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Instructions on labor protection for an electrician of an operational mobile team. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. The instruction on labor protection is a document that establishes requirements for the safe performance of work for employees.

1.2. Knowledge of the Instructions on labor protection is mandatory for all employees.

1.3. The head of the structural unit is obliged to create conditions at the workplace that meet the requirements of labor protection, provide employees with protective equipment and organize their study of this Instruction.

Each enterprise must develop and communicate to all personnel safe routes through the territory of the enterprise to the place of work and evacuation plans in case of fire and emergency.

1.4. Each employee must:

• comply with the requirements of this Instruction;
• immediately report to your immediate supervisor, and in his absence, to a higher manager about the accident that has occurred and about all violations of the Instructions he has noticed, as well as about malfunctions of structures, equipment and protective devices;
• keep the workplace and equipment clean and tidy;
• ensure the safety of protective equipment, tools, devices, fire extinguishing equipment and documentation on labor protection at their workplace.

For violation of the requirements of the Instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with applicable law.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a preliminary medical examination and have no contraindications to perform this work are allowed to work in this profession.

2.2. An employee undergoes an introductory briefing upon hiring. Before admission to independent work, he must pass:

• training in professional training programs;
• initial briefing at the workplace;
• test of knowledge of instructions:
• on labor protection;
• to provide first aid to victims of accidents at work;
• on the use of protective equipment necessary for the safe performance of work;
• on fire safety.

For employees who have the right to prepare a workplace, admission, the right to be a work supervisor, an observer and a team member, it is necessary to check the knowledge of the Intersectoral labor protection rules (safety rules) for the operation of electrical installations (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) to the extent corresponding to the duties of responsible persons for labor protection.

2.3. Admission to independent work is issued by an appropriate order for the structural unit of the enterprise.

2.4. A newly hired employee is issued a qualification certificate, in which an appropriate entry must be made about checking knowledge of the instructions and rules specified in clause 2.2, and about the right to perform special work.

The qualification certificate for on-duty personnel during the performance of official duties may be kept by the shop shift supervisor or with him in accordance with local conditions.

2.5. Employees who have not passed the knowledge test within the established time limits are not allowed to work independently.

2.6. The employee in the process of work must pass:

• repeated briefings - at least once a quarter;
• verification of knowledge of the instructions for labor protection and the current instructions for providing first aid to victims of accidents at work - once a year;
• medical examination - once every two years;
• checking the knowledge of the Rules for employees who have the right to prepare a workplace, admission, the right to be a foreman, supervisor or team member - once a year.

2.7. Employees who have received an unsatisfactory mark during a qualification test are not allowed to work independently and must undergo a second test no later than one month.

In case of violation of labor protection rules, depending on the nature of the violation, an unscheduled briefing or an extraordinary knowledge test is carried out.

2.8. The victim or eyewitness must immediately notify his/her immediate supervisor of each accident or accident.

2.9. Each employee must know the location of the first aid kit and be able to use it.

2.10. If faulty devices, tools and protective equipment are found, the employee must inform his/her immediate supervisor about this.

It is not allowed to work with faulty devices, tools and protective equipment.

To avoid electric shock, do not touch or step on broken overhanging wires.

2.11. In electrical installations, people, mechanisms and hoisting machines are not allowed to approach energized, unprotected live parts at distances less than those indicated in Table 1.

Table 1

4. Permissible distances to live parts under voltage

* Constant current.

2.12. It is not allowed to clutter up approaches to shields with fire-fighting equipment and to fire hydrants, as well as to use fire-fighting equipment for other purposes.

2.13. During operational maintenance of 0,4-20 kV distribution network equipment and 35-110 kV substations, the following hazardous and harmful production factors may occur:

• increased value of the voltage of the electrical circuit;
• moving machines and mechanisms;
• increased or decreased air temperature of the working area;
• insufficient illumination of the working area;
• the location of the workplace at a considerable height relative to the ground;
• toxic (energy oils, gasoline, acetone, antiseptics) and other harmful substances.

2.14. To protect against exposure to hazardous and harmful factors, the following protective equipment must be used.

To protect against electric shock, it is necessary to use: voltage indicators, insulating rods and pliers, portable and stationary grounding devices, bench and installation tools with insulating handles.

When working at a height of more than 1,3 m above the ground (platform), it is necessary to use claws, manholes, a safety belt or use portable ladders.

In case of insufficient illumination, additional local lighting should be used.

To protect the head from impacts with random objects, it is necessary to wear a protective helmet when performing work.

When working outdoors at low temperatures, it is necessary to use insulated overalls and alternate the mode of operation with the time for heating.

When working with flammable liquids, fire safety rules must be observed: do not smoke, do not use open flames.

