Instruction on labor protection for the driver of a car with installed removable equipment of the sand and salt distributor

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Instruction on labor protection for the driver of a car with installed removable equipment of the sand and salt distributor. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

General labor protection requirements

1. Individuals under the age of 18 who have passed a medical examination and have a driver's license for the right to drive a car of the appropriate category and a ticket for it are allowed to work independently as a driver of a car with installed removable equipment of a sand and salt distributor (hereinafter referred to as the driver).

2. Drivers are allowed to perform work after undergoing special training, introductory briefing and initial briefing at the workplace, which is repeated at least once every 3 months, internships, annual testing of knowledge on labor protection issues. Newly hired drivers undergo an internship in the amount of at least 5 shifts, followed by a knowledge test for admission to independent work.

3. The driver must:

comply with the internal labor regulations;
follow the rules of the road;
keep the car in a complete and technically sound condition, as well as check its technical condition before driving;
maintain a set of hand tools for emergency car repairs in good condition;
perform only the work that is entrusted to the immediate supervisor of the work;
for siphoning and purging the power system, use special devices (pumps);
comply with the work production technology, apply methods that ensure labor safety, established in the labor protection instructions and the vehicle operation manual;
maintain the workplace in accordance with the requirements of labor protection;
use the tool, fixtures, inventory for its intended purpose, report their malfunctions to the work manager;
know the location and be able to use primary fire extinguishing equipment;
observe the rules of personal hygiene;
know and comply with the requirements of labor protection instructions and the operation manual for the sand and salt spreader;
know the purpose, device, principle of operation and operation of units, mechanisms and instruments of serviced vehicles; rules for the technical operation of vehicles; causes, methods for detecting and eliminating faults that have arisen during the operation of the car; the procedure for maintenance and the rules for storing cars in garages and open parking lots; rules for the operation of batteries and car tires; rules for running new cars and after major repairs; the impact of weather conditions on the safety of driving a car;
undergo appropriate theoretical and practical training and be able to provide first aid to victims of accidents and traffic accidents;
if necessary, ensure the delivery (escort) of the victim to a medical institution;
in accordance with the nature of the work performed, correctly use the personal protective equipment provided to him, and in case of their absence or malfunction, notify the immediate supervisor:
drivers are provided with the following personal protective equipment in accordance with the Model Industry Standards for the free issuance of personal protective equipment to employees engaged in the operation, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles, construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of roads, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus of December 8 2005 N 166 (National Register of Legal Acts of the Republic of Belarus, 2006 N 10,8 / 13638):
during the operation, maintenance and technical repair of a special-purpose automobile vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a special vehicle):
a cotton suit with a wear period of 12 months, a signal vest with elements of reflective material with a wear time until wear out, a cotton headdress with a wear time of 12 months, leather boots with oil and petrol resistant soles with a wear time of 12 months, combined mittens with a wear time until wear out ;

with constant transportation of dusty goods:

a suit made of cotton dust-proof fabric with a wearing period of 12 months, a signal vest with elements made of retroreflective material with a wear-out period, a headdress made of cotton dust-proof fabric with a wearing period of 12 months, dust-proof leather boots with a wearing period of 12 months, combined dust-proof gloves with a wear-to-wear socks, goggles with a wear-to-wear-out period, a respirator with a wear-out period;

in the cold season during the operation, maintenance and technical repair of a special vehicle additionally:

a suit for protection against low temperatures made of cotton fabric with a wearing period of 36 months, insulated tarpaulin boots with oil and petrol resistant soles with a wearing period of 24 months;

when working under an automobile vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a car) installed on an inspection ditch and (or) hung out on a lifting mechanism, additionally:

a protective helmet with a period of wear on duty;
when working with a percussion tool additionally:
protective goggles or a protective face shield with a wearing period until wear out.

4. The driver is prohibited:

appear and stay on the territory of the organization in a state of alcoholic, narcotic or toxic intoxication, with residual effects of intoxication;
drive a car in a sick state, with overwork, alcohol, narcotic or toxic intoxication, with residual effects of intoxication;
drink alcohol, use toxic or narcotic substances on the flight, in places of rest and work on the track;
start the engine by towing the car;
start work when fuel and oil leak from the systems and units of the car;
drive a car in a sick or tired state, under the influence of drugs that reduce attention and speed of reaction, as well as transfer control of a car to a person in such a state;
use the car for personal purposes;
drive a car not assigned to the driver;
rest and sleep in the cab with the engine running, use it to heat the cab during long periods of parking;
when purging the power system or pouring fuel, suck it in by mouth;
store fuel and other flammable liquids, oily cleaning materials in the cab of the vehicle;
leave your place or leave the car, unless measures are taken to prevent spontaneous movement of the car.

