Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

The basis of the military organization of our state is the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. They are intended to repel aggression directed against the Russian Federation, armed defense of the integrity and inviolability of the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as to carry out tasks in accordance with international treaties of Russia.

The involvement of the Armed Forces in performing other tasks is carried out by decision of the President of the Russian Federation in accordance with federal laws.

These tasks include the following:

assistance to the internal affairs bodies and internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in localizing and blocking conflict areas, suppressing armed clashes and separating warring parties, as well as in protecting strategically important facilities;
providing assistance to border troops in protecting the State Border of the Russian Federation;
assistance in the protection of maritime communications, important government facilities and economic zones, in the fight against terrorism, drug trafficking and piracy;
providing assistance to the population in eliminating the consequences of accidents, disasters and natural disasters.

The main functions of the Armed Forces are:

suppression of any unlawful armed violence directed against state sovereignty and the constitutional system, the territorial integrity of the country, the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of Russian citizens, objects of the Russian Federation on the territory of the country and beyond its borders, including in the World Ocean and outer space, in accordance with the norms of international law and the legislation of the Russian Federation;
ensuring freedom of activity in the World Ocean and outer space, access to international economic zones and communications important for Russia in accordance with international law;
fulfillment of allied obligations within the framework of joint defense against external aggression in accordance with concluded international treaties;
maintaining or restoring peace and stability in regions important for Russia by decision of the UN Security Council or other collective security structures of which Russia is a member.

The main tasks facing the Russian Armed Forces in ensuring national security can be distributed in four areas: containing military and military-political threats to the security or interests of Russia; ensuring the economic and political interests of Russia; carrying out peacetime power operations; use of military force.

Containment of military and military-political threats to the security or interests of the Russian Federation is ensured by timely identification of threatening developments in the military-political situation and preparation of an armed attack on the Russian Federation, as well as by maintaining high combat and mobilization readiness of strategic nuclear forces and their control systems.

Ensuring the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation includes the following components:

protection of Russian citizens in zones of armed conflicts and regions of political or other instability;
creating conditions for the security of economic activity of the Russian Federation;
protection of national interests in territorial waters, on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone, as well as in the World Ocean;
carrying out, by decision of the President of the Russian Federation, operations using the forces and means of the Armed Forces in regions of vital economic and political interests of Russia;
organization and conduct of information warfare. Peacetime military operations Armed Forces
carried out within the framework of the following tasks:
the fight against international terrorism, political extremism and separatism, the prevention and suppression of sabotage and terrorist acts;
partial or full strategic deployment, maintenance and use of nuclear deterrence;
implementation of peacekeeping operations under a UN or CIS mandate;
ensuring a state of martial law (emergency) in one or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with decisions of the highest bodies of state power;
protection of the state border in Russia in the airspace and underwater environment;
forceful support of the regime of international sanctions imposed on the basis of decisions of the UN Security Council;
prevention of economic disasters and other emergency situations and liquidation of their consequences.
The use of military force to ensure the security of the Russian Federation by the Armed Forces is carried out in the form of direct participation in armed conflicts; local wars; regional wars; large-scale war.

Composition and structure of the Russian armed forces

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces) consist of three services (Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy), three branches of the Armed Forces (Strategic Missile Forces, Space Forces, Airborne Forces), Logistics of the Russian Armed Forces and special troops.

Ground Forces (SV) designed for combat operations primarily on land. According to their combat capabilities, they are capable, independently or in cooperation with other branches of the Armed Forces, of repelling an enemy attack, firmly holding occupied territories, regions and lines, and conducting an offensive with the aim of defeating enemy troops. These troops include various types of troops, special troops and services.

Air Force (Air Force) designed to ensure the military security of the Russian Federation in the air sphere, to protect important administrative and political centers and regions of the country, bodies of higher state and military command, facilities and troop groups from air strikes and from space, destruction of enemy facilities and troops, as well as ensuring combat operations of other branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and performance of special tasks. They consist of associations, formations and units of aviation and air defense, as well as units and units of special forces and logistics. They are armed with combat, combat training, transport, special aircraft and helicopters, anti-aircraft missiles, weapons and military equipment of special troops and logistics.

