Instructions on labor protection during electrical work on the supports of overhead power lines

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Instructions on labor protection during electrical work on the supports of overhead power lines. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, introductory briefing, briefing and on-the-job training, testing knowledge on labor protection, internship and having a qualification group in electrical safety not lower than III are allowed to perform electrical installation work and work on the maintenance and repair of overhead power lines.

1.2. When performing electrical installation work and maintenance work on overhead power lines, the personnel must:

1.2.1. Know and comply with the rules on labor protection when working on overhead communication lines in the scope of the duties performed, annually confirm the qualification group for electrical safety;

1.2.2. Know the technology of work;

1.2.3. Know the procedure for checking and using manual mechanical and power tools, devices to ensure the safe production of work, protective equipment;

1.2.4. Perform only the work that is defined in the equipment operating instructions or job descriptions approved by the administration of the enterprise, and on condition that the safe ways of doing it are well known to him;

1.2.5. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of accidents:

1.2.6. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations;

1.2.7. Follow the instructions on fire safety measures.

1.2.8. Pass a periodic medical examination in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 90 dated 14.03.96

1.2.9. Carry out work in accordance with the requirements of the Safety Regulations for the operation of consumer electrical installations.

1.2.10. Use overalls and safety shoes issued in accordance with industry standards.

1.3. When servicing overhead communication lines, the following hazardous and harmful production factors are possible:

1.4. Dangerous voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body, electric shock, electric arc burn;

1.4.1. Work near and at intersections with overhead power lines;

1.4.2. Work in the area of existing transport routes;

1.4.3. Insufficient illumination of the working area;

1.4.4. Work at height;

1.4.5. Falls from height of personnel and objects.

1.4.6. Work with harmful substances (epoxy resins, antiseptics, insulating varnishes).

1.4.7. Work on overhead power lines is prohibited:

during a thunderstorm and when it approaches;
at wind speeds over 15 m/s;
during snowfall;
during a storm.

1.4.8. Work performed in the order of current operation is performed solely with an entry in the log of work performed.

1.4.9. When performing work according to orders' and orders, organizational and technical measures must be carried out in full.

1.4.10. Each order for work with the necessary list of organizational and technical measures must be recorded in the operational log personally by the person who gave the order, or at his direction by the person of the operational personnel.

1.5. The victim or eyewitness immediately notifies the immediate supervisor of each accident at work.

1.6. For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the internal labor regulations or penalties determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Get a job from the master.

2.2. Before starting work on the support, check the serviceability of the teeth of the belts, fasteners at the claws of the sickle and ladder, at the belt - the serviceability of the carabiner, the integrity of the belts, chains.

2.3. Check and verify the availability and serviceability of the necessary tools, devices to ensure safe work performance, personal protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment. The electrician's tool must be in the bag.

2.4. Put on special clothes, special shoes, corresponding to the nature of the proposed work, adjust them without allowing constraint when moving.

2.5. Before climbing on the support, make sure it is strong.

2.6. Inspect and prepare the workplace, put it in order, remove objects throwing work. Lay out the working tool and accessories, auxiliary material in a convenient and safe manner.

2.7. Climbing to the support and work on the support should be carried out only after fixing the belt on the support with a chain and strengthening the claws in the established position.

2.8. When working on a support using antiseptics, use a canvas suit.

2.9. Having climbed onto the support, it is necessary to make sure with the help of the indicator that there is no extraneous voltage on the wiring.

2.10. When working on a support, you need to be located on the outside in relation to the wires on which the work is being done.

2.11. To straighten the supports, use traction mechanisms and braces, which are fixed on the support from the aerial platform.

2.12. The supply of tools and devices working at height should be carried out according to the principle of an endless rope, to the middle of which the necessary tool is tied.

2.13. To avoid accidents, do not:

climb onto a rotten support without preliminary strengthening with special supports;
climb an inclined, unreinforced or unusable support;
work on the support at the same time for two electricians;
dig out a support, tilt or correct it, remove clamps from an old prefix, or install a new prefix to a support on which an electrician is located;
work under voltage, in fog, rain, snowfall, at night;
place the tool on traverses, hang it on wires.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Work only in serviceable and carefully fitted overalls and safety shoes, use personal protective equipment required at this workplace in accordance with current standards.

