|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for an installer of external pipelines. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General provisions 1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise. 1.2. According to these instructions, the installer of external pipelines (hereinafter referred to as the installer) is instructed before starting work (initial instruction), and then every 3 months (re-instruction). The results of the briefing are recorded in the "Journal of registration of briefings on labor protection issues". In the journal, after passing the briefing, there must be the signatures of the instructing person and the installer. 1.3. The owner must insure the installer against accidents and occupational diseases. In case of damage to the health of the installer due to the fault of the owner, he (the installer) has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him. 1.4. For non-compliance with this instruction, the installer bears disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability. 1.5. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination and have no medical contraindications, have undergone professional training and have the appropriate qualifications are allowed to work as an installer of external pipelines; passed an introductory briefing on labor protection, a briefing at the workplace and a briefing on fire safety. 1.6. The installer must: 1.6.1. Comply with internal labor regulations. 1.6.2. Be attentive to the signals of moving machines and mechanisms. 1.6.3. Perform only the work that is assigned by the work manager and in which he is instructed. 1.6.4. Keep unauthorized persons out of the work area. 1.6.5. Do not clutter up your workspace. 1.6.6. Do not follow instructions that are contrary to the rules of labor protection. 1.6.7. Know how to provide first aid to victims of accidents. 1.6.8. Be familiar with the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. 1.6.9. Remember personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and responsibility for colleagues. 1.6.10. Use overalls and personal protective equipment. 1.7. The main dangerous and harmful production factors that affect the installer:
1.8. The installer is provided with overalls and personal protective equipment in accordance with the collective agreement (agreement). 1.9. In the case of combining work on gas, electric welding, slinging work, the installer must have the appropriate certificates and be instructed in these types of work. 1.10. When performing earthworks, the installer must be instructed in this type of work (instruction for the excavator). 1.11. Before the construction of external pipelines for water supply, sewerage, gas pipelines, it is necessary to mark the route, which is carried out in accordance with the project for the execution of works and the execution of earthworks in accordance with section 9 of SNiP III-4-80 “Safety in construction”. 1.12. Installation of pipelines in prepared trenches includes the following operations: 1.12.1. Cleaning the bottom and walls of trenches. 1.12.2. Preparation of a pit in places of welding and isolation of joints. 1.12.3. Construction of the foundation for the pipeline. 1.12.4. Execution of the bottom of wells and chambers. 1.12.5. Descent of pipes into trenches. 1.12.6. Assembly and welding of closing joints. 1.12.7. Installation of fittings and fittings. 1.12.8. Air purge. 1.12.9. Preliminary test. 1.12.10. Joint insulation. 1.12.11. Backfilling of the pipeline. 1.13. When carrying out earthworks on roads, driveways, in the yards of settlements, it is necessary to install a continuous fence from inventory boards. Warning signs and light signs must be posted on the fence. It is necessary to provide measures for the removal of atmospheric water. 1.14. When working with insulating and sealing materials, the installer must be instructed in the rules of labor protection during their preparation and use. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Receive a task from the work manager and familiarize yourself with the work execution plan (PWR). 2.2. Check and put on overalls and personal protective equipment. 2.3. Check the availability and serviceability of tools, lifting devices and other equipment. 2.4. Check the condition of the slopes and the reliability of the fastening of the walls of the trenches. 2.5. Make sure there is no water in the trench. Laying pipelines in a trench filled with water is allowed at a water depth of not more than 0,3 m, at a greater depth the water must be pumped out. 2.6. Make sure that the mechanisms are installed securely, the cables are fastened to the pipelines, and that there are no obstacles for their free movement when laying pipelines through water barriers, tunnels. 2.7. Free up passages to the installation site, free them from debris, and in winter from ice and snow. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. The installation of pipelines shall be carried out in accordance with the PVR after checking the compliance with the design of the dimensions of the trenches, fastening of the walls, bottom marks, and in case of ground laying - supporting structures. The results of the check are reflected in the work progress log. 3.2. Installation of pipelines and fittings that were in operation is allowed only if there is an act that confirms the absence of remnants of technological products in them and which gives permission to perform work. 3.3. The sections taken out to the route and the welded threads of the pipelines are placed along the trench for preparatory work (docking, cleaning, tacking) at a distance of at least 1,5 m from the side surface of the pipe to the edge of the trench in the absence of a slope towards the trench. Otherwise, the pipes are laid on the other side of the excavated soil. 3.4. When laying pipes intended for domestic water supply, surface and waste water should not be allowed to enter them. 3.5. The welded sections are laid on special linings (beds) or rollers made of compacted soil, excluding their subsidence and spontaneous displacement. The sunbeds are laid in such a way that they overlap the trench, and their ends are located from the edge of the trench at a distance that excludes the possibility of collapse of the walls of the trench. 