Instructions on labor protection during the operation of steam and hot water boilers at oil product supply enterprises

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Instructions on labor protection during the operation of steam and hot water boilers at oil product supply enterprises

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. This instruction provides for the basic safety requirements for the operation of steam boilers with excess steam pressure not exceeding 0,07 MPa, hot water boilers and water heaters with a water temperature not exceeding 115 ° C (hereinafter referred to as "boilers").

1.2. Responsible for the safe operation and technical condition of the boilers is a person from among the specialists of the enterprise who have experience in operating boilers, who have passed the knowledge test in the prescribed manner and who have the appropriate certificate.

1.3. In case of violation of the rules for the safe operation of hot water and steam boilers, an employee may be exposed to thermal burns, electric shock, and dynamic shock during the explosion of the boiler.

1.4. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, trained in an appropriate program, tested their knowledge by a qualification commission and received a certificate for the right to service boilers are allowed to service hot water and steam boilers.

1.5. Re-testing the knowledge of the boiler house employees is carried out by the qualification commission at least once a year, as a rule, at the beginning of the heating season, as well as:

when transferring boilers to another type of fuel;
when employees switch to servicing boilers of a different type.

1.6. The admission of workers to independent maintenance of boilers must be issued by order of the enterprise.

1.7. The enterprise must develop and approve by the chief engineer an instruction on the mode of operation and safe maintenance of boilers. The instruction must be located at the workplace and issued to employees against receipt.

1.8. Boiler switching diagrams should be posted at workplaces.

1.9. Workers servicing boiler rooms must be provided with overalls and safety shoes in accordance with applicable standards:

cotton suit;
combined mittens;
goggles.

The boiler cleaner must be provided, in addition:

underwear;
leather boots or tarpaulin boots;
helmet with shoulder pads;
knitted balaclava;
respirator.

1.10. The boiler room must have fire extinguishers of the brand OHP-10 (2 pcs.) And OP-10.

Workers serving boiler rooms must be able to use primary fire extinguishing equipment.

It is forbidden to use fire equipment for other purposes.

1.11. The presence of persons not related to the operation of boilers and boiler room equipment is prohibited in the boiler room. In necessary cases, outsiders may be allowed into the boiler room only with the permission of the administration and accompanied by its representative.

1.12. Boilers and boiler equipment must be kept in good condition. It is forbidden to clutter up the boiler room or store any materials or objects in it. Passages in the boiler room and exits from it must always be free.

1.13. It is not allowed to place tanks with flammable liquid fuel, as well as stocks of fuel and lubricants in the room where the boiler is installed.

1.14. Supervision of the technical condition of the boilers during the period of operation by external inspection should be carried out:

every shift by employees of the boiler room with an entry in the shift log;
daily by the person responsible for the safe operation and technical condition of the boilers;
periodically at least once a year by the chief engineer of the enterprise.

The results of periodic external inspection should be reflected in the boiler inspection report.

1.15. When working in the boiler, on its platforms and in gas ducts for local lighting, portable rechargeable lamps in an explosion-proof version with a voltage of not more than 12 V must be used, the switching on and off of which must be carried out outside the explosive zone.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Wear the prescribed clothing.

2.2. Check the availability of primary fire extinguishing equipment, familiarize yourself with the entries in the shift log and check the serviceability of the serviced boilers and equipment related to them, as well as the serviceability of emergency lighting, telephone communications (or sound alarms) for calling representatives of the administration in emergency cases and communication of the boiler room with places of steam consumption .

2.3. The acceptance and delivery of a shift is recorded in a shift log signed by the persons responsible for the shift. The entries in the logbook are checked daily by the person responsible for the safe operation of the boilers.

It is not allowed to take and take off duty during the elimination of an accident in the boiler room.

2.4. Before firing up the boiler, check:

serviceability of the furnace and gas ducts, locking and control devices;
serviceability of instrumentation, power devices, fans, as well as the presence of natural draft;
serviceability of equipment for burning liquid or gaseous fuels;
water level in the boiler, tightness of flanges, valves, hatches;
the absence of plugs on the purge, drain and feed steam lines, fuel oil lines, gas pipelines, as well as before and after the safety valve;
the absence of foreign objects in the furnace and gas ducts.

2.5. It is forbidden to put into operation boilers with faulty: fittings, feeders, automation equipment, emergency protection and signaling equipment.