3.2. Works with disconnection of 0,3 kV overhead lines are carried out if it is necessary to replace the wiring harness, when disconnecting or connecting wires on lines passing in explosive zones.

3.3. Without removing the voltage on the 0,3 kV overhead line, work can be performed on:

replacement of supports and their elements, linear fittings;
wire hauling;
connection or disconnection of branches to electrical receivers;
replacement of connecting, lighting and tension clamps;
replacing a section or restoring the insulation of a separate phase wire.

3.4. Wire suspension:

before unwinding the wires, all clearings, bushes and branches remaining after cutting down that interfere with unwinding must be removed;
when unwinding the wire, make sure that the wire does not catch on any object;
wires must be raised and fixed at a height that interferes with the passage of vehicles;
when hanging wires in populated areas and at intersections with roads to warn drivers and pedestrians on both sides, to meet traffic at a distance of 100 m from the place of work, signalmen with flags should be set up, and warning signs "Roadworks" should be installed on distance of 5-10m from the place of work;
suspension of wires across the railway track must be agreed with the Railway Administration.

3.5. Wire welding:

the welder must be at a distance of at least 0,5 m from the wire being welded;
when welding in a cold way, gloves and goggles are used as personal protective equipment;
welding from aerial platform must be carried out by at least two persons, one of whom must be an observer.

3.6. When welding with thermite method:

an unburned thermite match should be placed in a special trough, which is hung on the welder's shoulder;
the burnt cartridge should be knocked off the wire in the trough in the direction away from you;
spare thermite cartridges should be stored in a special metal box, in a work bag;
when carrying and rearranging boxes with thermochucks, avoid strong shocks and falls.

3.7. Dismantling wires:

wires from the supports should be removed sequentially, first of all, the lower wires are removed, and then the rest;
to prevent the worker from falling along with the support before removing the wires, it should be strengthened on three or four sides with levers;
remove the wires suspended in the span of the intersection above the contact networks of the tram (trolleybus), should be with the contact network disconnected;
work must be done in dielectric gloves, the wire to be dismantled must be grounded.

3.8. When dismantling wires, in order to avoid accidents, it is not recommended:

dismantle wires simultaneously on two or more adjacent supports;
cut at the same time all the wires on one support on one side;
work on the dismantling of supports and wires of overhead lines, as well as on the replacement of elements of the supports, must be carried out according to the technological map or the project for the production of works in the presence of the work manager;
it is allowed to climb the support and work on it only in cases where there is confidence in the sufficient stability and strength of the support;
workers are allowed to climb the support:
with electrical safety group III - for all types of work up to the top of the support;
with group II - during work performed with the overhead line turned off, to the top of the support, and when working on non-current-carrying parts of an unplugged overhead line - not higher than the level at which a distance of at least 2 m remains from the head of the worker to the level of the lower wires of this overhead line;
with electrical safety group I - for all types of work not higher than 3 m from the ground;
when working on a support, you should use a safety belt and lean on both claws if they are used;
when working on a rack, the supports should be located in such a way as not to lose sight of the nearest live wires;
supports that are not designed for one-sided tension of wires and cables and are temporarily subjected to repeated tension must be pre-strengthened to prevent them from falling. It is not allowed to break the integrity of the wires and remove the bindings on the intermediate supports without first strengthening the supports.

3.9. Installation of supports:

installation of supports with the help of crane drilling machines is allowed to be carried out by specially trained workers who have a certificate for this;
when performing work on a drilling and crane machine closer than 30 m from a power line, it is necessary to issue a work permit; the person responsible for the installation of supports must monitor all operations for lifting the supports and stop work in case of malfunctions; at the same time, the responsible person must be in the immediate vicinity of the work;
when installing supports manually, the maximum load per worker should not exceed 30 kg;
when installing supports on embankments, mountain slopes, take measures to prevent the supports from rolling /

3.10. When installing supports, in order to avoid accidents, it is not recommended:

stand under a raised support;
install reinforced concrete supports manually;
leave dug out supports and untied wires during breaks;
be in the pit when pulling out and lowering the supports.