2.15. The electrician of the operational mobile team (OVB) must work in overalls and use protective equipment issued in accordance with current industry standards.

Depending on the nature of the work and the conditions of their production, the OVB electrician should be temporarily issued additional overalls and protective equipment for these conditions free of charge.

2.16. The following personal protective equipment must be issued free of charge to the electrician of the OVB:

• overalls with special impregnation - on duty;
• cotton jacket with insulated lining;
• combined mittens - for 3 months;
• dielectric gloves - on duty;
• dielectric galoshes - on duty;
• safety belt - on duty.

When issuing a double replaceable set of overalls, the wear period should be doubled.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, put in order the overalls used, fasten the sleeves, fill the clothes so that there are no hanging ends, put on a hat. Shoes must be low heels. It is not allowed to roll up the sleeves of overalls.

3.2. Before the start of the shift, it is necessary to find out from the dispatcher on duty the state of the power supply circuit of the serviced area, to familiarize yourself with all the changes in the electrical circuit that have occurred in the absence of the electrician of the ATS.

3.3. When accepting a shift, the OVB electrician must:

• receive information from the person handing over the shift about the state of the equipment, about the changes that have taken place in the schemes;
• check the registration of all work performed according to orders and orders, and the number of teams working on them;
• check the availability and serviceability of duty overalls, protective equipment, instruments, tools, fixtures, the presence of posters and safety signs, keys to premises, operational work documentation;
• make sure that the radio communication equipment is in good working order;
• the driver-electrician is obliged to check the condition and serviceability of the machine;
• report to the dispatcher on duty about the acceptance of the shift and readiness to start work;
• formalize the acceptance of the change by an entry in the operational log.

3.4. When inspecting protective equipment and devices, check:

• the absence of external damage (the integrity of the varnish coating of insulating protective equipment, the absence of punctures, cracks, breaks in dielectric gloves and boots, the integrity of glasses in goggles);
• the absence of rips in the fabric of the belts, the serviceability of the lock and the presence of a locking device for the belt carabiner; for fitter's claws and manholes - the integrity of carbide spikes, the strength of welds, the integrity of the stitching of belts and buckles;
• the date of the next test (the expiration date is determined by the stamp).

3.5. When inspecting the tool, check that it meets the following requirements:

• handles of pliers, needle nose pliers and wire cutters must have protective insulation (when working under voltage);
• the working part of the screwdriver must be well sharpened, an insulating tube is put on the rod, leaving only the working part of the screwdriver open (when working under voltage);
• wrenches should have parallel jaws, their working surfaces should not have knocked down bevels, and handles should not have burrs;
• the shovel must have a smooth handle, firmly fixed in the holder;
• files must have handles with metal rings;
• the handles of the hammer and ax must have an oval shape along the entire length, without knots and cracks.

3.6. The working tool should be stored in a portable tool box or bag.

3.7. Protective equipment, devices, tools and devices with defects or with an expired test period must be replaced with serviceable ones and reported to your immediate supervisor.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. The senior electrician of the OVB must have an electrical safety group of at least IV, the rest - group III.

4.2. Before starting work, the electrician must carefully read the content of the task received from the dispatcher.

4.3. Before leaving, the electrician is obliged to obtain from the dispatcher one copy of the electrical diagrams of the serviced area.

4.4. Upon arrival at the workplace, make sure by the dispatcher names of transformer substations (TS) and overhead power lines (VL), the name of the settlement and other landmarks that the place of work corresponds to that specified in the work permit or order.

4.5. When performing work, it is not allowed to approach unshielded live parts under voltage at distances less than those indicated in Table 1 (clause 2.11).

4.6. In electrical installations, it is not allowed to work in a bent position if, when straightening, the distance to live parts is less than that indicated in Table 1. In electrical installations with a voltage of 6-10 kV, when working near unshielded live parts, it is unacceptable to position them so that these parts are at the back or on both sides.

4.7. When inspecting electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, it is not allowed to enter rooms and chambers that are not equipped with fences or barriers.

Inspection must be carried out without penetrating fences and barriers.

4.8. Inspection of overhead lines, distribution points (RP) and TP should be carried out from the ground, without climbing a support or structure.

4.9. During the inspections, it is not allowed to switch, remove posters and fences, perform any work or cleaning.

It is not allowed to walk under the wires of overhead lines at night.

In difficult terrain (swamps, water barriers, mountains, etc.), and in adverse weather conditions (rain, snowfall, severe frost, etc.), as well as at night, inspection of the overhead line should be performed by two electricians with group II.

4.10. It is not allowed to work in clothes with short or rolled up sleeves, as well as to use hacksaws, files, metal meters, etc.

