Instruction on labor protection for a wastewater treatment operator

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Instructions on labor protection for a wastewater treatment operator. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. The instruction on labor protection for a wastewater treatment operator is the main document that establishes for workers the rules of conduct at work and the requirements for the safe performance of work.

1.2. Knowledge of the Instructions on labor protection is mandatory for workers of all categories and skill groups, as well as their immediate supervisors.

1.3. The administration of the enterprise (workshop) is obliged to create conditions at the workplace that meet the rules for labor protection, provide workers with protective equipment and organize their study of this Instruction on labor protection.

Each enterprise must develop and communicate to all personnel safe routes through the territory of the enterprise to the place of work and evacuation plans in case of fire and emergency.

1.4. Each worker must:

comply with the requirements of this Instruction;
immediately report to your immediate supervisor, and in his absence, to a higher manager about the accident that has occurred and about all violations of the requirements of the Instruction that he has noticed, as well as about malfunctions of structures, equipment and protective devices;
be aware of personal responsibility for non-compliance with safety requirements;
keep the workplace and equipment clean and tidy;
ensure the safety of protective equipment, tools, devices, fire extinguishing equipment and documentation on labor protection at their workplace.

It is forbidden to carry out orders that contradict the requirements of this Instruction and the "Safety Rules for the Operation of Electrical Installations" (PTB) - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1987.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Persons not younger than 18 years of age who have passed a preliminary medical examination and who have no contraindications to perform the above work are allowed to work in this working profession.

2.2. A worker must undergo an introductory briefing upon hiring. Prior to being allowed to work independently, a worker must pass:

initial briefing at the workplace;
verification of knowledge of this Instruction on labor protection;
the current Instructions for rendering first aid to victims in connection with accidents during the maintenance of power equipment; on the use of protective equipment necessary for the safe performance of work;
PTB for workers who have the right to prepare a workplace, carry out admission, be a foreman, observer and member of the team to the extent that corresponds to the duties of responsible PTB persons;
vocational training programs.

2.3. Admission to independent work is issued by the appropriate order for the structural unit of the enterprise,

2.4. A newly hired worker is issued a qualification certificate, in which an appropriate entry must be made about checking knowledge of the instructions and rules specified in clause 2.2 and the right to perform special work.

The qualification certificate for on-duty personnel during the performance of official duties may be kept by the shop shift supervisor or with him in accordance with local conditions.

2.5. Workers who have not passed the knowledge test within the established time limits are not allowed to work independently.

2.6. The worker in the process of work must pass:

repeated briefings - at least once a quarter;
verification of knowledge of the instructions for labor protection and the current Instructions for providing first aid to victims in connection with accidents during the maintenance of power equipment once a year;
medical examination - once every two years;
checking knowledge on PTB for workers who have the right to prepare a workplace, carry out admission, be a foreman, supervisor or team member - once a year.

2.7. Persons who have received an unsatisfactory mark during the qualification test are not allowed to work independently and must undergo a second test no later than one month.

In case of violation of safety regulations, depending on the nature of the violation, an unscheduled briefing or an extraordinary test of knowledge should be carried out.

2.8. In the event of an accident, the worker is obliged to provide first aid to the victim before the arrival of medical personnel. In case of an accident with the worker himself, depending on the severity of the injury, he must seek medical help at a health center or provide first aid (self-help) to himself.

2.9. Each employee must know the location of the first aid kit and be able to use it.

2.10. Upon detection of faulty devices, tools and protective equipment, the worker informs his immediate supervisor.

It is forbidden to work with faulty devices, tools and protective equipment.

2.11. To avoid electric shock, do not step on or touch broken, hanging wires.

2.12. Failure to comply with the requirements of the Instruction on labor protection for a worker is considered as a violation of production discipline.

For violation of the requirements of the instructions, the worker is liable in accordance with applicable law.

2.13. The following dangerous and harmful production factors may occur in the operator's equipment service area: harmful substances used in the process of water treatment, which can cause poisoning and chemical burns; air pollution of the working area, which occurs during the chlorination of water, the pumping of ammonia, hydrazine hydrate and acids; increased dust content in the air of the working area when working with bulk chemicals.

2.14. To protect against exposure to hazardous and harmful factors, it is necessary to use appropriate protective equipment. When working with sulfuric acid, it is necessary to use: a suit made of acid-proof fabric, a rubberized apron, acid- and alkali-resistant rubber boots and gloves, acid-proof gloves, protective sealed goggles or a Plexiglas shield, filtering gas masks of grade B (yellow filter box), BKF (protective color filter box with a white vertical stripe), M (red filter box) or hose gas masks PSh-1, PSh-2.

When working with liquid chlorine, it is necessary to use: protective sealed goggles, rubber gloves, rubberized apron, rubber shoes; for protection against vapors of gaseous chlorine (in case of an accident) filter gas mask brand B (yellow filter box) or BKF (protective filter box with a white vertical stripe).

When working with caustic sodium, it is necessary to use: a cotton suit, alkali-resistant, goggles, rubber acid-alkali-resistant gloves, a rubberized apron and rubber acid-alkali-resistant boots.

