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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Labor safety instructions for mechanics servicing lifting cranes. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation General labor protection requirements 1. To perform the duties of a mechanic for the repair and maintenance of lifting machines, persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, trained in the appropriate program and passed exams and have a certificate are allowed. 2. Permission to work for mechanics in the repair and maintenance of lifting machines is issued by order of the enterprise. 3. Re-testing the locksmith's knowledge is carried out by the commission of the organization: a) periodically, at least once every 12 months; b) when moving from one enterprise to another; c) at the request of the person responsible for supervision or the inspector of Gospromnadzor. In these cases, knowledge testing is carried out within the scope of this Instruction. The results of the re-inspection are documented in a protocol, the number of which is affixed to the certificate and confirmed by the signature of the commission chairman and seal. 4. A mechanic who has a certificate for the right to independently work on the repair and maintenance of a lifting machine must know:
5. When using lifting machines operated from the floor for repair purposes, the repairman must undergo special instruction followed by testing of skills, be able to operate the machine and know how to tie (hitch) loads in the manner established at the enterprise. 6. When using lifting machines controlled from a cabin or remote control for repair purposes, hanging the load on a hook is permitted only to mechanics who have undergone special training and have a slinger’s certificate. 7. Inform the foreman or mechanic about all breakdowns, breakdowns and accidents involving people on a lifting machine serviced by a mechanic. 8. Be attentive, do not be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations, and do not distract others. 9. In case of injury, stop work, notify the foreman and go to the first aid station. Take measures to preserve the situation in which the accident occurred. 10. The employee is responsible for violating the requirements of this instruction in the manner established by the Internal Labor Regulations and current legislation. Occupational safety requirements before starting work 11. Put the workwear in order: fasten the cuffs of the sleeves; tuck clothes in so that there are no flapping ends. Tuck hair under a tight-fitting headdress. 12. Carefully inspect the place of work, put it in order, remove all foreign objects that interfere with the work. Place tools and parts in such a way as to avoid unnecessary movements and ensure safe work. Keep your work area clean and tidy. 13. Check the availability and serviceability of tools and fixtures. 14. The tool must meet the following requirements:
15. Carry the tool to the workplace on the crane only in a special bag or box. Carrying tools in your pockets or in your hands when entering or exiting the crane from the stairs is prohibited. 16. When working, use local lighting with a voltage not exceeding 42 V. 17. When using a portable electric lamp, check the presence of a protective mesh on the lamp, the serviceability of the cord and the insulating rubber tube. 18. If electric welding work is being carried out nearby, require the administration to install a shield (screen) to protect the eyes and face from exposure to ultraviolet rays or wear special safety glasses. 19. Before cleaning, repairing, or inspecting a crane in operation and its parts, demand that it be stopped and disconnected from the electrical power supply, which must be carried out by an electrician in accordance with labor safety rules. 20. When working near moving parts of machines and mechanisms, require fencing of dangerous places. 21. The crane is taken out for repairs by the person responsible for maintaining lifting machines in good condition, in accordance with the repair schedule. Occupational safety requirements during work 22. When working in a vice, clamp the workpiece. 23. When installing in a vice, handle heavy parts carefully to avoid bruises if they fall. 24. When pressing or unpressing parts using a sledgehammer and a drift, hold the latter with pliers or a special grip. The punch should be made of soft metal. 25. When cutting metal with a chisel, use safety glasses with safety glasses or mesh. To protect others, be sure to install safety shields. 26. When working with a scraper, cover the second end with a special case or handle. 27. When cutting metal with hand saws, securely fasten the hacksaw blade. 28. In order to avoid burrs when cutting metal with scissors, the required gap between the knives must be adjusted; the knives themselves are well sharpened. 29. When working with power tools: a) work in rubber gloves and dielectric galoshes or on a dielectric mat if the operating voltage is above 42 V and if there is no double insulation of the tool; b) do not connect the power tool to distribution devices if there is no safe plug connection; c) protect the wire supplying the power tool from mechanical damage; d) do not carry the power tool by the wire, use a handle for this; e) do not repair electrical equipment independently; f) do not replace the cutting tool until it stops completely; g) during interruptions in work or power failure, turn off the tool; h) do not work with portable power tools on ladders. 30. When working with a blowtorch, observe the following rules: a) do not use a flammable liquid that is not intended for this lamp; b) do not pour flammable liquid into a burning lamp; c) do not pour flammable liquid near an open flame; d) if a malfunction is detected (fuel leak, gas passing through the burner thread, etc.), immediately stop work and replace the blowtorch. 31. When working with a pneumatic tool: a) before starting the compressed air, in order to prevent the tool (chasing, chisel, etc.) from flying out, press the latter tightly to the surface being processed, make sure that there is a device against the chisel flying out of the socket; b) carry the tool by the handle, not by the hose; c) at the end of work and during a break in work, turn off the air supply; d) it is forbidden to work with pneumatic tools on ladders; e) when working with a pneumatic chisel, be sure to wear goggles with safety glasses or mesh; f) when changing tools, close the air line valve and make sure there is no compressed air pressure; twisting or pinching the hose is prohibited. 32. It is forbidden:
