Instructions for labor protection when working with electrified tools

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when working with electrified tools. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have professional training and have completed:

preliminary medical examination;
induction training;
briefing on safe work with electrified tools and on safety rules for the operation of electrical installations for the first qualification group;
training in safe labor methods and techniques and testing knowledge of labor safety in the qualification commission;
initial training at the workplace.

1.2. Before being allowed to work, each worker must be given overalls, special footwear, individual protective equipment in accordance with standard industry standards.

1.3. A portable electrified tool with a voltage of more than 36 V must be received for work complete with personal protective equipment (rubber gloves and a rubber mat or dielectric galoshes).

1.4. It is allowed to use only serviceable power tools, fully equipped with all the parts provided for by the design.

1.5. Tools and fixtures should only be used for their intended purpose.

1.6. Alternating current 127, 220, 380 V even at 0,05 A is dangerous, and a current of 0,1 A can be fatal.

1.7. All power tools must be equipped with tool-mounted switches.

1.8. To connect a portable power tool to a transformer or network, it is necessary to use a four-core rubber cable, the fourth core of which is intended for grounding, with a cross section of at least 1,5 mm2.

1.9. For tools with voltages above 36 V, the plug connection must have contacts for positive and early switching on of the wire that grounds the case.

1.10. Plug connections (sockets, plugs) used for voltages of 12 and 36 V must differ in their design from plug connections intended for voltages of 110 and 220 V, and exclude the possibility of erroneous connections.

1.11. A portable electrified tool must satisfy the following. requirements.

quickly turn on and off;
be safe in operation and not have open current-carrying parts accessible for accidental contact.

1.12. A portable electrified tool for voltages above 42 V must be put into operation complete with personal protective equipment (rubber gloves, dielectric galoshes, rubber mat.

1.13. Plug connections (sockets and plugs) used for voltage 12-42 V, in their design and color, must differ from conventional plug connections for voltage 110-220 V.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, it is necessary to carefully check the serviceability of the power tool and all its parts.

2.2. Before switching on the power tool, check:

whether the electric motor is turned off;
correctness and reliability of fastening of the working part;
whether the spindle cone and the shank of the working tool are cleaned (if the cone is dirty, the working tool will not be centered and will vibrate during operation);
compliance of the voltage of the mains to which the working tool is connected to the passport voltage of the electric motor;
reliability of fastening of all threaded connections;
ease and smoothness of movement of all chassis. details;
serviceability of the gearbox, for which the spindle of the power tool must be turned several times by hand with the engine turned off, if the gearbox is in good condition, the spindle rotates easily, without jamming;
correct direction of rotation of the working body;
the presence of all enclosing and other details;
cable condition, insulation integrity;
proper grounding.

2.3. Persons using power tools are prohibited;

transfer the power tool, at least for a short time, to other persons; disassemble the power tool and make any repairs yourself;
hold on to the cord of a power tool or touch a working tool; remove shavings or sawdust with your hands while the tool is running.

2.4. The working replaceable tool must be correctly selected and sharpened in accordance with the nature of the work and the type of material being processed.

Power tool cutting parts, drills, cutting chains, saw and abrasive discs, etc. must be exactly matched to the type of power tool and must be securely fastened in the fixtures.

2.5. Before connecting the power tool to the mains, it is necessary to check the filling of the grease fitting with grease and turn its cap to apply grease to the pin of the gears of the reducer.

2.6. If the power tool is stored in a warehouse for a long time, then before work it is necessary to check the condition of the insulation.

2.7. During storage and operation of the power tool, the possibility of water and oil entering inside should be completely excluded.

2.8. The length of the conductive cable must be such that it does not stretch and loosen the contacts in the plug connection, as this can cause a short circuit or a short circuit to the body of the power tool.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. A hand-held electrified tool should be used, as a rule, for a voltage not exceeding 42 V. The case of a hand-held electrified tool of class 1 (at a voltage above 42 V, not having double insulation) must be grounded (zeroed).

3.2. When issuing a hand-held electrified tool for work, the completeness and reliability of fastening parts, the serviceability of the cable, plug, insulation, protective covers, the clarity of the switch and the operation of the tool at idle should be checked.

3.3. When working with an electrified tool, it is not allowed:

leave unattended an instrument connected to the network;
stretch and bend the wire of the tool, allow it to cross with steel ropes of machines, electric cables, live wires, or hoses for supplying oxygen, acetylene and other gases;
work in open areas during rain or snowfall without a canopy over the workplace.

3.4. It is not allowed to operate a hand-held electrified tool with the following problems:

damaged plug connection, cable or its protective sheath, brush holder cover;
fuzzy operation of the switch, sparking of the brushes on the collector, accompanied by the appearance of a circular fire on the surface;
leakage of lubricant from the gearbox or ventilation ducts;
the appearance of smoke or smell characteristic of burning insulation;
the appearance of increased noise, vibration, breakage or the appearance of cracks in the body part, handle, protective fence.