When working with aqueous ammonia, it is necessary to use: an alkali-resistant cotton suit, rubber acid-alkali-resistant gloves, sealed goggles, a rubberized apron, rubber acid-alkali-resistant boots, filtering gas masks of the KD brand (filter box gray or gray with a white vertical stripe) or M (filter box red). ).

When working with sodium hypochlorite, personal protective equipment is the same as when working with chlorine.

When working with hydrazine hydrate and its salts, it is necessary to use: rubber boots and gloves, a suit with water-repellent impregnation, protective sealed goggles, a filtering gas mask brand A (brown filter box) or KD (gray filter box).

When staying in rooms with technological equipment (with the exception of control panels), it is necessary to wear a protective helmet to protect the head from being hit by random objects.

2.15. The operator must work in overalls and use protective equipment issued in accordance with current industry standards.

2.16. The following personal protective equipment must be issued to the operator free of charge in accordance with industry standards:

cotton suit with water-repellent impregnation (for 12 months);
rubber boots (on duty);
combined mittens (for 2 months);
rubber gloves (on duty);
respirator (before wear);
coarse-haired or acid-alkali-resistant suit - (on duty);
goggles - (before wear);
rubberized apron (for 6 months).

When issuing a double replaceable set of overalls, the wear period is doubled.

Depending on the nature of the work and the conditions of their production, the apparatchik must temporarily be given additional overalls and protective equipment for these conditions free of charge.

3. Safety requirements before starting work

3.1. Before accepting a shift, the operator must:

arrange the uniform. Sleeves and floors of overalls should be fastened with all buttons, hair should be removed under a helmet. Clothing must be tucked in so that there are no hanging ends or fluttering parts. Shoes should be closed and low heels. It is forbidden to roll up the sleeves of overalls;
bypass the serviced equipment along a certain route, check the safe condition of the equipment;
check and make sure that the supply and exhaust ventilation is working, that there are no vapors of aggressive liquids;
check at the workplace for the availability and serviceability of duty overalls and other protective equipment, neutralizing solutions, tools, an electric torch, fire extinguishing equipment, posters or safety signs;
check the locking of warehouses where toxic and aggressive substances are stored, the presence of appropriate clear inscriptions on containers and bottles with chemical reagents, and numbering on pipeline fittings;
check the presence and integrity of glassware, burettes, pipettes, the serviceability of electrical appliances and their grounding, instrumentation devices, the connection of conductometric control sensors for operating equipment, the condition of titration tables, the sufficiency of reagents and reagents, the absence of leakage of aggressive substances through fittings, the condition of passages and driveways, fences , rotating mechanisms, platforms, stairs, closing channels, the state of ventilation and the cleanliness of the workplace;
report to the senior on-duty personnel of the workshop about all observed violations of safety regulations.

3.2. It is forbidden:

test the equipment before accepting the shift;
come to work in a state of intoxication or drink alcohol during working hours;
leave the shift without registering the acceptance and delivery of the shift.

4. Safety requirements during work

4.1. Bypasses and inspections of equipment, the admission of repair personnel to work, as well as the performance of current work, the operator must carry out with the knowledge and permission of the higher duty personnel.

4.2. It is prohibited during the tour and inspection:

make any equipment changes;
jump over or climb over pipelines (to shorten the route). Passing through pipelines should only be in places where there are crossing bridges;
move in an unlit area without a flashlight;
Clean fixtures and replace burnt out bulbs.
in case of insufficient illumination of the workplace and the equipment being serviced due to burnout of the lamps, the operator must call the electrician on duty, and use an electric lamp before he arrives;
lean and stand on platform barriers, railings, protective covers of couplings and bearings, walk along pipelines, as well as structures and ceilings that are not intended for passage through them and do not have special handrails and fences;
be near water-indicating glasses, as well as near shut-off and safety valves and flanged connections of pipelines under pressure, if this is not caused by production necessity.

4.3. It is forbidden to operate mechanisms or devices in the absence or malfunction of the state of the enclosing devices.

4.4. Do not clean near machinery without safety guards or with loose guards.

4.5. It is forbidden to clean, wipe and lubricate rotating or moving parts of the mechanisms, as well as to put your hands behind the guard for lubrication and cleaning.

4.6. It is forbidden to repair the equipment without taking preventive measures against putting it into operation (starting the engine, supplying water, etc.).

4.7. When cleaning running machines, it is forbidden to wind the cleaning material around the hand or fingers.

4.8. When starting rotating machinery, keep a safe distance from them.

4.9. When pouring water on the control keys, they should be operated with dielectric gloves.

4.10. During operation, the operator must ensure that the protective (enclosing) covers are securely fastened to flange connections and pipelines installed on equipment in circuits with aggressive and toxic substances, since the majority of accidents occur due to the release of acids and alkalis through flange connections and poor quality welding seams on pressure pipelines.

4.11. If faulty pipeline fittings are found, it is necessary to report this to your higher duty personnel.

It is forbidden for the apparatchik to arbitrarily replace the glands of the pipeline fittings.