Navy (Navy) designed for conducting military operations in sea and ocean theaters of military operations. It is capable of delivering nuclear strikes against enemy ground targets, destroying enemy fleet groups at sea and in bases, disrupting the enemy’s ocean and sea communications and protecting its maritime transport, landing amphibious assault forces, participating in repelling enemy landing forces and performing other tasks. The fleet consists of naval strategic nuclear forces and general purpose forces.

Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN) designed to destroy enemy strategic targets anywhere in the world, support combat operations of other branches of the Russian Armed Forces and perform special missions. These troops consist of missile formations. They are armed with missile systems with stationary and mobile-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. In many respects, domestic missile systems and their combat control systems are unique and have no analogues in the world.

Airborne Troops (VDV) designed to conduct combat operations behind enemy lines. They are capable of solving operational and tactical combat missions independently or as part of groups of other troops, both in large-scale war and in local wars and armed conflicts. Airborne forces can independently or jointly with multinational forces conduct peace and stability operations in accordance with a UN or CIS mandate, as well as perform various special tasks. The troops organizationally consist of formations and military units, special troops, military command and control support units, military educational institutions and educational units.

The paratroopers are armed with airborne combat vehicles of various classes, 120-mm self-propelled artillery guns, 122-mm howitzers, armored personnel carriers with anti-tank guided missiles, anti-aircraft artillery installations and mobile anti-aircraft missile systems, automatic and hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers, and modern small arms. All equipment and weapons of the Airborne Forces can be parachuted by military transport aircraft Il-76 and An-22.

Space Forces (KV) designed to cover important state and military control facilities from enemy nuclear missile attacks, support combat operations of other branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and perform special tasks. They consist of missile and space defense associations, military units for launching and controlling spacecraft. They are armed with anti-missile systems, space systems and multifunctional radar stations.

Rear of the Armed Forces - these are the forces and means that provide logistics and technical support to the army and navy in peacetime and wartime. The rear includes various units, institutions and units. They perform the following main tasks:

maintaining a stock of materiel and providing troops with them;
preparation, operation, technical cover and restoration of communication routes and vehicles;
ensuring military transportation of all types;
restoration of military equipment and property.

Special Forces are intended to support the combat activities of types and branches of troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and solve their inherent tasks. They include formations, units, institutions and organizations of reconnaissance, communications, electronic warfare (EW), psychological operations, engineering, radiation, chemical and bacteriological protection (RKhBZ), nuclear and technical support, aeronautics, automobile, road, pipeline , engineering and aerodrome, aviation and technical, search and rescue services, metrological, topographic and geodetic, hydrographic, hydrometeorological (meteorological), construction and cantonment of troops.

Based on the military-administrative division of Russia, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consist of 6 districts (Leningrad, Moscow, North Caucasus, Volga-Ural, Siberian, Far Eastern) and 4 fleets (Northern, Pacific, Baltic, Black Sea).

Military district is the main military-administrative unit of the Russian Federation, a combined arms operational-strategic territorial formation of the RF Armed Forces and is intended to carry out measures to prepare for armed defense and armed defense of our country, the integrity and inviolability of its territory within the established boundaries of responsibility. Each military district includes military command and control bodies, associations, formations, military units, institutions, and organizations of the Armed Forces.

Fleet is an operational-strategic association of the Russian Navy and is intended to carry out operational and strategic missions in a specific ocean (sea) theater of military operations independently or in cooperation with other branches and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Organizationally, each fleet includes formations and units of various branches and forces, as well as naval bases, bases, airfields and other institutions.

The basis of the Northern and Pacific fleets are strategic missile submarines and multi-purpose nuclear submarines, diesel submarines, aircraft-carrying missile-artillery and landing ships, naval, missile-carrying and anti-submarine aircraft.

The basis of the Baltic and Black Sea fleets are multi-purpose surface ships, mine-sweeping boats, diesel submarines, coastal missile and artillery troops and attack aircraft.

Authors: Smirnov A.T., Shakhramanyan M.A., Durnev R.A., Kryuchek N.A.

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