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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection when working on metalworking equipment
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. This instruction provides labor protection requirements for workers engaged in work on metalworking machines (lathes, milling, drilling, grinding) in organizations. 1.2. Violation by an employee of labor protection requirements in the workplace can lead to an accident: mechanical injury from fragments of the tool used, moving parts of the machine and gripping parts of clothing, as well as electric shock. 1.3. It is necessary to ensure that the processes of mechanical processing of metals by cutting and the devices used for metal working comply with safety requirements in accordance with current state standards. 1.4. The mechanical workshop must be equipped with personal protective equipment and fire extinguishing equipment. 1.5. Stationary metalworking machines must be installed on solid foundations or bases, carefully aligned, firmly secured, and painted. Passages, driveways, and well hatches in the workshop should be kept clear and not cluttered with materials, workpieces, parts, waste and containers. Installation of machines on well hatches is not allowed. 1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, training, instruction, and knowledge testing on labor protection are allowed to work on metalworking machines. The machine operator must have group II electrical safety and a certificate confirming the right to work on this type of machine. 1.7. Installation and removal of devices, parts, fixtures and tools weighing more than 16 kg from metalworking machines is carried out using lifting mechanisms. 1.8. Installation of abrasive tools on metalworking machines is carried out only by workers who know the rules and have practical skills in inspecting and installing abrasive tools. These workers are trained in the rules and regulations of working with abrasive tools. 1.9. All employees are provided with special clothing and personal protective equipment in accordance with current standards. 1.10. Lighting of metalworking machines (general and local) should provide clear visibility of the process of processing products, divisions on control and measuring instruments, feed dials, as well as tables of machine settings and controls. For local lighting, a voltage of no higher than 12 V should be used. 1.11. Metalworking machines that process dust-generating materials (cast iron, bronze, etc.) must be equipped with devices for removing this dust during operation (local suction). Machines operating with oil, kerosene, etc. cooling in the presence of abundant vapor release are equipped with exhaust ventilation. 1.12. All machines, machines and installations that create noise during operation of more than 70 dBa must be equipped with devices to eliminate it or reduce it as much as possible. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on overalls, tuck your hair under your headdress and make sure that the condition of the overalls prevents them from being caught by moving parts of a metalworking machine or tool. 2.2. In order to prevent skin diseases of the hands when using cooling oils and liquids on metalworking machines, before starting work, lubricate your hands with preventive pastes and ointments. 2.3. Inspect the workplace, remove everything from under your feet that could interfere with work, clear the passages and not block them, check the serviceability of the wooden grate under your feet. 2.4. Check the serviceability of personal protective equipment, protective screens, tools, and devices for securing parts. When checking an abrasive wheel, you must carefully inspect it to identify cracks or other defects. When tapped with a wooden hammer, the entire abrasive wheel should produce a clear sound. Check the cutting tool for cracks, breaks, the strength of fastening of the carbide plates, etc. 2.5. Check the serviceability and reliability of the tool mounting devices and the correctness of its fastening, taking into account the following requirements:
2.6. Check and ensure sufficient lubrication of the metalworking machine; When lubricating, use only appropriate tools. 2.7. Check the presence, serviceability and strength of fastening:
2.8. Visually check the serviceability of grounding of metal parts of the metalworking machine and equipment (bed, electric motor housings, metal casings of starting devices). 2.9. Check the idle speed of the metalworking machine:
2.10. If a malfunction of the machine, devices, tools or personal protective equipment is detected, the foreman should be notified. It is not allowed to work on a faulty machine that does not have guards, as well as to use faulty or worn-out tools. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. The workplace should be kept clean and there should be no oil, coolant, shavings, cuttings, etc. under the worker’s feet. 3.2. To collect cooling and lubricating fluids and prevent them from spilling on the floor, metalworking machines must be equipped with appropriate collections (pallets, troughs, etc.). 3.3. At the workplace, a serviceable wooden grating with a distance between the slats of 25 - 30 mm should be installed under the worker’s feet. 3.4. When working on a lathe:
3.5. When milling through windows, grooves, key sockets, etc., the cutter should be periodically moved back to eliminate pressure and breakage that occurs on it; It is especially often necessary to retract the cutter at the end of the pass. 3.6. Do not stop the metalworking machine until the cutting tool is completely out of the workpiece. 3.7. When working on a drilling machine:
3.8. When working on a machine with an abrasive tool:
It is not allowed to work on the side (end) surfaces of the circle unless the circle is specifically designed for this type of work. 3.9. Wetting the cutting tool with cooling liquids should only be done with a brush. 3.10. During the operation of the metalworking machine is not allowed:
3.11. It is not allowed to work on metalworking machines wearing mittens, or with bandaged fingers without rubber fingertips. 3.12. Clean up shavings from metalworking machines in a timely manner and mechanize them as much as possible. 3.13. To remove chips from a metalworking machine, use appropriate devices (hooks, brushes, etc.). It is not allowed to remove chips by hand or blow them away. Remove chips from drilled holes only after stopping the metalworking machine. 3.14. Do not use compressed air to blow workpieces, products, equipment and clothing. 3.15. If it is impossible to provide metalworking machines with special screens to protect the worker from chips or abrasive dust during work, safety glasses or safety shields made of transparent material should be used. 3.16. It is not allowed to leave a working metalworking machine unattended. When the worker leaves, the tool should be taken away from the workpiece and the machine should be turned off. 3.17. When repairing, cleaning and lubricating a metalworking machine, a poster should be hung near the starting devices: “Do not turn on - repair.” 3.18. When stacking products at a workplace, the height of the stack is determined from the conditions of its stability and the ease of removing parts from it. The height of the stack should not exceed 0,5 m for small parts, 1,0 m for medium parts, and 1,5 m for large parts. In order to prevent the collapse of stacks, as well as materials falling and sliding from them, special devices should be used: stands, stops, spacers, etc. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. An emergency stop of a metalworking machine must be carried out:
4.2. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to provide the victim with first aid, call an ambulance, report the accident to your immediate supervisor and maintain the situation at the workplace unchanged until the investigation. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. Turn off the metalworking machine and turn off the power to the electric motor. When stopping the machine, it is not allowed to brake its rotating parts with your hands. 5.2. Keep the metalworking machine and workplace free from shavings, sawdust, and dirt. Lubricate the rubbing surfaces of the metalworking machine. 5.3. Place devices and tools in the designated place. Storing tools in the beds of metal-cutting machines is allowed only if this place is specifically provided for by the design of the bed. 5.4. Remove cleaning material in special metal boxes. 5.5. Hand over the metalworking machine to a replacement or foreman, report any malfunctions in the operation of the machine and the measures taken. 5.6. Wash your hands with soap and take a shower. It is not allowed to wash your hands with liquids intended for cooling the metalworking machine and wipe them with ends contaminated with shavings.
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