electrical circuits, the use of "control" incandescent lamps is not allowed. It is necessary to check the absence of voltage with a two-pole voltage indicator up to 1000 V, the serviceability of which is checked directly by touching the indicator to live parts that are obviously energized. In electrical installations with a grounded neutral, when using a two-pole indicator, it is necessary to check the absence of voltage both between the phases and between the phase and the grounded equipment case or grounding (neutral) conductor. Devices signaling the disconnected position of the apparatus, blocking devices, constantly on voltmeters are only additional means of confirming the absence of voltage, and based on their readings, it is impossible to conclude that there is no voltage. 5. Safety requirements in emergency situations 5.1. In the event of an emergency (accident, fire, natural disaster), immediately stop work and report the situation to higher operational personnel. 5.2. In cases of urgency, perform the necessary switching with subsequent notification of higher operational personnel. 5.3. In the event of a fire: 5.3.1. Notify all workers in the production area and take measures to extinguish the fire. Burning parts of electrical installations and electrical wiring under voltage should be extinguished with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. 5.3.2. Take measures to call your immediate supervisor or other officials to the scene of the fire. 5.3.3. According to the operational situation, the local operational fire fighting plan should be acted upon. 5.4. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the impact of the traumatic factor, provide him with first (pre-medical) medical care and inform the immediate supervisor about the accident. When releasing the victim from the action of electric current, it is necessary to ensure that you yourself do not come into contact with the current-carrying part or under step voltage. 6. Safety requirements at the end of work 6.1. Before the end of the shift, you must:
6.2. All tools, devices and protective equipment should be put in order and placed in cabinets and on shelves. 6.3. Inform the receiving shift about all the changes in the state of the TAI equipment that occurred during the shift, the detected malfunctions, as well as where and in what composition the teams work on the equipment of the workshop according to the orders and orders. 6.4. Report the shift handover to the higher duty personnel and issue the shift handover by signature in the operational log. 6.5. Take off overalls; put it and other personal protective equipment in the work clothes closet; wash, take a shower. 7. List of accepted abbreviations
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