Protection of the environment from energy impacts. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Protection of the environment from energy impacts. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

As a result of the scientific and technological revolution, processes and devices, which are sources of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), which has now turned into a "raging ocean" of EMP, many times greater than the natural background created by the radiation of the Sun. Electromagnetic radiation of artificial origin, together with natural solar radiation, has a significant impact on human health, as well as on all living things in the biosphere. Electromagnetic radiation produces a biological effect on the functioning of the body as a whole, as well as on its individual systems - immune, endocrine, hematopoietic, and so on, as well as on the sense organs - eyes, ears, leading to various disorders and damage. Researchers have established the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation from high-voltage power lines on people living near these lines.

And to protect against such energy impacts, they propose the creation of a buffer zone of dense, dense forest plantations, including tall trees such as cypress and pyramidal poplar, between EMP sources and residential buildings. In addition, residential buildings and EMP sources must have a ground loop. Such radiation is created by television and radio centers (their transmitting devices), radars (airports, air defense systems).

Refrigerators, televisions, computers, radios, VCRs, vacuum cleaners, microwave ovens, etc. are considered to be sources of electromagnetic radiation directly in a residential or industrial premises that have a negative effect on the body. Experts consider them comparable in terms of the strength of the impact of some home electromagnetic fields on the human body. with electromagnetic radiation from power lines. The negative effects of computers on people's health during long-term work, manifested in the form of depression, stress, headaches, insomnia, skin irritation, eye fatigue, have been noted.

The variable electromagnetic field of monitors is a powerful source of alternating electromagnetic and electric fields of high and low frequencies.

According to the statistics of the studies conducted, high-intensity electric fields increase the likelihood of cancer by 7 times, and also contribute to a change in the structure of dental fillings, which leads to their destruction and the release of toxic substances. To protect against the above effects, it is necessary to use filters of the "maximum protection" class (type "MAX-MP-196"). In addition, ecologists recommend placing indoor ornamental plants and flowers in rooms where various electrical equipment, including computers, works. It is also mandatory to connect electrical appliances (including computers) to the ground loop of residential and industrial buildings.

Industrial enterprises, energy facilities, communications and transport are the main sources of energy pollution of the environment.

К energy pollution include vibration and acoustic effects, electromagnetic fields and radiation, exposure to radionuclides and ionizing radiation.

When solving problems of protection against energy impacts, a source, an energy receiver and a protective device are distinguished, which reduces the energy flow to the receiver to acceptable levels.

In the general case, the protective device has the ability to: reflect, absorb, be transparent with respect to the energy flow and is characterized by energy absorption coefficients, reflection coefficients, transmission coefficient. Therefore, the following can be distinguished protection principles:

1) due to the reflectivity of protective devices;

2) due to the absorption capacity of the protective device;

3) protection is carried out taking into account the transparency properties of protective devices.

In practice, the principles are usually combined, obtaining various methods of protection, in particular, isolation and absorption.

Isolation methods are used when the source and receiver of energy, which is simultaneously the object of protection, are located on different sides of the protective device. These methods are based on reducing the transparency of the medium between the source and the receiver. There are two main insulation methods: a method in which the reduction of the transparency of the medium is achieved by absorbing energy or by the high reflectivity of the protective device.

Absorption methods are based on the principle of increasing the flow of energy that has passed into the protective device. There are two types of energy absorption by a protective device: energy absorption by the protective device itself due to its selection from the source in one form or another, including in the form of irreversible losses, and energy absorption due to the high transparency of the protective device.

So, in a vibrosystem, the forces of inertia, friction, and elasticity act. To protect against vibration, the vibration isolation method is used, when a vibration isolator with a low transmission coefficient is installed between the vibration source and its successor, which is also the object of protection.

Vibration protection by absorption methods is carried out in the form of dynamic damping and vibration absorption. In the first case, the vibration energy is absorbed by a protective device that takes the vibration energy from the source. A protective device that increases energy dissipation as a result of increasing the dissipative properties of the system is called a vibration absorber. It is possible to combine these two properties at the same time using dynamic vibration dampers with friction.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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