2.6. Immediately before kindling the boiler, the furnace and gas ducts must be ventilated for 10-15 minutes.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. The kindling of boilers should be carried out only if there is an order recorded in the shift log by those responsible for the safe operation of the boilers.

3.2. The time of starting the kindling and putting the boiler into operation should be recorded in the shift log.

3.3. The firing mode of the boilers must comply with the requirements of the manufacturer's documentation.

It is not allowed to use flammable oil products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, etc.) when kindling a solid fuel boiler.

3.4. Tightening bolted connections, hatches, etc. during the firing up of the boiler must be carried out with the necessary precautions in the presence of a person responsible for the safe operation of the boiler, using standard wrenches without using extension levers.

3.5. During the duty, the boiler house employees must monitor the health of the boiler and all the equipment of the boiler room and strictly observe the established operating mode of the boiler.

Faults detected during the operation of the equipment should be recorded in a shift log. Workers must take immediate action to eliminate malfunctions that threaten the safe and trouble-free operation of the equipment. If it is not possible to eliminate the malfunctions on your own, then it is necessary to inform the person responsible for the safe operation of the boilers and take measures to stop the operation of the boiler.

3.6. During operation, the following should be maintained:

the water level in the boiler and its uniform supply with water. At the same time, the water level must not be allowed to fall below the permissible lower level or rise above the permissible higher level;
steam pressure. It is not allowed to increase the steam pressure above the allowable one;
superheated steam temperature, as well as feed water temperature after the economizer;
normal operation of the burners (nozzles).

3.7. When the boiler is in operation, at least once per shift, the following checks should be carried out:

serviceability of the pressure gauges with the help of three-way valves or shut-off valves replacing them;
water-indicating devices (purging);
serviceability of safety valves (purging);
serviceability of feed pumps, by briefly putting each of them into operation.

3.8. Periodic purging of the boiler must be carried out in the presence of a person responsible for the safe operation of the boilers. Before purging, it is necessary to make sure that the water-indicating instruments, nutrient devices, and the presence of water in the nutrient tanks are in good condition.

The opening of the purge valve must be done carefully and gradually.

During purging, it is necessary to monitor the water level in the boiler and prevent it from dropping.

In the event of hydraulic shocks, pipeline vibrations or other deviations from the norm in the purge lines, the purge must be stopped.

It is forbidden to purge with a faulty purge valve, open and close the valve with blows from a hammer or other objects, as well as with the help of elongated levers. The time of the start and end of the boiler blowdown should be recorded in a shift log.

3.9. Cleaning of the furnace should be carried out with a reduced load of the boiler, a weakened or switched off blast and a reduced draft.

When removing slag and ash from the furnace, exhaust ventilation must be turned on.

3.10. Boiler house workers during duty should not be distracted from their duties.

3.11. It is forbidden to lock the doors to exit the boiler room during the operation of the boilers.

3.12. Works inside the furnaces and flues of the boiler can only be carried out at a temperature not exceeding 60°C in accordance with the permit for work of increased danger.

The stay of the same worker inside the boiler or flue at a temperature of 50-60°C without a break should not exceed 20 minutes. The necessary security measures in the production of such work are specified in the work permit.

3.13. Before closing the hatches and manholes, it is necessary to check the absence of people and foreign objects inside the boiler, as well as the presence and serviceability of the devices installed inside the boiler.

3.14. Prior to the start of repair work inside the drum, chamber or collector of the boiler, connected to other operating boilers by common pipelines (steam, feed, drain and drain lines, etc.), as well as before inspection or repair of boiler elements under pressure, when If there is a danger of people being burned by steam or water, the boiler must be isolated from all pipelines with plugs or disconnected. Disconnected pipes should also be plugged.

3.15. When operating on gaseous fuel, the boiler must be reliably separated from the common gas pipeline in accordance with the boiler maintenance instructions.

3.16. Malfunctions of boiler elements and communications under pressure or high temperature from the furnace or steam are eliminated when the boiler is not working.

3.17. When disconnecting sections of pipelines and gas ducts, posters should be posted on valves, valves and dampers, as well as on starting devices for smoke exhausters, draft fans and fuel feeders: "Do not turn it on - people are working!" fuel must be removed fuse-links.

3.18. When the boilers are stopped for a long time or in the summer at the end of the heating season, they are cleaned of soot and scale, completely filled with water and disconnected from the water supply system.

