Instructions for labor protection when working with laser devices

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when working with laser devices

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. Individuals who are at least 18 years old, have completed higher and secondary medical education, have certificates of completion of a special training course, have been trained in occupational safety in accordance with GOST 12.0.004-79, and have Group 1 in electrical safety* are allowed to work independently on laser systems.

* Instead of GOST 12.0.004-79, Resolution of the USSR State Standard of November 5, 1990 No. 2797 approved and put into effect GOST 12.0.004-90

1.2. Personnel working on laser medical equipment must undergo mandatory preliminary upon employment and periodic medical examinations in accordance with Order of the USSR Ministry of Health dated June 19, 1984 No. 700.

See Order of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation dated March 14.03.96, 90 No. XNUMX “On the procedure for conducting preliminary and periodic examinations of workers and medical regulations for admission to the profession”

1.3. Personnel working on laser medical equipment must comply with the internal labor regulations of the institution.

1.4. In areas where work is carried out on laser medical devices, current fire safety regulations must be observed. Blocking passages and cluttering the premises is not allowed*.

1.5. Eating and smoking in the workplace is prohibited. For eating, it is necessary to equip special rooms.

1.6. Personnel working on laser medical equipment must be provided with sanitary clothing, sanitary footwear and safety equipment in accordance with the current Standards approved by the USSR Ministry of Health*.

1.7. To wash your hands, there should be sufficient soap and clean towels (electric towels) in the washbasins.

1.8. The victim or eyewitness must notify the appropriate manager of every accident related to production or work. The manager must organize first aid for the victim, his delivery to a medical institution, inform the head of the institution, the occupational safety engineer or the person performing his functions, and the trade union committee about the incident, preserve for investigation the situation at the workplace and the condition of the equipment as it was. at the time of the incident, if this does not threaten the life and health of surrounding workers and does not lead to an accident.

1.9. When working with laser devices, personnel may be exposed to dangerous and harmful production factors:

laser radiation (direct, reflected and scattered);
substances released and formed during the operation of the apparatus;
high electrical voltage in the power circuits.

1.10. Maximum permissible levels (MPL) of laser radiation must comply with the current “Sanitary standards and rules for the design and operation of lasers” No. 2382-81.

1.11. The passport for each laser device has a section with a detailed description of the safety and health measures that must be ensured, and also indicates the laser hazard class.

1.12. The internal surface of the room in which the laser device is located must be matte, ensuring the scattering of accidentally incident laser radiation, and objects located in this room must not have specularly reflective surfaces.

1.13. In rooms with laser devices, where the formation of ozone, nitrogen oxides and other harmful gases, vapors and aerosols is possible, supply and exhaust ventilation must be provided to ensure that their content in the air is reduced to a concentration acceptable by sanitary standards.

1.14. Illumination (natural and artificial) must correspond to optimal values determined by the relevant instructions for certain premises of medical institutions in accordance with SNiP II-69-78 "Medical and preventive institutions" *.

1.15. The organization of work with laser medical devices, supervision of the implementation of “Sanitary norms and rules for the design and operation of lasers” No. 2382-81 and safety instructions is carried out by the head of the structural unit where these works are carried out in accordance with the order of the USSR Ministry of Health No. 862 dated September 30.09.82. 'XNUMX

1.16. Persons who fail to comply with or violate labor safety instructions are subject to disciplinary action in accordance with internal labor regulations and, if necessary, an extraordinary test of knowledge on labor safety issues.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before turning on the device, you must make sure that there is grounding, check the presence of dielectric mats at work places and the external condition of the insulation of connecting electrical cables.

2.2. Make sure the ventilation system is working properly.

2.3. Make sure that the laser devices have locking systems in place.

2.4. Make sure that the laser devices are in good working order and that there is radiation from the main and target lasers.

2.5. Take the necessary measures to prevent laser radiation from entering the eyes, the skin of operating personnel, mirror, metal and glass surfaces, tiled walls, as well as flammable materials.

2.6. Personnel working with laser medical devices are required to use the necessary personal protective equipment in accordance with the requirements determined by the laser hazard class.

2.7. Warning signs “Danger!”, “Laser radiation!” must be installed on the doors of the premises. in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 "SSBT. Signal colors and safety signs."

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. If necessary (in cases of possible exceeding of the maximum permissible limit at workplaces), it is necessary to use personal or collective protective equipment in accordance with “Sanitary standards and rules for the design and operation of lasers” No. 2382-81.

3.2. During work it is forbidden:

1) disconnect the cable connecting the optical unit and the power supply;

2) use explosive drugs;

3) open the covers of the device;

4) work without dielectric mats;

5) work without protective grounding;

6) direct the laser beam at metal and glass surfaces, as well as objects with specularly reflective surfaces.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Caution must be exercised when working with high-power laser radiation, as flammable materials may be ignited if the radiation hits them.

4.2. In the event of an accident, personnel must:

in the event of a short circuit or break in the power supply systems, turn off the main power switch in the room and call the person responsible for operating the equipment in the room;
If a person is injured by electric shock or other injuries, act in accordance with the instructions “First aid for victims of electric shock and other accidents”;
If communication systems for water supply, heating and ventilation break down, preventing the performance of medical operations or procedures, stop work until the emergency is eliminated, inform the head of the department and take measures to prevent possible accidents.

4.3. If the power supply is interrupted, personnel must turn off the equipment and call the person responsible for electrical installations.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. After finishing work (shift), you need to put your workplace and equipment in order, turning off the ventilation and lighting when leaving.

5.2. About all shortcomings and malfunctions found during operation, the personnel must make appropriate entries in the maintenance log and inform the administration.

Notes:

clause 1.1. GOST 12.0.004-90 "SSBT. Organization of occupational safety exposure" is valid. General provisions.
clause 1.4. The “Fire Safety Rules for Healthcare Institutions” (PPBO 07-91), approved by Order of the USSR Ministry of Health dated August 30.08.91, 250 No. XNUMX, are in effect.
clause 1.6. the Order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated January 29, 1988 No. 65 "On the introduction of industry standards for the free issue of overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment, as well as sanatorium overalls and sanitary footwear" is in force.
clause 1.14. SNiP 2.08.02-89 is in force. "Public buildings" with changes and "Handbook for the design of health care institutions" to it, developed by Gipronizdrav, 1989

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