33. Melt lead, babbitt and other metals and alloys directly under exhaust ventilation while wearing safety glasses. 34. If it is necessary to repair the electrical part of lifting machines, call an electrician. 35. Rinse parts with kerosene and gasoline and blow them with compressed air in specially designated areas in closed cabinets with local exhaust ventilation in compliance with fire safety rules. 36. When working on emery machines, follow the requirements of the labor protection instructions for the operation of abrasive tools on grinding, grinding and peeling machines. 37. Loads should be slinged only with serviceable lifting devices that are appropriately marked with the serial number, load capacity and date of testing, and on the container, additionally, with its own weight and purpose. Rope slings must have a tag with the indicated brands; chain slings must be branded at the end of the ring with which the slings are hung on the hook of the lifting machine. 38. The serviceability of rope slings is determined similarly to the rejection of ropes; a chain sling is rejected for wear of links exceeding 10% of the original diameter or elongation of a chain link exceeding 3% of the original size. Inspect lifting devices and containers before starting work. 39. Lubricate the ropes with ointment at least once a month, depending on the operating conditions of the crane (dust, soot, etc.). 40. When checking the mechanisms of the crane, the mechanic must: a) check the keyed fastening of couplings connecting the shafts of electric motors, gearboxes, etc.; If any play is detected, eliminate it; when the keys are worn out, replace them with new ones; b) if a loosening of the bolted connection of the coupling halves is detected, tighten the loose nuts; if the leather or rubber rings are worn out, put rings on the fingers of the elastic couplings; c) if the fastening of the bronze ring of the worm wheel on the rim in the gearbox or the keyed fastening of the worm wheel itself on the shaft is loosened, eliminate this dangerous defect; d) prevent longitudinal movement of the worm in the thrust bearing, which causes shocks when starting and stopping the electric motor; e) do not allow the outer rings of ball bearings to rotate in the bearing housing and ensure that the inner rings fit tightly on the shaft journal; f) if a broken tooth of any gear of the lifting mechanism is detected, if a crack is detected in the rotating parts of the crane mechanisms (gears, blocks, brake pulleys, coupling, etc.), stop operating the crane and inform the foreman about this; g) when trying the electric brake, make sure whether there is at least a slight reserve of the electromagnet thrust remaining, and whether the counterweights are firmly attached to the brake levers (if necessary, they should be strengthened with a chain); when the brake rods are weakened, periodically, depending on the wear of the linings, tighten the rods; h) if cracks or tears are detected in the brake band, stop operating the crane and inform the foreman about this; i) if there is significant wear on the brake pad lining, replace the worn linings; j) periodically, but at least once a quarter, check the fastening of the equalizing stationary block, as well as the condition of its axis; k) ensure that all accessible rotating parts of the lifting machine mechanisms, such as gears, shafts, ratchets, sprockets, keys, etc., are covered with guards of the appropriate design. 41. Start repairing the crane only with the permission of the foreman, who is obliged to give a specific task and ensure the safety of the workplace (arrangement of platforms, fences, hanging posters, etc.). 42. Crane repairs should be carried out only at repair sites. 43. All test starts of the crane, both during repairs and at the end of it, can be carried out only on the instructions and in the presence of the person responsible for the repairs, after he and the crane operator have checked the possibility of starting the crane; In this case, you must make sure that there are no foreign objects or tools on the tap. 44. Make an appropriate entry in the logbook about the repairs performed. 45. After changing the ropes and hook, as well as after major repairs or reconstruction, the crane can be allowed to operate only after an extraordinary technical examination in accordance with the current Rules. Occupational safety requirements at the end of work 46. At the end of the work, the mechanic must turn off the power tool and put his workplace in order. Collect tools and accessories, protective equipment, wipe the work area with a rag to remove any remaining oil, lithol, etc. equipment being repaired, hand over the work to the workshop manager. 47. Report all detected labor safety violations to Art. foreman, workshop manager or chief mechanic. 48. Before changing into personal clothes, take a hygienic shower. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 49. If a fire occurs, the employee must immediately notify the work manager, call the organization’s fire department by phone 225 or call the city fire department by phone 101, and begin extinguishing the fire using available fire extinguishing means. 50. In the event of an accident, measures should be taken to free the victim from the traumatic factor, provide first aid to the victim, notify the manager, and, if necessary, take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical facility. Until the investigation, keep the workplace environment and equipment as they were at the time of the incident, unless this threatens the life and health of others and does not lead to an accident.
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