Occupational safety instructions for a crusher of a crushing and screening plant

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Labor safety instructions for the crusher of the crushing and screening plant. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, training according to a special program and have a certificate for the right to service a stone crushing plant are allowed to work on stone crushing plants.

Crushers must have an electrical safety group of at least II.

1.2. A crusher who is hired must undergo introductory training on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, techniques and methods of providing first-aid to victims, must be familiarized with the working conditions, rights and benefits for working in harmful and dangerous working conditions, against signature. about the rules of conduct in case of accidents.

Before starting work directly at the workplace, the crusher must undergo initial training on safe work practices.

About the conduct of introductory briefings and briefings at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for registration of briefings on labor safety issues. In this case, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required.

1.3. After initial instruction at the workplace, the crusher must undergo an internship for 2-15 shifts (depending on the length of service, experience and nature of the work) under the guidance of an experienced qualified crusher, who is appointed by order (instruction) of the road organization.

1.4. The crusher must undergo repeated training on the rules and techniques of safe work and labor protection:

periodically, at least once a quarter;
with unsatisfactory knowledge of labor protection no later than a month;
in connection with the assumption of a case of injury or violation of labor protection requirements that did not lead to injury.

1.5. The crusher of the crushing and screening plant must use protective clothing and personal protective equipment, which are provided for by the Standard Industry Standards: a cotton dust-proof suit, combined mittens, dust-proof goggles against mechanical damage, a helmet, noise protection headphones, rubber foot mats, a safety belt.

For external work and when working at open ranges, additionally in winter the following are issued: cotton jacket and trousers with insulating lining, felt boots.

1.6. To limit the harmful effects of noise, dust, vibration, high and low temperatures, standardized insulating booths should be used, installed in a workplace where acceptable sanitary standards are not met.

1.7. The receiving hopper must be fenced on three sides (on the sides and on the side opposite to loading) with strong railings 1 m high. Working platforms, steps, ladders, which are located at a height of over 1 m, must have the same fences.

1.8. Open moving parts of machines and mechanisms, as well as chain and belt drives of stone crushing plants must be fenced and securely secured.

1.9. At the locations of stone crushing plants, a fire shield equipped with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers is placed. In addition, warning notices, safety signs, a table of warning signals, and occupational safety instructions are posted.

There should also be a first aid kit with a set of necessary medications.

1.10. To prevent accidental ejection of stones, the loading opening of the crusher must be equipped with a canopy or casing, and also closed on top with a safety grille.

1.11. Passages and passages under conveyors must be protected by canopies extended beyond the dimensions of the conveyor by at least 1 m.

1.12. Stone crushing plants must be equipped with dust elimination systems (a system for artificial humidification of crushing materials, a system for sucking out powdered air) and alarm systems (sound and light).

1.13. When placing conveyors in rooms, galleries, tunnels and on overpasses along the conveyor route, it is necessary to provide conveyor passages on both sides.

1.14. Underground trenches are equipped with low-voltage lighting wiring and two-way light and sound alarms. There must be guards and emergency stop buttons along the entire length of the conveyor belt.

1.15. Power and lighting wiring at the location where the crusher is installed must have metal sheaths that protect it from mechanical damage.

1.16. Electric motors and starting equipment must be securely fastened.

1.17. It is necessary to ground all electric motors, starting devices and mechanisms of stone crushing plants that may be energized.

1.18. All starting devices for controlling mechanisms must have inscriptions about their purpose.

1.19. When using remote control, access to the control panel must be free. From the control panel, the loading of crushing material, the movement of components and mechanisms of the stone crushing plant should be clearly visible.

1.20. Control panels for stone crushing equipment must be equipped with an audible alarm and emergency switches for the entire complex. In places with high noise levels, a redundant light alarm should be provided next to the sound alarm. All workers must be familiar with the procedure for giving signals before starting equipment, and instructions for assigning signals must be posted in visible places.

