Restored photosensitivity of cells after the death of a donor. Free Technical Library News

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Restored photosensitivity of cells after the death of a donor

21.05.2022

Scientists at the John A. Moran Eye Center at the University of Utah have brought light-sensitive neuronal cells back to life in the eyes of organ donors and reconnected them.

The billions of neurons in the central nervous system transmit sensory information in the form of electrical signals. In the eyes, light is perceived by specialized neurons - photoreceptors. In this work, the researchers used retinas from organ donors hours after death as a model of the central nervous system to study how neurons die and find new ways to revive them.

"We were able to wake up photoreceptor cells in the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for our central vision and our ability to see fine details and colors," explains John A. Moran Eye Center researcher Fatima Abbas, Ph.D., lead author of the study. "In eyes obtained five hours after the death of an organ donor, these cells responded to bright light, colored lights, and even very dim flashes of light."

First, scientists were able to bring photoreceptors back to life. But by that time, the cells had lost the ability to communicate with other retinal cells. The reason, as determined by the team, is oxygen starvation. Scientists restored oxygenation and designed a device to stimulate the retina and measure the electrical activity of its cells. With this approach, the team was able to reconstruct a specific electrical signal - just like in the eye cells of a living person.

Until now, it has been impossible to get the cells in all the different layers of the central retina to communicate with each other in the way they normally do in the living retina, the authors note. In the future, with this new approach, scientists will be able to develop treatments to improve vision and light signaling in patients with age-related macular degeneration (an important part of the retina).

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