Precipitation survival: rain, fog, hail, snow. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Precipitation survival: rain, fog, hail, snow. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

As a result of the condensation of water vapor in the air, water in a liquid or solid state falls out of the clouds in the form of precipitation - rain, snow, hail, dew, hoarfrost, hoarfrost. Knowing the laws of formation and precipitation implies the study and ability to use local weather signs.

Man encounters atmospheric precipitation every day. For centuries, he developed means of protection with the help of the achievements of science and industry (modern dwellings, clothing, natural shelters, etc.). Living in a city or in a village, a person does not fully experience the negative effects of precipitation. Another thing is if he is one on one with nature, in conditions where life and work processes depend on his ability to guess the weather, on his skills to overcome natural obstacles. Any manifestation of atmospheric precipitation makes a person increased requirements for the possession of technical and tactical techniques, for the level of physical and mental readiness.

Long-term experience shows that short-term precipitation, as a rule, has an exciting effect on the human nervous system, long-term - depressing, with the manifestation of such negative emotions as irritability. The speed of reactions, the level of physical performance decreases.

As a result of precipitation, surfaces of all landforms become slippery, which reduces stability, thereby increasing the likelihood of injury. There are cases when on grassy slopes covered with freshly fallen snow, it was necessary to put on "cats", to organize a thorough insurance during the descents. Precipitation contributes to frostbite and freezing, reducing visibility to a minimum, distorting distances and volumes. Landmarks disappear, it is difficult to choose the path. It has been noticed that during precipitation, visual and auditory communication between group members worsens, especially in conditions of thick fog, heavy rain, and heavy snowfall.

The most realistic precautions for precipitation are the following:

The best thing is to organize a bivouac in the first safe place. If necessary, continue moving: go as close to each other as possible (although this threatens to reach a dangerous area for several people at once), since moving at intervals is dangerous with the loss of people; make frequent stops to check on people; on the terrain, where there is a possibility of a breakdown of at least one participant, insurance is necessary with the help of a rope and other improvised means.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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