Instructions on labor protection during the operation of gas wells, gas collection and treatment facilities

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Instructions on labor protection during the operation of gas wells, gas collection and treatment facilities. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. The provisions of this Instruction are obligatory for enterprises and organizations whose activities are related to the operation of gas wells, gas collection and treatment facilities, as well as for design and other organizations performing work for these purposes.

1.2. This Instruction is a development of the relevant sections and paragraphs of the Safety Rules in the oil and gas industry.

1.3. Temporary stay at gas hazardous facilities of persons not related to the performance of work at these facilities is allowed after briefing and permission from the head of the facility (senior on duty), in the presence of PPE and in the presence of an accompanying person.

1.4. All those working in the maintenance of gas wells and gas collection and treatment facilities must have appropriate professional training.

1.5. The control room for maintenance of gas production facilities should have:

technological scheme of production, collection and complex treatment of gas and individual units and assemblies, indicating shut-off, control valves, instrumentation and automation;
rules for starting and stopping wells and technological units and their maintenance;
a plan for the elimination of possible accidents;
the procedure for shutting down individual technological units and the entire CNG plant in case of an emergency;
safety instructions and posters;
logbook;
telephone or walkie-talkie;
first aid kit with medicines.

From the control room, control over the operation of wells should be carried out and the following parameters should be recorded:

pressure (pipe, annulus, annular);
gas consumption;
object contamination.

1.1.6. Safety requirements for gas production facilities, premises and equipment

1.1.6.1. Territories, industrial sites, buildings, structures and premises must meet the requirements of SNiP, sanitary and fire safety standards, and equipment - the requirements of the manufacturer's technical specifications and the operating manual.

1.1.6.2. The gas field should have large-scale plans for the location of wells, communications and gas treatment and transportation facilities.

1.1.6.3. The design and operation of separators, tanks, process tanks and vessels with a working pressure above 0,07 MPa must comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels.

The use of imported equipment must have permission from the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia. Each type of equipment must have instructions for its operation.

1.1.6.4. Technological equipment (Xmas tree, separation and pumping equipment, tanks), as well as technological piping, must be equipped with process control and regulation devices, sampling devices, fittings for introducing corrosion inhibitors and hydrate formation.

Control over the operation of technological equipment should be carried out according to the technological regulations developed for this equipment.

1.1.6.5. Technological tanks (reservoirs) must be equipped with devices for remote measurement of the liquid level.

1.1.6.6. To protect against corrosion process equipment and pipelines of gas and condensate production, collection, treatment and transportation systems, as well as production string and downhole equipment, a set of measures should be provided, including the use of corrosion and hydrate inhibitors, protective coatings and technological methods to reduce the corrosive activity of products. Systematic monitoring of the corrosive state of the equipment should be carried out.

1.1.6.7. In the event of an emergency shutdown (shutdown) of the well, equipment, pipelines, instrumentation, it is prohibited to re-start them until the cause of the violation that caused the emergency shutdown (shutdown) is identified and eliminated.

1.1.6.8. The hot surface of the equipment (heat exchangers) and pipelines must be covered with thermal insulation, the surface temperature of which must not exceed 45°C indoors and 60°C outdoors.

1.1.6.9. Testing or testing after repair of shut-off, control or safety valves must be formalized by an act.

1.1.6.10. In the production unit (facility), a person responsible for controlling the air in the working area of industrial sites, buildings, structures and wells should be appointed. The results of the checks should be recorded in the air control log.

1.1.6.11. The technological scheme for production, collection and preparation of gas for transport should be developed by a design organization based on the characteristics of the field and design standards agreed with the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

2. Research and development of wells

2.1. Before carrying out work on gas wells, a research and development plan must be drawn up, approved by the chief engineer and chief geologist of the enterprise and agreed with VCh.

The work plan should indicate measures to ensure the safety of workers, a schedule for controlling gas content.

2.2. The work plan should be accompanied by a diagram of the location of equipment, machines, mechanisms, tools, instrumentation and materials, indicating their type and quantity, possible sizes of the gassed zone and the number of workers.

2.3. The length of the purge outlet must be at least 100 m from the wellhead.

Branches after the block of gate valves must be mounted using the FUM sealing tape or US-1 grease and tested for tightness.

Branches must be assembled from pipes that are resistant to aggressive substances, have a clear marking and be installed on concrete pedestals or racks without twists and deflections. The branch fastening unit must exclude the possibility of local stresses during fastening.

2.4. A well testing facility must be subject to technical examination (internal and external inspection, ultrasonic testing, wall thickness measurement) before being allowed to work, periodically during operation, after repair. Hydraulic testing of the unit is obligatory after each repair and installation of the unit in a new location.

2.5. Before testing, the installation must be freed from the filling medium and disconnected from the pipelines connecting it to the well.