5. It is allowed to smoke only in places specially designated for this, smoking in undesignated places and the use of open fire in places where cars are refueled with fuel and oil are not allowed.

6. A driver may be involved in the repair and maintenance of a car if his qualifications correspond to the characteristics of the work performed or if he has an appropriate related profession.

7. The driver may be affected by dangerous and harmful production factors:

moving machines and mechanisms, transported goods;
cramped working conditions during the repair and adjustment of vehicle systems and components;
harmful substances (antifreeze, antifreeze, etc.) with which the driver is in contact when servicing the car;
increased gas content and air humidity of the working area;
reduced air temperature of the working area;
increased noise and vibration levels;
insufficient visibility of the working area from the driver's cab;
neuropsychic overload.

8. The driver must immediately inform the work manager or the dispatcher about cases of injury.

9. A driver who does not comply with the requirements of this Standard Instruction is held liable in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus.

Occupational safety requirements before starting work

10. Check the serviceability of the personal protective equipment required to perform the work. Put on special clothes, special shoes and other personal protective equipment;

check the serviceability of systems, units, devices, components and parts of the car that affect traffic safety, including:
engine, steering, brake system;
suspension, wheels and tires;
rear-view mirrors, glass, windshield wipers and windshield washers, glass heating and blowing devices;
outdoor lighting devices, light and sound alarms;
speedometer, anti-theft devices;
body or cabin door locks;
constipation of the necks of tanks and plugs of fuel tanks;
mechanism for adjusting the position of the driver's seat;
flashing orange beacon on the car.

Carry out the check with the wheels locked.

Before testing and testing the brakes on the stand, take measures to prevent the vehicle from rolling off the stand rollers. Testing and testing of the brakes on the move should be carried out on a site, the dimensions of which should exclude the possibility of a car colliding with people, buildings in the event of a brake failure.

11. Check the completeness of the car. The vehicle must be equipped with:

a set of serviceable tools and devices;
a jack of the required carrying capacity, a lining under the heel of the jack with a size equal to two to three times the area of the heel of the jack;
at least two wheel chocks (shoes) for placing under the wheels;
first aid kit;
warning triangle or flashing red light;
fire extinguisher.

12. Get a task from the work manager or dispatcher.

13. Pass a pre-trip medical examination.

14. Obtain from the person responsible for the release of cars on the line, a waybill with notes on the technical serviceability of the car and the passage of a pre-trip medical examination, indicating the route and mode of operation of the driver.

15. Having received the waybill, check the correctness of its filling, familiarize yourself with the task, confirm the vehicle's serviceability with your signature.

16. Attach road signs "Other hazards", "Ejection of gravel" to the rear of the implements.

17. Before starting the engine, brake the car with a parking brake, put the gear lever in neutral position.

18. Check the condition of the capacity of the sand and salt distributor (the body of the sand and salt distributor), the practical operation of the spreading mechanisms at idle.

Occupational safety requirements during work

19. When two or more vehicles are operating, the distance between them must be at least 20 m.

20. Before raising and lowering attachments, make sure that there is no danger to pedestrians and other equipment.

21. Not allowed:

transfer control of the car to other persons;
carry out snow removal in areas with stones, metal objects, wire;
to repair a car raised on jacks without special supports (tragus).

22. It is not allowed to use open fire to heat the engine and power supply system of the car.

23. The distribution of anti-icing bulk mixtures and liquid brine should be carried out only in the places indicated by the foreman or dispatcher on duty.

24. Before starting the spread, turn on the signal beacon, select the speed of movement when spreading the sand-salt mixture depending on the terrain and situation.

25. When loading the sand-salt mixture with the help of a forklift, submit the car for loading at the signal of the driver of the forklift.

26. Drive away from the forklift after loading at the signal of the forklift driver.

27. Make sure that there are no unauthorized persons in the danger zone of the vehicle.

28. During work, move in the general traffic flow with the beacon turned on, do not scatter in crowded places of people and equipment.

29. Repair work on the car with the equipment of the sand and salt distributor should be carried out only in stationary conditions.

