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Instructions on labor protection during installation work with tools and devices. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements

1.1. This Instruction applies to workers who perform installation work at industrial and residential facilities using tools and devices at enterprises and organizations, regardless of ownership and types of activity.

1.2. To perform installation work using tools and fixtures, persons over the age of 18 who have passed:

• medical examination in accordance with the requirement of the Regulations on the procedure for conducting medical examinations of employees of certain categories, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 31.03.94 No. 45, registered by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine 21.0694 under No. 136/345;
• training and certification in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules of Ukraine, approved by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated June 22.06.95, 400 No. 14.07.95, registered by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine on July 219, 755, No. XNUMX/XNUMX;
• training and certification in educational institutions for the performance of work with increased danger (in vocational schools, training centers, centers for the training and retraining of workers or in organizations according to an approved program);
• introductory briefing in the labor protection service;
• initial briefing at the workplace for newly hired or transferred from one workplace to another.

1.3. Manual electrical machines must comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Arrangement of Electrical Installations, the Rules for the Safe Operation of Electrical Installations of Consumers and GOST 12.2.013.0-91 Manual Electric Machines. Safety requirements.

1.4. To protect the eyes, it is necessary to use goggles in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.04.013-85.

1.5. To protect the worker for the entire period of stay at the construction site, it is mandatory to wear a helmet in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.128-83.

1.6. When working at height, the worker must use protective equipment appropriate for the conditions of work at height.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Get on-the-job training.

2.2. Obtain overalls, personal protective equipment, tools, devices for work and check their completeness and integrity.

2.3. Prepare the workplace: clean up foreign objects that may interfere with work, check the sufficiency of lighting in the workplace; when working on a workbench, make sure that the slatted wooden flooring (platform) is in good condition.

2.4. When cutting on a workbench, install a solid (or from a mesh with a cell of 3 mm) a shield with a height of at least 1 m to protect against flying particles.

2.5. When working on a workbench on both sides, such shields are installed in the middle of the workbench.

2.6. The tool must meet the following requirements:

• hammers and sledgehammers must be securely mounted on oval-shaped handles with a thickening towards the free end, fixed to the handles with steel wedges with notches, and the working part must have a smooth convex surface;
• tools with pointed shanks (file, hacksaw, scraper) must have serviceable handles, with bandage rings that protect the handles from splitting; on the impact tool (chisel, beard, notch) there should not be potholes, chips, scuffs, sharp edges on the side faces in places where they are pinched by hand, cracks, notches and chips in the back of the head;
• the chisel must have a length of at least 150 mm, and its drawn part - 60-70 mm; the cutting edge of the chisel should have a straight, slightly convex surface;
• there should be no shells, swellings and cuts on the fitting and assembly tool with insulated handles outside and inside the insulation.

2.7. Check the operation of the manual pneumatic machine and make sure that:

• hose connections with a nipple or fitting are reliable, tight and secured with clamps (bandages);
• it is forbidden to fasten hoses with wire;
• the replaceable tool must be correctly sharpened, not have cracks, nicks, gouges, its tail part must not have irregularities, fit tightly and be correctly centered;
• the valve or other locking device on the air duct or flexible hose must be located at a distance of no more than 3 m from the workplace, approaches to it must be free;
• the mesh filter on the air hose must not be damaged;
• The pressure of the compressed air in the line or in the mobile compressor must match the operating pressure of the machine.

2.8. Workers working with pneumatic hand-held machines of impact or shock-rotary action must be provided with soft gloves with a double lining on the palm side.

3. Safety requirements when performing work

3.1. General requirements

3.1.1. It is necessary to carry or transport the tool with the protection of sharp parts with covers or other devices.

3.1.2. Chopping, riveting, punching holes and performing other work, in which particles of metal, brick or concrete can be scattered, must be used with safety glasses made of safety glass in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.013-85.

3.1.3. Perform work at height only from inventory scaffolds that have passed regular tests in accordance with the requirements of GOST 26887-86.

It is necessary to perform work at height in conditions of increased danger (on open cable racks without fences, over unprotected openings, from overhead cranes, etc.) only after start-up using a safety rope.

3.1.4. It is necessary to serve any objects working at height only with the help of a rope. The object lifted up is tied to the middle of the rope, one end of which is held by the worker at the top, and the other end, to prevent the object from swinging, is held by the worker at the bottom. Small items should be lifted in a container (bucket, box) with filling below the level of the board by 100 mm.

3.1.5. Work with simultaneous support of trays, boxes, lamps must be performed from scaffolding, scaffolding or ladders with shelves protected by handrails.

3.1.6. When working at height, tools and small parts should be kept in individual bags (special vests, on cables).

3.1.7. When working with wedges or chisels, using sledgehammers and punches for pressing and pressing out parts, it is necessary to use pliers or holders with a length of at least 0,7 m. The punches must be made of soft metal.

3.1.8. It is prohibited for other workers to stand against a worker performing work with a sledgehammer; you need to stand next to him.

3.1.9. It is not allowed to unscrew and tighten the nuts with a peck with a lining of metal plates between the nut and the key, to grind the handles with improvised objects or to attach the key to the key or pipe (with the exception of special mounting keys).

3.1.10. When cutting metals with hand saws, it is necessary to ensure that the hacksaw blade is securely fixed in the machine and stretched.

3.2. Performing work with flammable tools

3.2.1. Flammable work must be carried out according to a work permit with the provision of measures in accordance with the Fire Safety Rules.

3.2.2. The blowtorch should be filled only with the fuel for which it is intended. Close the tank with a stopper no more than 4 threads

3.2.3. Kindling a blowtorch and a gas burner directly under the equipment, wires, cables and near oil-filled apparatus is prohibited.