4.11. In the event of a ground fault in electrical installations with a voltage of 6-35 kV, approaching the detected fault location at a distance of less than 4 m in indoor switchgear (ZRU) and less than 8 m in open switchgear (ORG) and overhead lines is allowed only for operational switching in order to release people under voltage, or localization of damage. In this case, you should use electrical protective equipment (dielectric boots, galoshes).

4.12. The electrician directly performing the switching must perform them in the following order:

• contact the engineer-dispatcher of the district distribution network by radio (telephone), give your position and last name;
• receive an order for switching, repeat it to eliminate errors;
• explain to the second employee involved in the switching, the purpose and procedure of operations;
• check the dispatching name of the connection on the spot according to the inscriptions;
• check according to the scheme the correspondence of the positions of the switching devices;
• perform the switching, making sure that the selected connection and switching device are correct;
• check visually the execution of the operation;
• inform the dispatcher about the completion of the task.

If the operating personnel have doubts about the correctness of the proposed switching, they should be stopped and the progress of operations should be checked according to the scheme or appropriate explanations should be obtained from the dispatcher.

4.13. Oil circuit breakers can be controlled manually, remotely and by remote control.

Manual control of the circuit breaker drive is allowed if the circuit breaker drive is separated from it by a solid solid wall that protects the operator in case of damage to the circuit breaker.

In the absence of a protective wall, the circuit breaker must be controlled remotely using a remote control button.

4.14. Before turning off or on the disconnector, separator, it is necessary to carefully examine them and determine the integrity of the support insulators.

4.15. If cracks are found on the insulators and other damage, operations with them are not allowed.

4.16. It is necessary to turn off and on disconnectors, separators and switches with voltage above 1000 V with a manual drive in dielectric gloves.

4.17. At the beginning of operations with disconnectors, it is necessary to make a trial movement with the drive lever to make sure that the rods are in good condition, that there are no swings or breakages of the insulators.

4.18. Turning on the disconnectors by hand drive must be done quickly, but without impact at the end of the stroke. When an arc appears, the knives should not be retracted, as if the contacts diverge, the arc may lengthen and cause a short circuit. The closing operation must in all cases continue to the end.

4.19. Disconnecting disconnectors should be done slowly and carefully.

If at the moment of divergence of contacts between them a strong arc occurs, the disconnectors must be immediately turned on and no operations with them should be performed until the reasons for the formation of the arc are clarified.

4.20. After carrying out operations on the disconnector, it is necessary to check the actual position of all three phases.

4.21. Shutdown of mast TS (MTP) and complete TS (KTP) is carried out in the following sequence:

• turn off automatic machines, knife switches of outgoing connections 0,4 kV;
• turn off the general machine 0,4 kV MTP (KTP);
• disconnect the remote disconnector 6 (10) kV MTP (KTP).

The inclusion of the MTP is carried out in the reverse order.

4.22. Switching without the order of higher operational personnel, but with its subsequent notification, is allowed to be performed in cases of urgency (accident, natural disaster, fire).

4.23. The operational personnel directly performing the switching operations are not allowed to disable the safety interlocks without permission.

Release is a last resort and is allowed only with the permission of the head of the unit.

The release is recorded in the operational log.

4.24. Turning on switches in the cells of complete outdoor switchgears (KRUN) is allowed only if there is a remote control device.

4.25. It is not allowed to touch, without the use of electrical protective equipment, the insulators of live equipment.

4.26. When a thunderstorm approaches, all work in the outdoor switchgear, indoor switchgear, at the terminals and linear disconnectors of the overhead line and overhead lines should be stopped.

4.27. It is necessary to remove and install fuses when the voltage is off. Under voltage, but without load, it is allowed to remove and install fuses on connections in the circuit of which there are no switching devices that allow you to remove voltage.

Voltage transformer fuses can be replaced under voltage and under load.

4.28. When removing and installing fuses under voltage, you must use the following protective equipment:

• in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V - insulating pliers or dielectric gloves and goggles;
• in electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V - insulating tongs (rod) using dielectric gloves and goggles.

4.29. Do not use uncalibrated fuses and fuses.

4.30. Sampling and adding oil to oil circuit breakers and transformers, wiping of oil sight glasses and single insulators should be carried out only on disconnected equipment after appropriate preparation of the workplace.

4.31. It is necessary to work with electrical clamps in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V by two electricians in dielectric gloves, without leaning towards the device to take readings.

4.32. In electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V, it is not allowed to use "control" lamps to check the absence of voltage due to the risk of injury from an electric arc and glass fragments.

4.33. Before performing work related to climbing to the support, the following safety requirements must be strictly observed:

• immediately before climbing onto the support, you must make sure that it is stable and strong. If the strength of the support is in doubt (insufficient penetration, swelling of the soil, rotting of wood, concrete cracks, slope above the norm, etc.), it is not allowed to climb it without strengthening it;
• check the strength of the support by digging out the support post to a depth of 30-40 cm below ground level; determine the degree of decay of wooden supports with the help of tools and fixtures, and for reinforced concrete supports and attachments - the integrity of the concrete.