30. When maintaining and repairing the sand and salt spreader, the following must be observed:

do not lubricate, fasten and adjust while the engine is running;
do not leave the car with the engine running;
work only with a serviceable tool;
It is forbidden to carry out any kind of repair work on a pressurized hydraulic system.

31. It is forbidden to be in the hopper and on the technological ladder during the application of materials and while the machine is moving.

Occupational safety requirements for the repair and maintenance of a car

32. On the line it is allowed to carry out repair and maintenance work of the car that does not require the use of special tools, equipment and fixtures. The types of work on the repair and maintenance of the car that the driver can perform on the line are determined by the employer.

33. Before starting work, it is necessary to undergo an appropriate briefing on labor protection, familiarize yourself with the technological documentation for repair and maintenance, and the operational documents of the vehicle manufacturer.

34. In order to avoid an accident, it is prohibited to perform work of increased danger without undergoing special training and testing knowledge on labor protection issues, including:

for processing materials on metalworking and woodworking machines, abrasive and elbor tools;
accumulator, vulcanizing, press-forging, painting, welding, tire fitting works;
using manual electric and pneumatic machines, hydraulic and electric car lifts, electric hoists and other lifting machines.

35. When repairing and maintaining a car, observe the safety requirements established in the relevant labor protection instructions, technological documentation for the repair and maintenance of a car, operational documents of the car manufacturer.

36. Submit the car to the maintenance and repair posts in a clean and dry condition.

37. Wash cars at specially designated washing posts.

38. Placement at the post of maintenance and repair shall be carried out under the guidance of an official responsible for the repair and maintenance of vehicles.

39. After putting the car on the floor post of maintenance and repair:

securely fix the car by installing wheel chocks under the wheels;
brake with a parking brake, while setting the gearshift lever to neutral position;
on cars with a gasoline engine, turn off the ignition, and on cars with a diesel engine, shut off the fuel supply, turn off the car mass button;
on the steering wheel and the backup device for starting the engine (if such a device is available), hang a sign with the inscription: "Do not start the engine! People are working!".

40. Before starting work on repairing a car installed on an inspection ditch:

check the correct installation of the wheels in relation to the guides;
put the car on the parking brake and install wheel chocks under the wheels;
make sure that there is free access to the ditch from the side of the entrance ladder and emergency exit, that the ladder and the floor grate in the ditch are in good condition;
close all gas tanks with fireproof covers (before welding).

41. Before lifting the front or rear of the car with a jack, stop the engine, brake the car with a parking brake, install wheel chocks under the non-lifting wheels, remove people from the cab and (or) the body of the truck, close the doors, sides.

When hanging the car on a dirt surface, it is necessary to level the jack installation site, put a lining on which to install the jack.

It is not allowed to place random objects under the jack.

42. Before hanging the car using a jack to remove the wheel, brake the car with a parking brake, turn on the first gear and put wheel chocks under the non-lifting wheels to prevent the car from rolling, loosen the wheel nuts, then hang the wheel with a jack, unscrew the nuts and remove the wheel.

43. When hanging a part of the car with lifting mechanisms (jacks, hoists), first place wheel chocks under the non-lifting wheels, hang the car, place the trestle under the hanging part and lower the car on them.

44. Do not work under a vehicle that is on an incline.

45. When performing repair and maintenance work, at least two wheel chocks are installed under the wheels of the car.

46. Drain oil and water from the vehicle's units only in a special container. Sprinkle accidentally spilled fuels and lubricants with sawdust or dry sand and remove to a specially designated place.

47. When performing work under the car, they should be placed between the wheels along the car, use sunbeds, rugs or wooden grates.

48. Before carrying out work related to the rotation of the crankshaft and cardan shaft, additionally check the ignition off (shut off the fuel supply for diesel vehicles), the neutral position of the gear lever, and release the parking brake lever.

After performing the necessary work, brake the car with the parking brake.

It is not allowed to turn the cardan shaft with a crowbar and a mounting blade.

49. Before removing the units and parts associated with the power supply, cooling and lubrication systems of the car, when liquid leakage is possible, first drain the fuel, oil and coolant from them into a special container, preventing them from spilling onto the floor.

50. When removing and installing units (rear and front axles, springs, when removing wheels), install special metal tragus under the car frame.

51. Remove and install the springs only after their preliminary unloading from the mass of the body by hanging the body with the installation of trestles under it or the car frame.

Check the coincidence of the hole of the eye of the spring and the earring with the help of a beard or mandrel.

52. To lift, remove and install units, parts and assemblies of a car weighing more than 15 kg, use serviceable lifting and transport mechanisms equipped with special devices (grabs).