3.11. Excavation:

digging trenches, pits, pits for supports should be carried out only according to approved drawings, which should indicate all underground structures located along the communication line or crossing it within the working area;
if gas is found in trenches or pits, work in them must be stopped;
when digging holes and trenches in soft soil, the walls must be reinforced with boards, at least 10 mm thick;
pits and trenches up to 3 meters deep are fixed with special shields;
digging the soil by digging should not be done in order to avoid collapse.

3.12. Work on rack lines:

for the convenience of servicing rack lines on steep roofs of buildings, work platforms and exit hatches located near the rack should be equipped; in their absence, access to the roof is made through the dormer window;
work on rack lines is carried out only with a safety belt, which is fixed with a carabiner for a safety cable;
work on a roof covered with ice or a thin layer of snow is allowed only when accidents are eliminated by a team consisting of at least 2 people;
materials and tools should be delivered to the roof by the internal stairs through the exit hatch or dormer window.
after completion of work on the roof, the remaining materials must be removed.

3.13. To avoid accidents when working on the roof, do not:

sit on a barrier or on the edge of a roof;
throw things off the roof.

3.14. Maintenance work on lighting fixtures from an overhead crane trolley must be carried out by less than 2 employees from duty or repair personnel (in the subsequent case, work must be carried out according to a work permit).

3.15. The device of temporary scaffolding, the use of ladders on an overhead crane trolley is not allowed. Work is carried out directly from the floor of the trolley or from scaffolds arranged on the trolley.

3.16. Before lifting a worker onto an overhead crane trolley, voltage is removed from its trolley wires. When working, you must use a safety belt.

3.17. It is allowed to move the bridge or the trolley only at the command of the work foreman, while the workers must be in the cab or deck of the overhead crane.

3.18. It is not allowed when working on corner supports associated with the replacement of insulators, wires or repair of fittings, it is not allowed to install a telescopic tower inside the corner formed by the wires.

3.19. During all work in open switchgears and in the security zone of an overhead power line, pneumatic transport and lifting equipment must be grounded.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Each employee who discovers violations of the requirements of this instruction, labor protection rules or notices a malfunction of the equipment that poses a danger to people is obliged to report this to the immediate supervisor.

In cases where a malfunction of the equipment poses a threatening danger to people or the equipment itself, the employee who discovered it is obliged to take measures to terminate the operation of the equipment, and then notify his manager about this. Troubleshooting is carried out in compliance with safety requirements.

4.2. If an accident occurs during work, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to his immediate supervisor and take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not and is associated with a danger to life and health of people.

4.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to release the victim from the action of electric current as soon as possible, in case of work at height, take measures. preventing him from falling. The equipment should be disconnected using the plug-in connector switches, cut the supply wire with a tool with insulated handles. If it is impossible to turn off the equipment quickly enough, other measures must be taken to free the victim from the action of the current. To separate the victim from current-carrying parts or wires, use a stick, board or some other dry object that does not conduct electricity; at the same time, the assisting person must stand on a dry, non-conductive place, or wear dielectric gloves.

4.4. In the event of a fire in a technical room, it is necessary to immediately start extinguishing it with the available means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, sand) and call the fire department.

4.5. If extraneous voltage is detected at the workplace, work should be stopped immediately and reported to the shift supervisor.

4.6. If you smell gas, you must immediately call the emergency gas service, inform the management of the enterprise, organize the evacuation of personnel from the building, do not turn on or off the pantographs, and ensure natural ventilation of the room.

4.7. In case of violation of the operating mode, damage or accident on the power-supplying equipment, the electrician must independently take measures to eliminate the malfunction and report the incident to the immediate supervisor or the person responsible for the electrical economy.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Make the necessary switch-offs. De-energize devices and equipment that are unnecessary for work. Make an entry in the log of work performed on the completion of work.

5.2. If the repair work on the electrical equipment is completed, then it is necessary to remove the portable grounding, warning prohibition signs, about which to make an entry in the operational log.

5.3. Tidy up your workspace. Remove tools, accessories, overalls and protective equipment to the designated place.

5.4. Ensure the fire safety of the premises.

5.5. Inform the shift worker (shift supervisor) about all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them. Hand over the shift and the keys to the EPU premises

5.6. Wash face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap.

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