3.6. When installing fittings, check the alignment of the bolt holes using a mandrel and mounting crowbars. Doing this with your fingers is not allowed. Special wire hooks should be used to refuel gaskets for flange connections. 3.7. The tightening of the bolts (studs) is carried out evenly with alternate tightening of the nuts arranged crosswise with the flanges parallel. Aligning the misalignment of the flanges by unevenly tightening the bolts (studs) and eliminating the gap between the flanges using wedge-shaped gaskets or washers is prohibited. 3.8. When laying pipes on straight sections of the route, the connected ends of adjacent pipes must be centered so that the width of the socket slot is the same along the entire perimeter. 3.9. It is necessary to turn pipes over when centering and welding joints with special pipe wrenches. 3.10. In places where curvilinear inserts, coils and stop valves are installed, the trench must be increased by 1,25 m on both sides of the pipeline in a section of at least 3 m in length. Under the butt welding of the pipeline, it is necessary to arrange a pit with a depth of 0,5 m. Perform work in the presence and under the direct supervision of the work manager. 3.11. In the case of welding inside the pipeline, ventilation must be provided. It is forbidden to simultaneously perform work for a gas welder and an electric welder inside the pipelines. 3.12. If it is necessary to weld inside a pipe or pipeline, as well as when welding outside after rain or snowfall, the welder, in addition to overalls, must use dielectric gloves, galoshes, a rug, as well as a dielectric helmet. 3.13. The free ends of the pipelines to be installed, as well as the openings in the flanges of shut-off and other valves during breaks in work, must be closed with plugs or wooden plugs. 3.14. Laying the pipe in the trench is carried out by pipelayers, as well as cranes. Lifting machines and mechanisms must be located at a distance of at least 1 m from the edge of the trench. 3.15. The bottom of the trench before laying pipes must be cleared of collapsed soil. If the collapse occurred during the lowering of the pipeline, then it is allowed to remove the soil only after special beds are placed under the pipeline across the trench, ensuring a reliable and stable position of the pipeline. The ends of the sunbeds should extend beyond the edge of the trench by at least 1 m. 3.16. Before signaling to raise a section, make sure that: 3.16.1. The section is securely slinged and is not held by anything. 3.16.2. There are no earth, stones, ice and other foreign objects inside the section. 3.16.3. There are no people in the range of the boom of the crane or pipelayer. Signals must be given by a foreman or a pipe-laying slinger assigned to this job. 3.17. When moving pipes and assembled sections with an anti-corrosion coating, soft tongs, flexible towels and other means should be used to prevent damage to this coating. 3.18. To lift and move sections of pipelines in a horizontal position, at least two slings or special traverses should be used. 3.19. When lowering pipes into trenches with reinforced walls, it is not allowed to remove the spacers. With the permission and under the direct supervision of the work manager, it is allowed to remove individual spacers, but subject to simultaneous re-fastening. 3.20. It is not allowed to lay or support pipes, fittings and other loads on the trench fastening struts. 3.21. When lifting and lowering pipes and fittings weighing more than 250 kg, only steel cables should be used for slinging. It is forbidden to use hemp cables or ropes for this. 3.22. Cast-iron pipes with a diameter of up to 250 mm and sewer pipes of small cross section can be manually lowered into the trench only with a rope. 3.23. The use of spliced steel cables and hemp ropes for lowering pipes into the trench is not allowed. 3.24. When lowering a cast-iron pipe with a diameter of more than 600 mm manually along the slope of the trench, the ends of the cable must be securely fixed on the opposite side of the trench. 3.25. When lowering a socket pipe into a trench, the cable must be fixed as close as possible to the socket (to the center of gravity). To prevent the cable from slipping, the pipes should be lowered into the trench with the socket up. 3.26. When lifting and lowering heavy reinforcement into the trench, the slings must be applied to the reinforcement body; do not put slings on the rods or flywheels. 3.27. Light pipes and fittings should be lowered into the trench, passing them from hand to hand. Throwing them into the trench is prohibited. 3.28. The lowering of pipes, pipeline sections, fittings and fittings into the trench should be carried out slowly, without jerks and impacts of the load on the walls and bottom of the trench or on the fastening struts. 3.29. When lowering pipes and fittings into the trench, it is necessary to be at least 2 m from the edge of the load. Approaching the ends of pipes and fittings lowered into the trench for laying them in place is allowed only when the load is no more than 30 cm from the bottom of the trench. 3.30. Rolling pipes, as well as dumping them and fittings, fittings into trenches using crowbars, levers is prohibited. 3.31. It is possible to release the pipes laid in the trenches from the gripping devices of the lifting mechanisms only after they are securely laid on permanent supports. 3.32. If any changes in the condition of the slopes of the trench or a malfunction in their fastening are detected, the work must be stopped and reported to the work manager. 3.33. To descend into the trench, use portable stepladders. You can not go down the trench struts. It is allowed to cross the trench on walkways with a width of at least 0,6 m with railings with a height of at least 1,1 m. 3.34. It is not allowed to carry out pipeline work in chambers, wells, tunnels with an air temperature of more than 40 ° C without supply and exhaust ventilation. 