4.12. The operator must use in his work only lifting mechanisms to which he is admitted and which indicate the inventory number, carrying capacity and the date of the next technical examination. The slings used in the process of work must have a tag or brand, which must indicate the number of the sling, its carrying capacity and the date of the test.

It is forbidden to use lifting mechanisms with an expired inspection date, as well as slings that do not have tags or stamps.

Slings with broken strands, burns, dents, twists and other damage should not be used for lifting loads.

When lifting a load, in order to prevent the slings from falling out of the mouth of the hook, the latter must be closed with a lock.

Ropes or chains must be applied evenly to the load to be lifted, without knots and twists.

Before lifting, the load must be raised to a height of no more than 300 mm to check the correctness of the line, the uniformity of the tension of the lines; only after that the load should be lifted to the required height; to correct the wrong line, the load must be lowered.

It is forbidden to leave the load suspended. In the event of a malfunction of the mechanism, when it is impossible to lower the load, the place under the suspended load must be fenced off and prohibition posters or safety signs should be posted.

It is forbidden to move goods in case of insufficient illumination of the workplace.

4.13. When performing work using a shovel, attention should be paid to the strength of the handle in the holder. The cuttings must be smooth.

The crowbars used in the work should be straight with drawn and pointed ends.

4.14. The dimensions of the opening (grip) of the used wrenches should not exceed the dimensions of the faces of the elements being tightened (heads of bolts, nuts) by more than 0,3 mm. If there is a gap between the planes of the jaws and the heads of bolts or nuts, no gaskets are allowed.

Extension of wrenches with additional levers, second wrenches or pipes is prohibited. When working with wrenches, avoid breaking the wrench.

4.15. When opening and closing the valve, do not use levers that extend the arm of the handle or flywheel, which are not provided for by the current Operating Instructions for the valve.

When closing and opening the valve, be careful not to break the device used from the valve handwheel.

4.16. Glass containers (bottles, flasks, flasks), both empty and filled with samples or chemical reagents, should be carried in a special box with cells or in a bucket.

It is forbidden to carry flasks, flasks and bottles in hands.

4.17. Bottles with aggressive substances should be transported over short distances within the workplace in baskets with two handles by at least two people after a preliminary check of the strength of the handles and the bottom of the basket.

4.18. Concentrated acids and alkalis should be stored in glass bottles with ground stoppers, the stoppers are tied to the neck of the bottles. Bottles are stored in a separate room, they are placed on the floor in baskets or wooden crates. The necks of the bottles should be labeled with the inscription.

4.19. Spilled acids and alkalis should be covered with sand, then the sand should be removed from the room and only after neutralization should be cleaned. Neutralize with a solution of soda ash.

4.20. If acid gets on the skin or eyes, immediately wash it off with a plentiful stream of water, then rinse with a XNUMX% solution of baking soda, and then report the incident to the shift supervisor.

4.21. In case of contact with the skin or eyes of alkali, it must be washed off with a plentiful stream of water and rinsed with a three percent solution of boric acid.

4.22. Before and during work in an underground structure or in a tank, natural or forced ventilation must be provided.

Do not ventilate with oxygen.

If natural or forced ventilation does not ensure the complete removal of harmful substances, descent into an underground structure or reservoir is only allowed in a gas mask.

4.23. It is forbidden to work in underground structures or tanks with a water level in them of more than 200 mm (above floor level), as well as at a water temperature above 45°C.

In the presence of water (liquid medium), it is necessary to use rubber shoes.

4.24. Work inside underground structures or tanks, as well as their periodic inspections, should be carried out as part of a team of three people, of which two people should be at the hatch and monitor the condition of the working and air intake pipe of the hose gas mask.

4.25. Flange connections of pipelines intended for the supply of caustic liquids (solutions of acids and alkalis) must be closed with metal casings.

4.26. Pipelines, pumps and other pressure equipment must be equipped with serviceable pressure gauges with a limit pressure mark.

4.27. If fistulas are found in pipelines or tanks (reservoirs) with caustic substances, the operator must immediately inform the shift supervisor, determine the danger zone, stop all work in it, remove personnel from it, fence off this zone and post safety signs "No passage", "Dangerous ! Dangerous area".

4.28. Smoking on the territory of treatment facilities is allowed only in specially designated areas.

4.29. The admission of repair personnel to work must be carried out by the apparatchik at the workplace of the brigade. Together with the manager and foreman, he must check the readiness of the equipment for repair, paying special attention to the reliability of its drainage and shutdown.

5. Safety requirements upon completion of work

5.1. At the end of the shift, the operator must:

complete all work on switching equipment, current work, inspections and walk-arounds (except for emergency cases) and operations for pumping reagents, to transfer the shift to the shifter;
remove the workplace and fixed equipment. In order to avoid fire or explosion, it is forbidden to use flammable and combustible substances (kerosene, gasoline, acetone, etc.) when cleaning;
inform the receiving shift about the mode of operation of the equipment and its condition, about all the comments and malfunctions that occurred during the shift, where and in what composition the teams work on the equipment according to orders and instructions;
report on the delivery of the shift to the higher duty personnel and issue operational documentation.

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