3.2.4. It is forbidden when working with blowtorches: kindle them by supplying fuel through the burner; pump the lamp with great effort; approach flammable materials and objects with a lit blowtorch; pour and pour fuel during lamp operation; disassemble the lamp near the fire;

remove the burner until the pressure is relieved; it is allowed to relieve the pressure of the reservoir, provided that the lamp is extinguished and the burner is cooled down.

3.2.5. The use of a blowtorch in the territory of outdoor switchgear and indoor switchgear and at substations is permitted under the conditions that the distance from the flame to current-carrying parts with voltage up to 10 kV will be at least 1,5 m, and more than 10 kV - at least 3 m.

3.2.6. When working with gas burners, it is prohibited: to work while etching gas from a cylinder, hose; burn gas from the cylinder completely; disassemble cylinders, use damaged and rusty cylinders.

3.2.7. When working in wells, closed containers, etc., kindling blowtorches, placing propane-butane cylinders, heating cable mass, mastic and solder is allowed only outside.

3.3. Working with pneumatic tools

3.3.1. When performing electrical work with hand pneumatic tools, it is prohibited:

• leave unattended the machine connected to the air duct;
• transfer the car to other persons;
• remove vibration protection, noise suppressors from a manual machine;
• protective covers for rotating parts;
• clean up chips or sawdust from the working body with your hands;
• carry the machine by holding it by the hose;
• work from ladders.

3.3.2. For pneumatic machines weighing more than 10 kg, devices for their suspension must be provided.

3.3.3. It is forbidden to use your body weight for additional efforts on the machine.

3.3.4. During breaks in work, during cleaning, lubrication, replacement of working tools, interruptions in the air supply, jamming of moving parts, the pneumatic machine must be turned off and the air supply turned off.

3.4. Working with manual electric machines

3.4.1. When using manual electric machines, the following safety precautions should be observed:

• do not leave unattended the car connected to the power supply network;
• do not transfer the machine to persons who do not have permission to use it;
• do not operate the machine from portable ladders;
• do not pull or twist the cable (cord), do not load it;
• do not remove vibration protection means, noise suppressors, guards and tool control devices from the machine during operation;
• do not exceed the maximum permissible operating time specified in the vehicle passport;
• do not touch the cutting rotating tool;
• do not pick up shavings or sawdust with your hands until the machine has completely stopped;
• do not carry the machine by the cable.

3.4.2. Protect the machine cable from direct contact with hot, wet and oily surfaces.

The cable of the machine must be protected from mechanical damage.

3.4.3. Depending on the category of the premises according to the degree of danger of electric shock, it is necessary to use manual machines of the following classes:

Class 1 - when used in production conditions using personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves, galoshes, rugs, etc.).

It is allowed to work with a class 1 machine without the use of personal protective equipment in the following cases:

• the machine, but only one, is powered by an isolation transformer;
• the machine is powered by an independent engine-generator set or a frequency converter with split coils;
• The machine is powered by a circuit breaker.

It is allowed to work with machines of class II and III without the use of dielectric protective equipment.

3.4.4. It is forbidden to operate machines that are not protected from the action of drops or splashes, which do not have identification signs (a drop or two drops in a triangle), in open areas during rain or snow.

3.4.5. Work with manual machines of shock or shock-rotary action should be in soft mittens with a double lining from the side of the palm.

3.4.6. When working with machines weighing more than 10 kg, it is necessary to use devices to support them.

3.4.7. The use of body weight for additional effort on manual machines is not permitted.

3.4.8. Connecting auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, circuit breakers, etc.) to the network and disconnecting it must be carried out by the personnel of the operating organization. Electricians switch the installation on and off with switching devices.

3.4.9. In the event of a power failure in the network, or jamming of rotating parts, the machine must be switched off immediately.

3.4.10. During breaks, after completion of work, as well as when lubricating, cleaning, replacing working tools, the machine must be disconnected from the mains.

3.4.11. When transporting the machine within the enterprise (object), it must be protected from damage.

It is not recommended to transport the machine together with metal parts and products.

3.4.12. Switch off the machine immediately if any of the following faults occur:

• damage to the plug connection, cable or its protective sheath;
• damage to the brush holder cover;
• fuzzy operation of the switch;
• sparking of the collector brushes with the appearance of a circular fire on its surface;
• oil leakage from the gearbox or ventilation ducts;
• the appearance of smoke or smell from burning insulation;
• the appearance of unusual noise, knocking or vibration;
• damage or cracks in the body, handle or safety guard;
• damage to the working tool.

3.4.13. Drilling holes and cutting grooves in walls, floor panels in which concealed electrical wiring is located, as well as performing other work that may damage the insulation of electrical wires and installations, should only be done after disconnecting them from the power supply.

3.4.14. Works that may damage hidden sanitary pipelines should be carried out after they have been closed.

4. Safety requirements after work

4.1. After completion of work, turn off the mechanisms, disconnect them from the supply systems.

4.2. Wipe the tool from dirt and dust.

4.3. Clean the workplace, lay down the tools according to the rules, wash hands and face with warm water and soap

4.4. Report any damage to the tool to the supervisor.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of an emergency situation that can lead to a fire or explosion or electric shock, work must be stopped immediately, measures should be taken to prevent people from entering this area, and the work manager should be notified.

5.2. When investigating accidents and accidents, the requirements of DNAOP 0.00-4.03-98 Regulations on the investigation and registration of accidents, occupational diseases and accidents at enterprises, institutions and organizations, approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 10.03.93 No. 623 (as amended by the resolution Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 17.06.98, 923 No. XNUMX).

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