2.6. If leaks are detected, the operating pressure is exceeded, instrumentation fails, or the safety valve fails, the unit must be immediately disconnected from the well and the pressure in it is reduced to atmospheric pressure.

2.7. The frequency of inspection of installations for well testing should be as follows: inspection - at least once a year, hydraulic testing - once a year, ultrasonic testing - after each study.

2.8. The installation is recognized as serviceable if during survey and operation it is not found:

signs of a break;
corrosion above permissible values;
leaks, sweating in welded joints and on the base metal;
visible residual deformations.

2.9. Relief valves and bursting discs must be connected by individual high pressure pipelines to a flare separator and a candle that captures condensate, water and other liquids.

2.10. Before the development of the well, a commission chaired by the chief engineer of the enterprise with the participation of a representative of Gosgortekhnadzor and VCh should check the readiness of the well testing and development team, equipment and tools to start work to cause gas inflow from the reservoir and draw up a readiness report.

2.11. Before testing a well, it is necessary to have a stock of drilling fluid of the appropriate density, equal to twice the volume of the well, as well as a supply of materials and chemicals.

Warming up the solution (if necessary) should be done only with steam.

2.12. When testing a well, on the wellhead fittings and the diaphragm critical flow meter (prover), registering pressure gauges and thermometers must be installed. Redundant indicating instruments should be installed on a common shield at least 25 m away from the well in the opposite direction from the prover line, taking into account the direction of the wind.

2.13. Hydrodynamic surveys and development of wells without disposal or burning of products are prohibited. Gas burning is allowed for no more than two to three days on a special candle.

2.14. Calling inflow and hydrodynamic studies should be carried out during daylight hours under the supervision of the person responsible for the work.

2.15. At the time of calling the inflow from the reservoir during the development (killing) of the well, it is necessary:

ensure constant round-the-clock duty of the responsible engineering and technical personnel and the operational group of the HF according to the schedule approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise;
ensure round-the-clock duty of vehicles;
ensure constant round-the-clock radio communication of the brigade with a higher organization.

2.16. The development of the well with air is prohibited.

2.17. Well development should be carried out by injection:

natural or associated petroleum gas in agreement with the local authority of Gosgortekhnadzor;
two- and multi-phase foams inert to the components of the produced gas;
inert (flue) gases with an oxygen content of not more than 2% by volume;
nitrogen with an oxygen content of not more than 2% by volume;
liquids of lower density, inert to the components of the produced gas.

2.18. Before opening the valve on one of the strings of the X-mas tree, all those working, except for those located at the valves, must be removed from the wellhead and the blowdown line to a safe distance. In the presence of harmful substances (hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide) in the gas, work must be carried out according to a special plan, indicating personnel protection equipment.

2.19. When purging a well and during the study of internal combustion engines, including car engines, tractors located near the well, they must be equipped with spark arresters.

For measurements and purge, it is necessary to use only the end valves on the strings, opening or closing them completely. Operation through a valve that is not fully open is prohibited.

2.20. Diaphragm change on the critical flow diaphragm meter (DCT) should be carried out 15 minutes after the well shut-in with a preliminary air analysis of the working area.

2.21. It is forbidden to approach the wellhead, pipelines, distribution points, separation plants during the exploration and development of a well without appropriate PPE.

2.22. To ensure the cleanliness of the air basin, well development should be carried out in calm weather or when the wind direction is from nearby settlements, industrial and agricultural facilities.

2.23. The well completion team should be trained in air sampling and rapid analysis.

2.24. The selection of gas, condensate and water from the well should be carried out with a sampler lowered through a lubricator into the lift pipes, with a sealed wellhead. It is prohibited to use the annulus for these purposes.

2.25. The installation for testing a well with a winch drive from a vehicle engine must be placed on the windward side at a distance of at least 25 m from the wellhead.

2.26. Depth measurements in the well are carried out by downhole instruments lowered into the well through a lubricator equipped with a self-sealing stuffing box, a branch with a three-way valve and a pressure gauge.

2.27. After installing the lubricator, it is necessary to check it for tightness by gradually releasing pressure from the well to the lubricator.

2.2 Periodically, in accordance with the regulations approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise, the lubricator must be pressure tested to one and a half times the maximum working pressure.

2.29. The wire used for deep research must be corrosion-resistant, solid, without mechanical damage and twists. When running into the well, the wire must be treated with a corrosion inhibitor.

2.30. After removing the wire from the well and before running it, the wire must be tested for kink.

In the event of a decrease in the allowable plasticity of the wire, its further use for lowering a downhole tool into the well is prohibited.

2.31. When lowering (raising) a downhole tool into the well, workers must be removed from the working platform.

2.32. Upon completion of the work, it is necessary to conduct an inspection (inspection) of the facility and check the tightness of the wellhead fittings, transfer the well according to the act of the enterprise, and clean the area adjacent to the well.

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