Ecology of the urban population. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Ecology of the urban population. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

The city forms many aspects of human life. When evaluating degree of ecological comfort of the city we mean, in particular, the level of social well-being (family budgets, housing provision, use of the service sector, children's education, health status, quality of medical care and social security, etc.), the degree of environmental safety and legal protection, employment and satisfaction their work (the nature and scope of employment, relationships at work, transport or pedestrian accessibility of the place of work, etc.), conditions for proper rest and recuperation, the degree of completeness of information support, conditions for the continuity of cultural traditions, etc.

An important place among such characteristics belongs to the state of public health, which can be characterized both by sanitary and demographic parameters (life expectancy, total mortality, infant mortality, morbidity, disability, etc.), and by a number of functions determined by it. Each function below, their balance is determined by socially and historically developed eco-socio-cultural factors (the duration of cultural traditions, their mobility, the degree of adaptability to modern conditions, methods of general education and vocational training, the specifics of the development of components of creative work, etc.).

So to the number fundamental functions of public health can be attributed:

reproduction of subsequent generations;
concrete living labor carried out by people in various professionally specialized spheres of social production;
education and training of future generations.

These functions of the health of citizens to a high extent depend on the characteristics of the local eco-socio-cultural complex (or complexes) that has developed over a certain historical time and constitutes the anthropo-ecological system of the city. This, on the one hand, includes all areas of urban development that ensure the daily activities of the population (architectural ensembles, landscape gardening areas, residential areas, including their modern modifications), and on the other hand, objects determined by the requirements of the economy, politics and other essential needs. These are production, energy, communication, management and other systems that ensure the functioning of the city as a single megastructure.

A high (in some cases, "superdense") concentration of functions within these eco-socio-cultural complexes leads to negative impacts on public health, reduces the efficiency of these functions, having a negative impact on the reproduction function, especially in connection with the possible increase in environmental pollution, an increase in genetic defects, an increase in morbidity, the peculiarities of the functioning and stability of the institution of the family, etc. In addition, it interferes with the normal socialization of generations and destroys living labor.

For cities, the problem of a flexible combination of various types of anthropological microsystems (production, information, socio-cultural, landscape-architectural, etc.) is very important. It will be possible to concentrate material, energy, information flows for the fulfillment of major social goals, while at the same time carrying out their certain concentration necessary for the implementation of public health functions, only if health routes are created in cities, including a variety of recreational zones (from Latin recreatio - restoration ), corresponding to the geno- and phenotypic characteristics of certain groups of people.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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