3.5. When working with an electrified tool, the following requirements must be met:

work in dielectric gloves, dielectric galoshes or a dielectric mat when using a class 1 tool;
do not connect the tool to the switchgear if there is no safety plug connection;
protect the wire supplying the tool from mechanical damage;
do not carry the power tool by the wire, use a handle for this;
do not make any repairs to the power tool to the worker himself, but immediately return the tool to the pantry for repair;
do not replace the cutting tool until the motor stops completely;
during interruptions in work or a power outage, disconnect the tool from the network;
do not work from ladders;
do not transfer the power tool even for a short time to other persons;
do not repair wires and plug connections;
do not remove shavings or sawdust with your hands until the tool comes to a complete stop.

3.2. The connection of the power tool to the mains or transformer must only be carried out by an electrician. It is necessary to connect the power tool to the network only through special sockets that provide grounding.

3.3. It is forbidden to work without grounding, and in networks with a grounded neutral without grounding the metal case of the power tool, if the operating voltage exceeds 42 V.

3.4. If the electrical network to which the electric drill is connected is made on a four-wire system with a grounded neutral wire (zero), instead of grounding the power tool, it must be grounded, i.e., connect the body of the drill to the neutral wire of the network.

3.5. When turning on the power tool, the ground connection must precede the closing of the working contacts. When turning off the power tool, the working contacts must first be disconnected, and then the ground.

3.6. In rooms with increased danger, according to the degree of electric shock to people, it is allowed to work with power tools rated for a voltage of not more than 42 V. When working in especially dangerous rooms and outdoors, power tools designed to be connected to a network with a voltage of not more than 42 V and a frequency of 200 Hz must be used .

3.7. Two workers should work with power tools in metal tanks. At the same time, one of them, observing, is outside the tank.

3.8. It is forbidden to connect the power tool to the network when its electric motor is turned on. It is also not allowed to turn on the electric motor of the tool under load on the working body.

3.9. When the power tool is connected to the network, it is prohibited:

measure workpieces;
transfer details through the head of the worker;
remove chips, sawdust and lubricate the tool;
adjust the installation and change the working body;
take on a rotating cartridge to stop it;
insert or remove the working body from the cartridge until its rotation completely stops.

3.10. In the event of a power outage or a temporary interruption in operation for any reason, disconnect the power tool from the mains immediately.

3.11. The material to be processed must be stable and conveniently placed on. workplace, and securely fasten small parts in clamping devices during their processing.

3.12. If malfunctions, voltage on the case or other defects are found in the power tool, work must be stopped immediately and the master must be informed.

3.13. It is forbidden:

work with power tools in the rain, if the workplace is not protected by a canopy;
work with power tools at a height of more than 1,5 m from scaffolds or scaffolding that do not have the appropriate: fences;
work with an electrified tool from ladders and ladders;
leave the power tool on scaffolding, goats or hang it on ladders to prevent it from accidentally falling;
leave the power tool unattended, move from one work area to another with the tool's electric motor turned on.

3.14. When working with step-down transformers of three-phase current, observe the following rules:

turn on the transformer only after making sure that it is working;
be sure to ground the transformer case, as well as one end, or the neutral of its secondary winding;
do not touch the current-carrying wires of the transformer after connecting it to a current source, and also do not inspect the transformer that is energized;
at a voltage of 127 or 220 V, the housing must be grounded by connecting the grounding conductor of the hose wire or cable to the grounding clamp of the transformer.

3.15. When working with frequency converters, the following requirements must be met:

do not connect power tools to the converter without making sure that the converters are working;
do not turn on the converter in the mains without grounding its case;
protect the winding leads and terminal panels of converters;
do not turn on the plug-in couplings without disconnecting the converter from the mains.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of an accident or accident:

provide first aid;
call an ambulance;
report the incident to the master;
to maintain the situation of the accident until the arrival of the commission (if it does not threaten people's lives).

4.2. In case of fire:

immediately inform the foreman and the fire brigade by calling 01;
start extinguishing the fire with available means;
if necessary, remove voltage from electrical equipment located in the fire zone;
if necessary, the head of the site is obliged to evacuate personnel to a safe place;
meet the fire brigade.

5. Safety requirements upon completion of work

5.1. After the end of the work follows;

disconnect the electrified tool from the network by means of a plug-in connector;
clean the workplace from chips or sawdust with a special brush and hook;
thoroughly clean the power tool from dirt, oil and dust, and wipe the rusty parts with lightly oiled rags;
wipe the wires with a dry cloth, carefully wind them into a bay.

5.2. The electrician on duty must dismantle the sockets.

5.3 Store power tools in a dry, heated room. During storage, the instrument must be protected from moisture and dust.

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