53. Not allowed:

perform any work on a car, trailer, semi-trailer, and also be under them if they are hung out only on one lifting mechanism without installing a special stand (tragus);
be in the inspection ditch, under the overpass when moving vehicles along them, leave tools and parts on the edges of the inspection ditch;
place wheel rims, bricks and other random objects under a posted car, trailer, semi-trailer instead of special stands (tragus);
work under a raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without a special additional stop, as well as with damaged or incorrectly installed stops;
use random coasters and pads instead of a special stop;
start the engine and move the car with the body raised;
carry out repair work under the raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without first releasing it from the load.

54. Transportation of units, parts and assemblies of a car weighing more than 15 kg should be carried out on special carts with racks and stops that protect units, parts and assemblies from falling and spontaneous movement along the platform.

55. Collect the used cleaning material in metal boxes with lids specially installed for this purpose.

56. When carrying out repair and maintenance of gas-balloon vehicles, it is necessary to turn off the ignition and raise the hood.

57. Inflate tires with compressed air only in a special fence (cage), while making sure that the lock ring is completely in the lock groove of the disc, and when performing this operation on the line, put the wheel with the lock ring on the ground.

58. Inflate tires in two stages: first to a pressure of 0,05 MPa (0,5 kg / sq. cm) with checking the position of the key ring, then to the maximum pressure prescribed by the vehicle's technical passport.

59. Before filling the engine cooling system with antifreeze, check if there are any leaks in the cooling system, and if any, eliminate it, flush the cooling system with clean water.

Take measures to prevent the ingress of oil products (gasoline, diesel fuel, oil) into the antifreeze.

60. Refuel the engine cooling system with antifreeze only using a special container (bucket with a spout, tank, funnel), cleaned of solid deposits, rust, oil residues, washed with an alkaline solution and steamed, having the inscription: "Only for antifreeze." Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after filling.

61. Work under the car with the use of a percussion tool should be carried out in protective goggles (protective face shields).

To protect the head from mechanical damage when working under a vehicle mounted on an inspection ditch, hung on a lifting mechanism, use a protective helmet.

Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

62. In the event of a malfunction of the car on the way, in which it is prohibited to participate in road traffic, stop moving, turn on the emergency light alarm.

63. When troubleshooting, observe the safety requirements established for repair and maintenance in the relevant labor protection instructions, technological documentation for the repair and maintenance of the car, operational documents of the car manufacturer.

64. It is not allowed to involve in the repair of a car on a section of the road persons who do not have the right to do so (loaders, accompanying persons, passengers and other persons).

65. In the absence of the necessary devices and tools, repairs are prohibited.

If the movement of a vehicle with technical malfunctions is not prohibited by traffic rules, turn on the hazard warning lights and proceed to the place of parking or repair, observing the necessary precautions to ensure road safety.

If it is impossible to move, inform the organization that owns the car or the nearest emergency technical service.

66. If the smell of automobile fuel appears while driving, immediately stop the car, identify the cause of the smell and eliminate it.

67. If a fire breaks out in a car, immediately stop it, turn off the engine and start extinguishing the fire with a fire extinguisher or other primary fire extinguishing equipment.

68. In the event of a fire in the parking area or on the territory of the organization, evacuate the car in accordance with the developed evacuation plan.

69. In the event of an accident, the necessary measures should be taken immediately to provide the victim with pre-hospital medical care, deliver the victim to a healthcare organization, inform the bodies of the State Automobile Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus about the traffic accident.

Occupational safety requirements at the end of work

70. After arriving from the line, inspect the car according to the list of operations established by the operation manual for this car.

Clean the car of dirt and remnants of anti-icing materials by first putting it on the handbrake and turning off the engine.

71. Notify the person responsible for the technical condition and operation of vehicles about all detected malfunctions, breakdowns and damages.

72. Put the car in the place designated for parking, taking measures to exclude the possibility of starting the engine by unauthorized persons, close the cab with a lock.

73. In all cases, after parking the car, turn off the ignition (fuel supply) and disconnect the ground (if there is a switch), brake the car with the parking brake.

74. In the cold season, when placing the car in an open parking lot, drain the water from the car's cooling system.

75. After completing all work, remove personal protective equipment, place them in a storage place, wash hands and face with warm water and soap, take a shower if possible.

76. Washing hands in oil, gasoline, kerosene and wiping them with contaminated rags is not allowed.

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