1.21. Pre-start check and start-up of electric motors must be carried out in dielectric gloves.

1.22. The crusher is prohibited from entrusting anyone with starting, stopping and servicing the crusher.

1.23. It is prohibited to touch broken electrical wires, wires with damaged insulation, as well as conductive parts of units and switches with your hands or metal objects.

1.24. The presence of unauthorized persons in the operating area of the stone crushing plant is prohibited.

1.25. It is prohibited to remove dust-proof covers from machines and mechanisms during operation.

1.26. The main harmful production factors are: dust, vibration, noise. Standard indicators of these factors should not exceed:

dust content - for quartz dust up to 2 mg/m3 with a quartz content of more than 10%; up to 6 mg/m3 with a quartz content of 10% or less;
vibration - up to 92 dB;
noise 80-85 dBA (working area).

1.27. Means of protection against harmful factors during the operation of the stone crusher and adjacent units include:

dust - irrigation with water, aspiration;
vibrations - installation of a stone crusher on vibration damping pads;
noise - installation of casings, soundproof booths;
dust, vibration and noise - personal protective equipment.

1.28. If the standard limits of harmful factors are exceeded, the crushing and screening plant worker must use personal protective equipment.

1.29. Stone crushers and units and mechanisms associated with them in the technological process (feeder, screens, bunkers, chutes) must be equipped with an aspiration system.

Aspiration should be switched on before the start-up of the process equipment and switched off after 5-7 minutes. after stopping work.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the crusher must put on overalls, button up the sleeves of his jacket, and tuck his hair under his headdress. It is necessary to tuck in the clothes so that their edges do not hang down.

2.2. The workplace of the crusher must be equipped with:

necessary tools and equipment (hammer, sledgehammer, chisel, bench wrenches, bench screwdrivers, combination pliers, end cutters, shovels - 2 pcs., crowbar, hook for pulling out oversized items, scraper for cleaning up loose debris, broom and broom, stepladder length up to 5 m);
sufficient lighting (50 -100 lux);
stone crusher operating instructions;
instructions for providing first aid to victims.

2.3. The crusher should inspect the mechanisms and determine:

availability, serviceability and reliability of fastening of protective fences;
serviceability of protective grounding of electric motor housings, starting devices and mechanisms;
presence of oil in the lubrication system, serviceability of cooling systems, aspiration and humidifying devices;
condition of belt and chain drives and their tension;
the degree of development of crushing elements;
condition of flywheel keys, pulleys and gears, reliability of fastening of foundation and mounting bolts;
serviceability of lifting mechanisms and gripping devices designed for excavation and oversized pieces of rock mass that become jammed;
availability and serviceability of the tools necessary for debugging the crushing plant mechanisms;
availability of fire fighting equipment.

2.4. The crusher must inform the foreman about all noticed faults and malfunctions. It is forbidden to start work until they are completely eliminated.

2.5. It is prohibited to work on faulty equipment or use faulty devices and tools.

2.6. Before starting up the stone crushing plant, you must make sure that there are no unauthorized persons or objects in the working area.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. During operation, the crusher must start the stone crushing plant after 1-2 minutes. after giving a general signal.

3.2. Giving warning signals about the start of the stone crusher (installation) should be carried out only with the permission of the shift foreman.

Every incomprehensible signal should be perceived by the crusher as a “Stop!” signal.

3.3. The crusher is operated in accordance with the current instructions of the manufacturer.

3.4. After starting up the crusher, the crusher should check its operation at idle speed until normal operation is achieved. If abnormal knocking and noise occurs, you must turn off the crusher and report the malfunction to the foreman and do not turn it on until the malfunction is eliminated.

3.5. During the process, the crusher must:

maintain the stone crusher, feeders and conveyors that supply raw materials or materials in working order and ensure their uninterrupted operation;
carry out only the specified technological process of crushing;
regulate the supply of raw materials and water for irrigation;
monitor signals and provide the necessary signals for the conduct of the technological process, have constant communication with neighboring areas;
prevent the presence of unauthorized persons in the working area;
operate lifting and transport equipment when slinging and removing oversized stones and foreign objects from the crushing chamber.

