Movement on frozen rivers and lakes. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Movement on frozen rivers and lakes. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Given that frozen river - this is the best way to travel in winter and in the off-season (autumn, spring), you need to know how to properly organize the movement.

In autumn or spring, ice is safe with a thickness of 10 cm or more, in winter - with a thickness of 4-5 cm or more and a temperature not higher than -5 ° C, with a distance between people of at least 10 m. Ice 7-9 cm thick at the same temperature completely safe.

The most dangerous are areas with thin ice or snow-covered gullies, which are formed at the confluence or outflow of streams, rivers, streams from lakes; near the rocks, driftwood frozen into the ice; at the confluence of several streams; at steep concave banks on sharp bends of the channel - here the current is greater, therefore the ice is thinner. In cold weather, the wormwood hidden under the snow can be recognized by its characteristic "floating". Such places, usually observed in advance, always have the opportunity to bypass.

A serious danger is the keys with warmer water away from the coast: failures in such places occur - in the absence of any insurance measures - unexpectedly. The only sign of a key gully of ice is water protruding on the tracks of a walking person. Although, if we approach this issue strictly, then water can come out when moving along the river and for other reasons. Having met such a place, it is necessary to go around it, dodging farther and farther to the side, until the water stops appearing in the tracks.

Walk on the ice one by one. The most experienced person goes light first - preferably with insurance. Its task is to determine the safe path for the entire group. With a characteristic crack of breaking ice, it is better to go back. If the ice begins to break, you should quickly drop your backpack (if you have one), lie on your stomach and try to crawl out of the danger zone, returning in your own footsteps.

When forced to move through a dangerous area on skis, you need to unfasten the waist belt of the backpack, loosen the shoulder straps, remove the loops of ski poles (lanyards) from your hands, and loosen the ski bindings. It is imperative to maintain an interval between people - 10 m. In case of failure, you need to free yourself from the backpack and skis, lean with sticks or elbows on the edge of the ice floe and, helping yourself with leg movements, get out onto the ice. When providing assistance, participants should not gather together and come close to the edge of the failure.

Help for someone who has fallen through the ice It is as follows:

it is necessary to keep the victim on the surface, giving him a ski, ski poles, a rope, a pole - what is available;
help get out of the water;
arrange a hot fire and change the victim into everything dry.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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