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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection during the operation of an electric single-girder overhead crane. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Hoisting mechanisms must be maintained and operated in accordance with the "Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Hoisting Cranes. (DNAOP 0.00-1.03-02). Kharkiv. "Fort". 2002-1.1.10-1.04) Kiev "Fort". 01 1.2. Persons not younger than 18 years of age, specially trained and certified in accordance with the above Rules and having a note about this in the knowledge test certificate, may be allowed to operate the crane and rigging work. 1.3. Repair and maintenance of the crane must be carried out by electrical personnel with a group of at least III. 1.4. The electric crane must be equipped with a limit switch for automatically stopping the lifting mechanism of the lifting device, which is installed so that after the lifting device stops when lifting without load, the gap between it and the stop is at least 50 mm. When lifting a load, it is forbidden to bring the hook holder to the limit switch and use the latter for automatic stop. 1.5. An electric crane must be equipped with two brakes: electromagnetic and load-resistant. The braking safety factor of the electromagnetic brake must be at least 1,25, and the load-resistant 1.1. 1.6. The electric crane must be equipped with a load limiter and a lower hook stop. 1.7. Before putting into operation, after overhaul and periodically, but at least once a year, the insulation resistance of the electrical equipment of the crane must be measured with a megohmmeter for a voltage of 1 V. The insulation resistance must be at least 500 MΩ. The electrical equipment of the crane, which has an insulation resistance of less than 0,5 MΩ, must be dried. 1.8. The crane must be subjected to a full technical examination. 1.8.1. Checking the technical condition and maintenance. Lubricate the crane in accordance with the lubrication chart. Lubrication of the intermediate shaft, motor-regulator, is carried out by packing during manufacture and after working out the recommended time, lubrication of the latch is carried out by laying in the place of contact of the bend with the hole in the channel shelf. The units are lubricated after disassembly during maintenance. During the operation of the crane, the following must be performed:
1.8.1.3. Every shift maintenance is carried out by the person who is to perform the work with the crane. 1.8.1.4. For daily maintenance, you must:
1.8.1.5. TO-1 includes the following works:
1.8.1.6. Periodicity TO-1:
1.8.1.7. TO-2 includes the following works:
1.9. Lifting mechanisms and load-handling devices must be provided with plates and tags indicating the inventory number, permissible load capacity and the date of the next survey. 1.10. Mechanisms and devices should be stored in dry rooms on racks, decks or on special hooks and be well lubricated. 1.11. Do not allow the cleaner to clean under the faucet while it is running. 1.12. Instructions on safety measures when working on this crane must be located at the workplace. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Prior to the start of work, a safety briefing should be carried out. 2.2. Before starting the crane, check the presence of lubrication at all lubricated points, make sure that the push-button posts are connected correctly, and that magnetic starters are turned on and off reliably. When lubricating, the following requirements must be met:
2.3. It is necessary to provide free movement for the person operating the crane. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. When operating the crane, the following requirements must be observed:
3.2. It is impossible to work on a crane that is faulty and does not have the necessary guards. Do not repair yourself. 3.3. Secure cargo. 3.4. The mass and dimensions of the cargo must correspond to the passport data of the crane. 3.5. The place of work on lifting and moving goods must be well lit during work. In case of insufficient lighting of the place of work, heavy snowfall, fog, and also in other cases when the person serving the hoist poorly distinguishes the signals of the slinger or the load being moved, the work of the hoist must be stopped. 3.6. The supply of electrical voltage to the hoisting mechanism from an external power supply must be carried out using an input device with manual or remote control to relieve voltage. 3.7. Load hooks for loads over 3t. must be made rotating on closed ball bearings, with the exception of hooks for special purposes. Load hooks, from the mouth of which during operation it is possible for removable load-lifting devices to fall out, must be equipped with a safety lock. 3.8. Lifting a load for which slinging schemes have not been developed must be carried out in the presence and under the guidance of an employee responsible for the safe operation of cranes. 3.9. Loads suspended from the hook of the lifting mechanism must be securely tied with ropes so that during their movement the fall of individual parts (boards, woods, pipes, etc.) is excluded and the stable position of the load is ensured during movement. Slinging of long loads must be carried out with a double sling, and in the case of vertical lifting - with a sling with a safety clip. 3.10. In the cargo movement area, all openings must be closed or fenced and safety warning signs posted. 3.11. The load, when moving in a horizontal direction, must first be raised 0.5 m or more above the objects encountered on the way. It is allowed to lower loads to a previously prepared place where their fall is excluded. For the convenience of extracting the slings at the place of its stop, it is necessary to lay strong gaskets. 3.12. It is forbidden to lower loads onto ceilings, supports and platforms without preliminary calculation of the strength of structures and overload them in excess of permissible loads. 3.13. It is forbidden to leave the load suspended, as well as to lift and move people with lifting mechanisms that are not designed for lifting them. In the event of a malfunction of the mechanism: when it is impossible to lower the load, the place under the suspended load must be fenced and posters "Danger zone", "Closed" should be posted. 3.14. Work with disabled or defective safety devices and brakes is prohibited. It is forbidden to simultaneously raise or lower two loads that are in close proximity. 3.15. Before lifting, the load must be raised to a height of no more than 300 m to check the correct slinging, the uniform tension of the slings, the stability of the lifting mechanism and the reliability of the brakes, only after that the load should be lifted to the required height. To correct the slinging, the load must be lowered. 3.16. The lifting of the load must be carried out smoothly, without jerking and swinging, avoiding its touching and twisting of the lines. 3.17. The deviation of the cargo rope from the vertical when lifting loads is allowed no more than 5 degrees. All friction parts of the hoists must be lubricated at least once a month. 3.18. When operating the crane, it is prohibited:
3.19. To ensure trouble-free operation of the crane, it is necessary:
It is forbidden to operate the crane if there is a gap between the guide rollers of more than 20 mm. With a large gap between the rollers, the ring gear of the rollers and the cheeks of the carts touch the lower shelf of the I-beam of the crane runway, which leads to jamming of the crane;
3.20. Each employee, if he himself cannot take measures to eliminate the violation of the Rules and safety instructions, is obliged to immediately inform the administration of all violations of the rules and instructions he has noticed, as well as malfunctions of machines, mechanisms, devices and tools that pose a danger to people. used at work. 4. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 4.1. After finishing work, turn off all the electric motors of the mechanisms, put the workplace in order. 4.2. Remove all fixtures, slings, auxiliary ropes, put in order the rest of the inventory, tools. 4.3. Report the completion of work to the supervisor. 4.4. At the end of the work, report the noticed defects, as well as the measures taken to eliminate them, to the responsible person. 4.5. Tidy up overalls, clean from dust and dirt, take a shower. 5. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 5.1 If a malfunction of equipment, tools, fixtures, equipment is detected, stop work and take measures to eliminate it. In case of impossibility or danger of eliminating the emergency on your own, inform the responsible person. 5.2. When repairing the crane and starting devices, a poster must be posted on the starting device: "Do not turn on - repair." 5.3. In case of deviations from the normal operation of the crane, immediately stop the crane and inform the responsible person. 5.4. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of the current, observing the requirements of electrical safety, provide first aid and call a medical officer, notify the management. 5.5. In the event of a fire, inform the fire brigade by phone _______, management and start extinguishing. 5.6. In case of illness, injury, provide first aid to inform the medical institution and the master.
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