3.6. The crusher must:

feed raw materials into the stone crusher only after the electric motor reaches full speed;
prevent oversized stones and foreign objects from entering the conveyor and stone crusher.

3.7. It is forbidden to work on stone crushers when:

lack of safety devices;
loosening of keys on gears, pulleys or flywheels, as well as loosening of mounting bolts;
damage to the tension spring in jaw crushers;
loosening of crushing plates;
the formation of cracks and chips in the bed, crushing plates and other parts;
violation of the stability of the stone crusher and increased vibration.

3.8. During the operation of the stone crusher, the crusher is prohibited from:

clutter up the approaches to the stone crusher, passages to the units;
clog the work site;
stand on a stone crusher;
put the tool and other things on the body and fence of the stone crusher;
leave the machines and mechanisms assigned to him unattended and leave the workplace;
allow access to machines and mechanisms to persons who are not involved in their operation or maintenance;
take a break from work and do other things.

3.9. When conducting the technological process of crushing, it is prohibited:

tighten and adjust bolts, springs and other parts;
adjust the size of the unloading gap;
remove and install fencing;
put on or take off the gear belts;
lubricate bearings manually;
cleaning the crusher and cleaning the workplace;
push and pull while crushing pieces of stone or foreign objects that are jammed.

To do this, you must use only special devices, avoiding the use of random objects.

Such work is allowed to be carried out only after the stone crusher and the units adjacent to it have completely stopped, the power plants have been disconnected from the electrical network, and the fuses have been removed by the electrician or the starting plugs have been removed. It is necessary to hang a poster on the starting devices: “Do not turn on - people are working!”

3.10. It is not allowed to crush oversized stones in the crusher mouth using sledgehammers. This work must be performed in a special workplace.

3.11. While at the workplace, the crusher must:

be attentive to all warning and prohibition signs and installed alarm systems;
immediately give the necessary established signals.

3.12. For expensive robots associated with the repair of a stone crusher, the crusher must have a work permit to carry out repair work.

3.13. Repairs are carried out only after the stone crusher and all adjacent mechanisms are completely disconnected from the electric motors, and the electrician has removed the fuses and break plugs of the starting device.

It is necessary to completely turn off the accidental start-up of the stone crusher or neighboring mechanisms.

Starting devices must have signs: “Do not turn on - people are working!” Turn on the installed light signal, which prohibits the start of neighboring mechanisms.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. At the end of the work, the crusher must:

without producing material from the hopper, stop the feeder, process the material in the grinding chamber and stop the crusher. Then turn off the conveyor, screens and conveyors by fraction as they are unloaded;
stop the supply of water to cooling, compacting and humidifying systems and remove water from the water chambers when operating in winter conditions;
clean and inspect the mechanisms of the stone crushing plant, check the fastenings of its components and parts, tighten loose fastenings;
tidy up the workplace, aisles and approaches.

4.2. After cleaning, inspecting and troubleshooting the crushing plant, it is necessary, if necessary, to lubricate all its components and assemblies that are not part of the centralized lubrication system.

4.3. When a crushing plant operates in two or more shifts, the crusher must inform its shift worker about the technical condition of all components and parts of the plant, auxiliary and transport equipment, as well as the orders that have been received, by making appropriate entries in the shift log.

4.4. Before leaving work, the starting devices and switchboards of the crushing plant should be locked and the keys shown to the duty officer.

4.5. At the end of the work, the crusher must take off his overalls, clean them of dust and other dirt and take them to the designated storage area. Then wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. If the stone crusher suddenly stops, turn off the electric motor immediately.

5.2. If abnormal knocking noises appear, increased vibration, uneven operation, or jamming of oversized stones and foreign objects, the crusher must immediately turn off the power units and stop the technological process without waiting for the end of crushing of the raw materials in the crushing chamber. Immediately report the situation that has arisen to the supervisor.

5.3. If all the installed alarms or one of them are violated, the crusher must stop working and report the reason for the stop to the foreman.

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