3.3.5. It is allowed to lay two or more gas pipelines in one trench at the same or different levels (steps). At the same time, a sufficient distance between them should be provided for the installation and repair of the gas pipeline. 3.36. In places where gas pipelines cross heat network channels, communication collectors, channels for various purposes with passage above or below the crossed structures, it is necessary to lay the gas pipeline in a case. The case should protrude 2 m on both sides of the outer walls of the structures to be crossed. It is also necessary to make a non-destructive inspection of all welded joints within the boundaries of the intersection and 5 m away from the outer walls of the structures being crossed. At one end of the case, a control tube must be provided that extends under the protective device. 3.37. When working in water-saturated and waterlogged soils (quicksand) using a steel box, it is prohibited: 3.37.1. Be between the box and the trench wall. 3.37.2. To be in the box when raising or lowering the pipe. 3.37.3. Stay between the box and the pipe until it is completely lowered onto the ground or concrete base. 3.37.4. The installation of the box is carried out only with the use of stretch marks. 3.38. To go down into the box and out of it follows the ladder. 3.39. The depth of open pits for sealing the joints of cast-iron water pipes should be no more than 0,4 m for pipes with a diameter of up to 300 mm. 3.40. For welded steel pipes, the depth of the pit should be no more than 0,7 m. With a greater depth of the pit, it is necessary to install a fastener. 3.41. Sealing joints of reinforced concrete and other pipes with solutions using liquid glass should be carried out in rubber gloves. 3.42. The joints of reinforced concrete socket pipes with smooth ends, when they are connected with mortar on couplings, should be sealed with rubber rings. 3.43. Lead for pouring pipe sockets is allowed to be melted at such a distance from the trench (well) that if the vessel is accidentally turned over, the molten lead does not fall on the worker below. 3.44. A vessel with molten metal should be lowered to the bottom of the pit (trench) on a strong rope. It is allowed to accept a vessel with lead only after its reliable installation on the bottom of the pit (trench). 3.45. When filling the sockets with lead, you should use a special bucket with a spout and a long handle. It is necessary to work in safety glasses and canvas gloves. The sockets must be thoroughly dried before pouring with lead. 3.46. Boilers for cooking and heating insulating and bituminous mastics must be in good order and have tightly closed fireproof lids. Filling the boilers is allowed no more than 3/4 of their volume. The filler must be dry. 3.47. It is possible to deliver bituminous mastic to workplaces only with the help of lifting mechanisms or through a bitumen pipeline. To transfer hot bitumen at workplaces, metal tanks should be used, which have the shape of a cut cone, with the wide part facing down, with tight-fitting lids and locking devices. Fill the tank to 3/4 of the volume. Bitumen should be poured into tanks through a fitting with a valve equipped in the lower part of the boiler. 3.48. It is not allowed to use bituminous mastics with temperatures above 180 °C. 3.49. It is forbidden to move hot mastic in an open container, transfer from hand to hand when climbing to a height. 3.50. Boilers for cooking and heating bituminous mastics must be equipped with temperature measuring devices. 3.51. The site where the bitumen is heated must be provided with a box of sand, a shovel, a fire extinguisher. 3.52. It is allowed to mix bitumen with gasoline, diesel fuel or other organic solvents at a distance of at least 50 m from an open flame. It is forbidden to pour the solvent into the molten bitumen (during the preparation of the primer), as this may cause an explosion. It is necessary to pour bitumen into gasoline with constant stirring with a wooden mixer. The bitumen temperature must not exceed 70°C. 3.53. Thermal insulation work on pipelines should be carried out, as a rule, before their installation or after permanent fixing in accordance with the project. 3.54. Dismantling of the fastening of trenches and pits should be carried out from the bottom up as the soil is backfilled. The number of simultaneously removed boards in height should not exceed three, and in loose and unstable soils - one. When removing boards, the spacers should be rearranged accordingly, and existing spacers should be removed only after new ones have been installed. Mounting disassembly should be carried out in the presence of the work manager. 3.55. It is possible to fill up pits and trenches only with the permission of the work manager and in his presence, subject to the following requirements: 3.55.1. Before backfilling the trench, make sure that there are no people in it. 3.55.2. Remove spacers gradually from below as directed by the supervisor. 3.55.3. In quicksand or when located near the foundations of buildings (if the base of the foundation is above the bottom of the trench), the fastening is left in the ground. 3.55.4. Fall asleep in layers of 30-40 cm, compacting each layer with manual or mechanized rammers. 4. Safety requirements for testing pipelines 4.1. Before starting the testing of pipelines, it is necessary to check the presence and serviceability of stops at their ends, which provide stress compensation, and, if necessary, tighten loose bolts and studs for fastening pipelines to supports. If a section of the pipeline is to be tested, then it must be isolated from adjacent sections with plugs or fittings. 4.2. The connection of the test pipeline to the hydraulic press, pump or network that creates the necessary pressure must be carried out using two shut-off valves. After reaching the required pressure, the pipeline must be disconnected from the press, pump or network. 