Climbing and working on a support is allowed only in cases where there is full confidence in its sufficient stability and strength.

If the strength of the support is in doubt, then it must be strengthened with special stretch marks without climbing onto the support or working from a TV tower.

4.34. When climbing onto a support, it is necessary to use fitter's claws, manholes, safety belts. The safety belt lanyard should be wound behind the rack.

While working on a support, it is necessary to lean steadily on both pits (manholes) and be fixed with a safety belt.

4.35. On overhead lines, when checking the absence of voltage, performed from wooden or reinforced concrete supports with a voltage indicator of the UVN-10, UVN-80 type, it is necessary to ground its working part.

The voltage gauge should be used with dielectric gloves.

4.36. On overhead lines, when hanging wires at different levels, check the absence of voltage with a pointer and install a grounding rod from the bottom up, starting from the bottom wire. If the wires are suspended horizontally, the test should be started from the nearest wire.

4.37. It is not allowed to break the integrity of the wires and remove the bindings on the intermediate supports, if this will cause one-sided tension of the wires, without first strengthening the supports in order to prevent them from falling.

4.38. On corner supports with pin insulators, it is not allowed to climb and work from the side of the inner corner.

4.39. When performing work at height using a portable wooden ladder, it is necessary to verify its suitability by the test stamp and visual inspection.

4.40. It is not allowed to work on portable ladders and ladders if it is required:

• use portable power tools;
• carry out the tension of the wires;
• support heavy objects.

4.41. Protective equipment in the OVB vehicle must be stored in boxes, bags and cases.

4.42. About all equipment malfunctions and malfunctions, the electrician of the FSO must immediately report to the dispatcher, in whose operational subordination the FSO is located, or to administrative and technical personnel.

4.43. During the operation of the OVB car, it is not allowed:

• ride standing in the back of a car;
• get in and out of the car until it comes to a complete stop;
• open and close car doors on the go;
• rest (sleep) in the cab or closed body with the engine running.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of an emergency (accident, fire, natural disaster), immediately stop work and report the situation to higher operational personnel.

5.2. In cases of urgency, perform the necessary switching with subsequent notification of higher operational personnel.

5.3. In the event of a fire:

5.3.1. Notify all workers in the production area and take measures to extinguish the fire. Burning parts of electrical installations and electrical wiring under voltage should be extinguished with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

5.3.2. Take measures to call your immediate supervisor or other officials to the scene of the fire.

5.3.3. According to the operational situation, the local operational fire fighting plan should be acted upon.

5.4. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the impact of the traumatic factor, provide him with first (pre-medical) medical care and inform the immediate supervisor about the accident.

When releasing the victim from the action of electric current, it is necessary to ensure that you yourself do not come into contact with the current-carrying part or under step voltage.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. At the end of the shift, you must:

• all tools, fixtures, devices and protective equipment should be put in proper order and placed in special cabinets and on racks;
• inform the receiving shift about all changes and malfunctions in the operation of the equipment that occurred during the shift, where and in what composition the teams work on the equipment of substations and on overhead lines according to orders and orders;
• report on the delivery of the shift to their superior duty personnel and issue it in the operational journal;
• take off overalls, put them and other personal protective equipment in the work clothes closet;
• wash or take a shower.

7. List of accepted abbreviations

• AGP Field extinguishing machine
• ACS Automated control system
• PBX Automatic telephone exchange
• VL Overhead power line
• VLAN Overhead communication line
• HF communication High-frequency communication
• Main control panel Main control panel
• ZRU Enclosed switchgear
• IC Measuring (test) stand
• CL Cable power line
• KLS Cable communication line
• KRU (KRUN) Complete switchgear of indoor (outdoor) installation
• KTP Complete transformer substation
• MTP Mast transformer substation
• NRP Unattended regeneration point
• NUP Unattended reinforcement point
• OVB Operational Field Brigade
• Outdoor switchgear
• OUP Serviced amplification point
• POR Work Management Design
• PPR Project for the production of works
• PRP HR Rules
• PUE Rules for the installation of electrical installations
• RZA Relay protection and automation
• RP Distribution point
• RU Switchgear
• SDTU Dispatch and process control facilities (cable and overhead lines of communication and telemechanics, high-frequency channels, communication and telemechanics devices)
• SMO Construction and installation organization
• SNiP Building codes and regulations
• TAI Devices for thermal automatics, thermal measurements and protection, means of remote control, signaling and technical means of automated control systems
• TP Transformer Substation
• EU Electrolysis Plant

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