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Instructions on labor protection when working on the installation of prefabricated and monolithic foundations. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. Works on the installation of foundations are allowed for workers by profession: a carpenter, a fitter, an electric welder, a concrete worker, an installer of reinforced concrete structures, persons who have reached the age of 18, who have undergone preliminary and periodic medical examinations in the manner prescribed by the Ministry of Health, trained and instructed in accordance with the Industry regulation on training, briefing and knowledge testing of employees of the Ministry of Labor Protection.

1.2. Dangerous and harmful production factors:

• rotating parts of machines and equipment;
• transported goods;
• electricity;
• sharp ends of reinforcing bars;
• vibration;
• collapse of stacks of blocks and walls of blocks;
• soil collapse.

1.3. For non-compliance with the requirements of this instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with applicable law.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, workplaces and passages to them are checked for compliance with the following requirements:

2.1.1. when working at a height above ground level of more than 1,3 m, workplaces must be equipped with scaffolds with a width of at least: 2 m - for stone work, 1 m - for assembly work;

2.1.2. for passage to workplaces located in pits and trenches, as well as for crossing over sections of laid reinforcement, it is necessary to install stairs, walkways and a gangway with fences;

2.1.3. the concrete electric heating zone must have a fence and be marked with warning signs and posters;

2.1.4. on overpasses for supplying concrete mixture by dump trucks, passages with a width of at least 0,6 m should be equipped between the breaking bar and the fence;

2.1.5. guards of rotating parts of machines and equipment are in good condition and securely fastened;

2.1.6. cases of welding transformers, electric motors and control devices are grounded;

2.1.7. signaling devices are in good condition and workplaces are well lit (at night).

2.2. Before starting work, check the availability of the necessary technological equipment, their serviceability and compliance with the working conditions.

3. Safety requirements when performing work

Formwork

3.1. When assembling formwork elements in several tiers, each subsequent tier should be installed only after fixing the lower one.

3.2. Placement on the formwork of equipment and materials that are not provided for by the design of the work, as well as the stay of people who are not directly involved in the production of work on the formwork, is not allowed.

3.3. Inventory formwork should contain inventory fences that prevent a person from falling.

Inventory fencing devices during the installation of the formwork must protect the entire grip prepared for concreting.

3.4. When installing shallow-protective inventory formwork, workers must use safety belts when working at a height of more than 1,3 m.

3.5. Dismantling of all types of formwork is carried out after the concrete reaches the specified strength and with the permission of the work manager, and especially critical structures - according to the list established by the project, with the permission of the chief engineer.

Assembly and installation of fittings

3.6. When assembling foundation reinforcement directly at the place of its installation, the rods are fed into the pit using a special traverse or lowered along trays adapted for this purpose.

3.7. Workers should descend into the pit only on ladders or ladders.

3.8. Reinforcing bars and steel products should be moved and installed only in gloves.

Maintenance of technological means of concrete transport

3.9. At the entrance of technological vehicles (concrete mixer truck, concrete truck, bucket truck), the concrete worker receiving the concrete mix must be in the field of view of the concrete mixer truck driver.

3.10. Cleaning the tray and the loading opening of the mixer truck from concrete residues should be carried out only when the mixing drum is stationary. Cleaning the body of a concrete truck in the conditions of a construction site is prohibited.

3.11. When unloading the concrete mixture from the body of the concrete truck, the worker receiving the concrete mixture must be in an area where his injury is excluded in the event of a sudden overturning of the concrete truck.

3.12. Cleaning of the raised bodies of dump trucks after unloading the concrete mix should be done with scrapers or shovels with an extended handle.

Cleaning workers must not stand on wheels or be in the back of a vehicle. Do not hit the body with a sledgehammer in order to clean the body from adhering concrete mixture.

Supply, placement and compaction of concrete mix

3.13. When laying the concrete mixture with jib and tower cranes, the concrete worker must know:

3.13.1. rules for slinging bucket bunkers;

3.13.2. signals given to the crane operator;

3.13.3. safe methods of work with the use of bucket bunkers.

3.14. It is forbidden:

3.14.1. lift the bucket bunker without making sure that the slinging is reliable;

3.14.2. open the shutter when it is jammed in the suspended state of the bunker;

3.14.3. work with a faulty shutter opening mechanism;

3.14.4. swing the suspended bunker bucket.

3.15. At the moment of lowering the bucket, the workers should step aside; it is possible to open the shutter only after the bucket takes the lowest position for the given unloading conditions.

3.16. When compacting concrete mixtures with deep, platform vibrators, the concrete worker must know:

3.16.1. rules for safe work with manual electric machines;

3.16.2. rules of hygiene and sanitation when working with a vibrating tool.

3.17. It is forbidden:

3.17.1. work with faulty vibration equipment;

3.17.2. independently, in the absence of an electrician on duty, connect vibration equipment to electrical distribution boards;

3.17.3. work with vibration equipment without vibration protection;

3.17.4. work without rubber gloves and boots.

Installation of prefabricated foundations

3.18. Foundation blocks and blocks of basement walls should be stored on prepared sites in a stack no more than 2,6 m high on linings and gaskets.

Linings and gaskets in stacks of stored concrete and reinforced concrete products should be placed in the same vertical plane. Their thickness must be greater than the protruding mounting loops by at least 20 mm.

It is forbidden to store structural elements closer than 1 m from the edge of the pit, trench.

3.19. Signals to the crane operator must be given by one person who knows the procedure for exchanging signals.

The stop signal can be given by any worker who has noticed the danger.

Hooking or tying cargo should be carried out in accordance with the cargo slinging schemes. It is forbidden to lift prefabricated reinforced concrete structures covered with snow, earth, pinched by other structures. It is necessary to clean the structures to be mounted from dirt and ice before they are lifted, while hitting the mounting loops is unacceptable.

Before lifting the structure, the installer must check that the weight indicated on the structure marking corresponds to the lifting capacity of the crane. When lifting structures with a mass close to the maximum load capacity of the crane, the load must first be fixed at a height of 0,2-0,3 m.

3.21. Structural elements during movement must be kept from swinging and rotating by guy wires from a hemp (kapron) rope.

3.22. When performing work, the installer is prohibited from:

• install structures by pulling them up with oblique tension of the rope of the lifting mechanism;
• leave designs on weight;
• be on the elements and structures during their lifting, moving and installation;
• to carry out slinging of structures until their permanent or temporary reliable fastening;
• move the installed structures after their slinging;
• use sledgehammers to force the structures into place.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Work in trenches and pits dug with slopes without fastenings is allowed with the following precautions:

4.1.1. a thorough inspection before the start of each change in the state of the soil and its collapse in places where peaks or canopies of the soil were found;

4.1.2. temporary cessation of work in the excavation until the collapse of the soil in the event of a danger of collapse.

4.2. You can not rest at the base of the slopes of trenches and pits, as well as at the bottom of the embankments.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. Tidy up the workplace. Remove tools, materials and fixtures.

5.2. Inform the foreman or foreman about the noticed malfunctions of mechanisms, devices, scaffolding, the state of the slopes.

5.3. Disconnect the mechanisms from the network, lock the starting devices with a padlock so that they cannot be turned on by unauthorized persons.

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