4.3. Raising and lowering pressure in pipelines should be carried out evenly, without shocks and shocks, with constant monitoring of instrument readings and the state of the system under test. 4.4. The test pressure must be maintained for 5 minutes, after which it is reduced to the working pressure. At this pressure, it is necessary to inspect the pipeline. 4.5. During pneumatic testing of the pipeline, the compressor must be located at a distance of at least 10 m from the tested pipeline. 4.6. Tapping of welds during inspection should be performed with a hammer weighing no more than 1,5 kg. Pipelines made of non-ferrous metals and alloys can only be tapped with wooden hammers weighing no more than 0,8 kg. Pipelines made of other metals and materials are not allowed to be tapped. 4.7. Connecting and disconnecting lines supplying compressed air from the compressor is only allowed after the air supply has been stopped. 4.8. It is forbidden: 4.8.1. When pressure rises in pipelines, be opposite flange connections and seams. 4.8.2. Eliminate defects while the pipeline is under pressure. 4.8.3. Be in the danger zone while pressurizing pipelines and testing them for strength. 4.9. After the test, the pipelines must be blown and flushed to remove contamination and scale. To do this, the pipeline must be divided into parts, to ensure the free exit of the injected air or steam by removing the plugs or individual parts and components of the pipeline. Install strong shields at open ends to protect workers from scale. After flushing the pipelines, the used water must be diverted to the sewer. 4.10. At the points of connection to water or air pipelines, valves or taps should be provided, which should be located at a height accessible for opening and closing without the use of ladders. 4.11. Relief valves shall be capable of relieving excessive pressure and shall be so adjusted that it is not possible for the pipeline under test to be pressurized above the specified value. 4.12. Workers participating in pipeline testing robots must know the location of fittings, plugs, fittings for removing air from pipelines, the connection points to the water or air supplied for testing, the connection points for manual or driven pumps or compressors, the location of pressure gauges on the pipeline being tested, as well as the location of the safety valves. 5. Safety requirements after finishing work 5.1. Remove the tool from the workplace, rinse it, lubricate it and put it in the place intended for it. 5.2. Clean all rigging fixtures of dirt and put them in the place intended for them. 5.3. Remove overalls, personal protective equipment, put in order and put in the place provided for them. 5.4. Wash hands, face with warm water and soap; shower if possible. 5.5. Report to the head of work on all the shortcomings that occurred during work. 6. Safety requirements in emergency situations 6.1. An emergency situation may arise in the event of: soil collapse in trenches, pits; breakage of cables, ropes; falling pipelines; failure of equipment during testing of pipelines; falling from a height; electric shock and so on. 6.2. In the event of an emergency, immediately stop work; disconnect all consumers from the power supply; protect the danger zone; keep unauthorized persons out. 6.3. Report what happened to the supervisor. 6.4. If an accident occurs, provide first aid to the victim; if necessary, call an ambulance. 6.5. Providing first aid. 6.5.1. First aid for electric shock. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand. If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state of recovery, it is necessary to start immediately, and then call an ambulance. 6.5.2. First aid for injury. To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage. If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds. 6.5.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks. In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso. In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion. If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach, face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation. 6.5.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkali. If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly rinsed with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burnt with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids. If acid or alkali gets on the mucous membrane of the eyes, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the eyes with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with a 2% solution of baking soda, and if the eyes are damaged by alkali, with a 2% solution of boric acid. In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda. If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray gun, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid. 6.5.5. First aid for bleeding. 6.5.5.1. Raise the injured limb up. 6.5.5.2. Close the wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure). 6.5.5.3. In case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor. 6.6. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department. 6.7. In all cases, follow the instructions of the head.
▪ Storekeeper of the repair and construction shop. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Locomotive driver, assistant locomotive driver. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Work on sewing machines and automatic machines. Standard instruction on labor protection
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ Prosthetic arm using Formula 1 technology ▪ Household chemicals and intestines ▪ Diagnosing a cold before symptoms appear ▪ 814 ppi AMOLED display for VR devices
▪ section of the site Electronic directories. Article selection ▪ article I'm not a magician. I'm still learning. Popular expression ▪ article How do scientists determine the depth of the ocean? Detailed answer ▪ Freucinetius article. Legends, cultivation, methods of application ▪ article Mysterious handkerchief. Focus Secret
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page