From the history of geographical maps. Travel Tips

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From the history of geographical maps. Travel Tips

Tourist tips

Geographic Maps have a long history. Before their appearance, the main source of information about the location of a particular object was oral stories. But as people began to travel frequently over ever greater distances, the need for long-term storage of information arose. The earliest plan of the city was found during excavations near the settlement of Satal Hoyuk, in Turkey, and dates back to 6200 BC. e. The foundations of modern cartography were laid by the ancient Greeks. It is believed that the first map was drawn by the Greek philosopher Anaximander of Miletus at the beginning of the XNUMXth century BC. e.

The ancient Greeks were well aware of the spherical shape of the Earth, as they observed its rounded shadow during periods of lunar eclipses and saw ships appear over the horizon and disappear beyond it. The Greek astronomer Eratosthenes back in the XNUMXrd century BC. e. quite accurately calculated the size of the globe, and the geographer and mathematician Ptolemy in the XNUMXnd century AD. e. published the first "Guide to Geography" indicating the coordinates of many geographical points in latitude and longitude.

Early cartographers themselves collected descriptions of various parts of the world known at that time, interviewing sailors, soldiers and adventurers and displaying the received data on a single map, and filled in the missing places with their imagination or honestly left unpainted blank spots. With the advent of aerial photography and space photography, there are no blank spots left, although in some remote areas of the Earth maps can produce quite significant errors.

A map is the main tool to help a traveler navigate. Maps vary in size and detail of the terrain and serve as a unique practical means of getting to the intended route point. In order for the orientation process to be accurate and safe, the traveler must speak the language of the map.

Even with the advent of global positioning systems, the importance of maps has not decreased, but only changed slightly. Maps have become electronic, and GPS receivers are often used as a convenient addition to a regular “paper” map.

Author: A.E. Menchukov

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