3.19. When boilers installed in unheated rooms are stopped during cold periods, they are also cleaned of soot, scale, followed by flushing and hydrotesting, and water is necessarily drained from the water heater, pump and pipelines.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Boiler operation must be stopped immediately:

with a sharp increase in pressure and temperature above those set in the boiler and system, despite the measures taken (stopping the fuel supply, reducing draft and blast);
in case of damage to the boiler with water leakage from the place of damage;
in case of malfunctions of nutritional devices, water-indicating devices, pressure gauges, thermometers, safety valves;
when the circulation of water in the system stops (pump malfunction, power outage);
upon detection in the elements of the boiler (drum, flame tube, firebox, tube grate, etc.) cracks, swelling, leaks in welds, pipe ruptures;
when glowing red-hot elements of the boiler or frame;
when burning soot and fuel particles in gas ducts, superheater;
upon detection of noise, vibration, knocking unusual during the operation of the boiler;
in case of malfunction of safety interlocks;
in the event of a fire that directly threatens the boiler.

4.2. The reasons for the emergency shutdown of the boiler must be recorded in the shift log.

4.3. In case of emergency shutdown of the boiler, it is necessary:

stop the supply of fuel and air, sharply reduce traction;
remove burning fuel from the furnace as soon as possible;
after the cessation of combustion in the furnace, open the smoke damper for a while;
disconnect the boiler from the main steam pipeline;
release steam through raised safety valves or emergency exhaust valve.

It is forbidden to feed a boiler heated above the permissible temperature with water in order to avoid an explosion.

4.4. When the boiler stops due to the ignition of soot or fuel particles in the gas ducts, superheater or economizer, immediately stop the supply of fuel and air to the furnace, stop the draft, stop the smoke exhausters and fans and completely shut off the air and gas dampers.

If possible, fill the flue with steam and, after the combustion has stopped, ventilate the furnace.

4.5. In the event of a fire in the boiler room, employees must immediately call the fire brigade and take measures to extinguish without stopping monitoring the boilers.

If the fire threatens the boilers and it is not possible to quickly extinguish it, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. After finishing work in the boiler room, the workplace should be cleaned.

5.2. Hand over duty to the person in charge of the shift with an entry in the shift log about all the shortcomings, malfunctions, instructions, orders of the management.

5.3. Stopping the boiler (except for emergency shutdown) is carried out by a written order of the person responsible for the safe operation of the boiler, which is recorded in the shift log.

5.4. In the event of a boiler shutdown, boiler house employees do not have the right to leave their workplace until the combustion in the boiler furnace has completely stopped, fuel residues have been removed from it and the pressure has dropped to zero, with the exception of boilers that do not have brickwork. In such boilers, it is not necessary to reduce the pressure to zero after removing the fuel from the furnace if the boiler room is locked.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Knitter of knitwear, linen. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ The use of construction and assembly pistols. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Work in closed water area. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

DNA antenna 18.01.2022

Researchers at the University of Montreal in Canada have used deoxyribose nucleic acid - or DNA, the building blocks of our genetic material - to create the world's smallest antenna. It is designed to track the movement of proteins within the cell, the university said in a press release.

It is reported that the "antenna" formed from DNA can receive and receive signals, but it uses light to do this. Scientists at the University of Montreal used a tiny antenna to track the movement of a squirrel by sending it a light signal.

Depending on the movement of the protein molecule, the antenna transmitted signals of different colors.

At the same time, the response signal could be recorded using a spectrofluorimeter - a device that is commonly used in various scientific laboratories around the world.

Scott Harron, one of the study's authors who created the tiny antenna, noted in a press release that the chemistry of DNA is actually very simple and easy to program.

DNA functions in much the same way as LEGO blocks, so it can be put together in different lengths to optimize new function.

Other interesting news:

▪ Magnetars are more complex than thought

▪ Climate weapons against weather anomalies

▪ Electron microscopy - for children

▪ 14nm DRAM DDR5

▪ Photosynthesis for energy production

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Voltage converters, rectifiers, inverters. Article selection

▪ article National security and national interests of Russia. Basics of safe life

▪ article Do butterflies migrate? Detailed answer

▪ article From the history of geographical maps. Travel Tips

▪ GP article for 80 meters. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Not breaking through the tissue. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews