Labor protection instruction for electric welder

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

This industry standard instruction has been developed taking into account the requirements of legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing state labor protection requirements specified in section 2 of this document, intersectoral labor protection rules (safety rules) for the operation of electrical installations and is intended for electric welders when they perform work according to their profession and qualifications.

2. General safety requirements

1.1. Employees not younger than 18 years of age who have undergone appropriate training, have II electrical safety group and professional skills to work as an electric welder, before being allowed to work independently, must pass:

mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations) for recognition as fit for work in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of Russia;
training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, briefing on labor protection, internships at the workplace and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements.

1.2. Electric welders are required to comply with labor safety requirements to ensure protection from the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors related to the nature of the work:

increased voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can pass through the human body;
the location of the workplace at a considerable height relative to the ground (floor);
harmful substances;
sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surface of the workpieces;
increased dust and gas content in the air of the working area.

1.3. To protect against mechanical impacts, electric welders are required to use the following provided by employers free of charge: canvas suits or suits for a welder, leather boots, canvas mittens. At work on welding the busbar: cotton suits with flame retardant impregnation, leather boots, canvas gloves. In the winter season, suits with insulating padding and felt boots.

Electric welders must wear safety helmets when on site.

1.4. Being on the territory of the construction (production) site, in production and amenity premises, work sites and workplaces, electric welders are required to comply with the internal labor regulations adopted in this organization.

Admission of unauthorized persons, as well as employees in a state of intoxication to these places is prohibited.

1.5. In the course of their daily activities, electric welders should:

use in the process of work welding machines, other equipment and small-scale mechanization for their intended purpose, in accordance with the instructions of manufacturers;
maintain order at workplaces, clean them of debris, snow, ice, prevent violations of the rules for storing materials and structures;
be careful during work and avoid violations of labor safety requirements.

1.6. Electric welders are obliged to immediately notify their immediate or higher supervisor of any situation that threatens the life and health of people, of each accident that occurs at work, or of a deterioration in their health, including the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning).

3. Safety requirements before starting work

1.7. Before starting work, electric welders must:

present to the work manager a certificate of knowledge of safe working methods;
put on a helmet, overalls, special footwear of the established sample;
receive a task to perform work from a foreman or manager.

1.8. After receiving the task from the foreman or work manager, electric welders are required to:

prepare the necessary personal protective equipment (when performing ceiling welding - asbestos or canvas sleeves;
when working lying warm bedding; when performing work in wet rooms - dielectric gloves, galoshes or rugs;
when welding or cutting non-ferrous metals and alloys - a hose gas mask);
check the workplace and approaches to it for compliance with safety requirements;
prepare tools, equipment and technological equipment necessary for the performance of work, check their serviceability and compliance with safety requirements;
in the case of welding in enclosed spaces or on the territory of an operating enterprise, check that the requirements for fire and explosion safety and ventilation in the work area are met.

1.9. Electric welders should not start work in case of the following violations of safety requirements:

absence or malfunction of the protective shield, welding wires, electrode holder, as well as personal protective equipment;
absence or faulty grounding of the welding transformer case, secondary winding, welded part and switch housing;
insufficient illumination of workplaces and approaches to them;
lack of fencing of workplaces located at a height of 1,3 m or more, and equipped access systems to them;
fire and explosion hazardous conditions;
lack of exhaust ventilation in case of work in enclosed spaces.

Detected malfunctions and violations of safety requirements must be eliminated on their own before the start of work, and if it is impossible to do this, electric welders are obliged to report them to the foreman or work manager.

