Civil defense. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Civil defense. Fundamentals of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

The presence of weapons in the arsenal of modern armies, major industrial accidents and disasters, the scale of damage from which is not inferior to weapons of mass destruction, forces the most serious attention to be paid to the problems of preserving the life and health of people under the influence of weapons of mass destruction. The problem is exacerbated by the increasing incidence of terrorist attacks using weapons of mass destruction (most often chemical and biological).

To commit a terrorist act, criminals choose large infrastructure facilities with a large crowd of people: metro stations, railway stations, supermarkets, indoor sports and concert halls, as well as city water supply systems, food batches. Therefore, in modern conditions the main task of civil defense is the protection of the population with the help of a set of measures aimed at preventing the defeat of people or attenuating the impact of damaging factors. It begins with the preparation of the management team, forces and means, as well as the personnel of the facility for actions in emergency situations and is organized and carried out in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for preparing the population in the field of protection against emergency situations."

The main tasks of training:

1) teaching the population the rules of conduct and the basics of protection from emergencies, methods of providing first aid to victims, the rules for using protective structures and personal protective equipment;

2) training and retraining of managers and specialists of the facility and the development of skills for the preparation and management of forces and means for emergency response;

3) practical development by the management of the civil defense services of the facility, the personnel of the formations of their duties in emergency rescue and other urgent work and methods for their implementation;

4) notification of the population and informing about the rules of conduct;

5) medical prevention and first aid to victims.

The training of special non-military formations is carried out directly at the facility according to existing programs. At the facility, the training of the management staff, specialists, commanding officers and personnel of the formations is carried out in the classroom, training of the emergency committee, staff training, command and staff exercises and integrated exercises.

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