Ways to improve the efficiency of human labor activity. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Ways to improve the efficiency of human labor activity. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Efficiency of human labor activity to a large extent depends on the object and instrument of labor, the working capacity of the body, the organization of the workplace, and the hygienic factors of the working environment.

Working capacity - the value of the functional capabilities of the human body, characterized by the quantity and quality of work performed in a certain time. During labor activity, it changes over time. At the same time, three main phases of successive states of a person in the process of labor activity are distinguished: the phase of increasing ability; phase of high stable performance; declining phase.

Important elements of improving labor efficiency are:

1) improvement of skills and abilities as a result of labor training, as this increases muscle strength and endurance, increases the accuracy and speed of working movements, and physiological functions recover faster after work is completed;

2) the correct location and layout of the workplace, ensuring a comfortable posture and freedom of labor movements, the use of equipment that meets the requirements of ergonomics and engineering psychology, ensure the most efficient work process, reduce fatigue and prevent the risk of occupational diseases;

3) the optimal posture of a person in the process of labor activity ensures high working capacity and labor productivity, since an incorrect posture leads to static fatigue, a decrease in the quality and speed of work performed, and a decrease in response to danger;

4) when organizing the production process, one should take into account the anthropometric and psychophysical characteristics of a person, his capabilities in relation to the amount of effort, the pace and rhythm of the operations performed, as well as the anatomical and physiological differences between men and women;

5) periodic alternation of work and rest contributes to high stability of working capacity.

There are two forms of alternating work and rest at work: the introduction of a lunch break in the middle of the working day and short-term regulated breaks, and the optimal duration of the lunch break is set taking into account the distance from workplaces of sanitary facilities, canteens and food distribution organizations.

The elements of a rational regime of work and rest are industrial gymnastics and a set of measures for psychophysiological unloading, which are achieved through aesthetic interior design, the use of comfortable furniture, the broadcast of selected musical works, the intake of tonic drinks, etc.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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