4. Safety requirements during work

1.10. Electric welders are required to perform work subject to the following safety requirements:

the place of work, as well as the places below, must be freed from combustible materials within a radius of at least 5 m, and from explosive materials and installations - 10 m;
when performing electric welding work outdoors (during rain or snowfall), a canopy must be installed above the workplace of the welder and the location of the welding machine;
electric welding work at height should be carried out from scaffolding or scaffolding with fences. It is forbidden to work from ladders;
welding should be carried out using two wires, one of which is connected to the electrode holder, and the other (reverse) - to the workpiece to be welded. It is forbidden to use metal structures of buildings, technological equipment, pipes of sanitary networks (water supply, gas pipeline, etc.) as a return wire of the grounding network;
Welding wires must be connected by hot soldering, welding or by means of couplings with an insulating sheath. Connection points must be insulated; connection of welding wires by twisting is not allowed;
Welding wires must be laid in such a way that they cannot be damaged by machines and mechanisms. It is forbidden to lay wires near gas welding hoses and pipelines, the distance between the welding wire and the oxygen pipeline must be at least 0,5 m, and the distance between the pipeline of acetylene and other combustible gases - 1 m.

1.11. Before welding, the electric welder must make sure that the edges of the workpiece to be welded and the area adjacent to them (20-30 mm) are cleaned of rust, slag, etc. Protective goggles must be worn when cleaning.

The parts to be welded must be securely fastened prior to welding. When cutting structural elements, the electric welder is obliged to take measures against accidental falling of the cut elements.

1.12. Containers containing flammable liquids or acids must be cleaned, washed, and dried before the start of electric welding in order to eliminate dangerous concentrations of harmful substances.

Do not weld on pressure vessels. Welding (cutting) of freshly painted structures and parts should be carried out only after the paint has completely dried.

1.13. When performing electric welding in closed containers or cavities of structures, the electric welder must comply with the following safety requirements:

the workplace should be provided with exhaust ventilation, and in special cases, welding should be done in a gas mask;
apply lighting with a voltage of no higher than 12 V, installing a transformer outside the tank;
work must be carried out using a safety belt with its fastening to a rope, the other end of which must be held by the insurer outside the container;
the electric welding machine must have an electric lock that provides automatic shutdown of the open circuit voltage or its limitation to a voltage of 12 V with a time delay of not more than 0,5 s;
when working, an electric welder must use dielectric gloves, galoshes, a rug, as well as an insulating helmet.

1.14. When several electric welders work in one place, their workplaces must be protected by light-tight shields made of fireproof material.

Simultaneous work of an electric welder and a gas welder (gas cutter) inside a closed container or reservoir is prohibited.

1.15. During breaks in work, the electric welder is prohibited from leaving the electrode holder under voltage at the workplace, the welding machine must be turned off, and the electrode holder must be fixed on a special stand or suspension. Connection and disconnection of welding machines, as well as their repair must be carried out by special personnel through an individual switch.

1.16. When performing work at existing facilities with an established regime for conducting hot work, an electric welder is obliged to comply with additional requirements of instructions approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

1.17. If a fire is detected during operation, it is necessary to suspend work and take measures to extinguish them. If it is impossible to eliminate the fire on your own, you must inform the foreman or work manager.

1.18. In the event of a malfunction of the welding unit, welding wires, electrode holders, protective shield or helmet - mask, you must stop working and inform the foreman or work manager about this. Operation can only be resumed after all faults have been rectified by the appropriate personnel.

1.19. In the event of gas contamination of the premises in the absence of exhaust ventilation, work must be suspended and the premises ventilated. Works should also be stopped when they are performed outdoors (in the event of rain or snowfall). Work can be resumed only after the rain or snowfall has stopped or a canopy has been installed over the place of work of the electric welder.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

1.20. Upon completion of work, the electrician must:

turn off the electric welding machine;
put the workplace in order, assemble the tool, wind the welding wires into coils and put them in the places designated for their storage;
make sure that there are no foci of fire, if any, fill with water;
about all violations of safety requirements that occurred in the process of performing work, report to the foreman or work manager;
make sure there are no fires; if available, fill with water;
Report all violations of safety requirements that occurred in the course of work to the foreman or manager.

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