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MODELING
Racing car Lotus-56V. Tips for a modeler
Directory / Radio control equipment When choosing a prototype for a model with open wheels (class A highway), we did not immediately pay attention to the Lotus car with a modest body architecture and a calm silhouette - a car like a car. But one of the guys asked an "innocent" question - why does he need a ship's pipe? Taking a closer look at the car, we realized that the prototype is fraught with many other mysteries: where does this racing car have exhaust pipes, where are the liners that supply air to the engine cylinders, why there are so few air intakes, why the car has the same front and rear wheels, etc. d.? They began to understand, and it turned out that the Lotus-56V, which was perceived at first as an "ugly duckling", can rightfully be considered the "swan" of automotive technology. If the ships gave him such an architectural element as a pipe, then the rulers of the air ocean - airplanes - shared their engine with him. A powerful gas turbine - that's what predetermined the peculiar appearance of the Lotus. Attempts to put gas turbine engines on sports racing cars are made quite often. Therefore, it makes sense to dwell on the benefits that designers are trying to extract from this type of engine. The hero of Remarque's novel "Life on Loan", a professional race car driver, said that the one who is better at shifting gears wins in tons. Indeed, accelerating and braking an internal combustion engine car, climbing hills and cornering require frequent shifting from low to high gear and vice versa. The fact is that piston engines have not very favorable torque characteristics - the value of torque and the value of engine power increase with an increase in the number of revolutions, and the power drops sharply with a decrease in the number of engine revolutions. So you have to "adapt" the car to the driving conditions using the gearbox. Probably, many of you have noticed that on a steep and not too long climb (for example, when entering a bridge), a trolleybus always easily overtakes a bus. This is the result of the fact that with a decrease in the number of revolutions of the electric motor, its power decreases slightly, and the torque transmitted to the wheels of the trolleybus, on the contrary, increases. By the nature of the flow of moment characteristics, the gas turbine and the electric motor are brothers. Both the driver of a tram or trolleybus, and the driver on the Lotus-56V set the speed with the gas pedal (in electric transport this is a rheostat pedal), and the engine itself adjusts to the road profile. More pluses. A gas turbine does not require much oil. Of course, she does not need water for cooling. And this means that there is no need for radiators, and, accordingly, the frightening air ducts to them, which literally stuck around modern racing cars, are not needed either. That is why the contours of the Lotus hull are so calm. A lot of air passes through a gas turbine engine - exhaust pipes are clearly not enough here. The designers had to provide a powerful exhaust pipe-gas collector behind the racer's back, and the protective casing of this pipe really resembles a ship's pipe. The technical surprises of the Lotus do not end there - it is designed with both drive axles. Therefore, all the wheels have the same diameter. Preliminary drawings of the Lotus model in the track version showed its great promise. Firstly, the case is wide enough to place the popular DPM-20 engine across the axis. Secondly, there are so few protruding parts on the model that there is practically nothing to come off during the races. The guys from the circle of highway modeling SYUT Tushinsky district of Moscow decided to "compete" with the designers of "Lotus" and make a model of it (Fig. 1).
The proposed design was developed by the winner of the review of scientific and technical creativity of the youth of Moscow and the Moscow region in 1978, Gennady Shelemetyev. It is designed for competitions of all ranks, that is, it is designed for intensive use. Its distinctive features are ease of manufacture, availability of materials, reliability in operation and ease of maintenance. The design of the model (Fig. 2) is made according to a rare scheme with a supporting body. The basis of the power frame is made up of two sidewalls cut from beech rulers and three cross braces. All parts are pulled together with shoe screws on glue. Recessed screw heads flush with the sides are cast with epoxy. It is better to cut out the sidewalls by gluing two pieces of the ruler through the paper. This makes it easier to mark the holes for the axles and screws. In addition, they will turn out the same, which is important for the appearance of the model. On one of the sidewalls there is a groove for the engine axle.
The rear bearings are made from copper tubes and are securely glued into the sidewalls with resin. The drive gear is taken from the NORMA engine kit and is slightly shortened. Landing it on the motor shaft does not require adapter bushings. A collar is cut out of tinplate. With two screws, it is attached as securely as possible to the upper plane of the middle connection and, through the engine, is attracted by one screw to the lower connection plane (view D). The end of the clamp is bent at a right angle on the edge of the bar, the excess is cut off. The fork of the current collector lever is soldered to the end of the clamp. Driven gear - from the razor "Kharkov-M"; its refinement is simple: the eccentric protrusion is removed and the inner sleeve is shortened (in place). The carrier - a square of tinplate with curved edges - is soldered to the rear axle. Bushings are put on the axle. The wheel rims are threaded, they are additionally secured with nuts. It is advisable to fill the thread above the nut with thick black nitro paint for fixing or provide lock washers. The center clearance in engagement is regulated by spacers between the engine and the bar. The front axle with soldered thrust bushings moves freely in the vertical slots of the sidewalls (view B). Ball bearings are pressed into the front wheels. The contact guide assembly is non-traditional. Complicated-looking slipper shoes are made from very common building bricks from prefabricated toys. First, we clamp the technological protrusions of such a block in a vice and grind its body to the specified dimensions (see drawing, pos. 10). Then we drill a hole Ø 1 mm under the axle. We bite off the technological protrusions with side cutters and, from the side of the holes for the axle, we bore the base with a file to a length of 6 mm and to the side walls, we clean the finished shoe with sandpaper. We make four holes with a thin drill or awl. We put a wire braid with a soldered wire into the shoe, which we carefully fasten with a thin copper wire. The excess wire is bitten off from the front tie, and the back one “curls” to a length of 1-1,5 cm, and a hook lever is bent out of this bundle. We grind the leash from plexiglass 2,5-3 mm thick. So that it does not "loose" at the landing sites, an overlay made of thin copper or brass is provided. The lining is crimped on a leash, holes are pierced in it, a spoke is passed - the axis of the shoes - and a cross beam, which are soldered to the lining. Shoes are put on the axle, and the entire knot is carefully soldered to two spokes-beams. Solder bushings to opposite ends of the beams, Referring to the drawing. The design is reinforced with stiffeners and a coupler. The limiter relieves the suspension assembly of the current collector lever from bending moments. The stop prevents the lever from sinking too deep. The rubber band loads the lever and each shoe separately with a moment. Its ends are passed into the holes in the rear frame and tied. Thus, to change the engine, you need to unscrew only one screw. And by removing the axle and untying the elastic band, you can quickly change the contact guide assembly. A few words about the manufacture of body elements. The top with cut holes for the cockpit is cut out of cardboard and glued with PVA glue to the sidewalls. After letting the glue dry, feel free to round off the upper edges of the sidewalls - the cardboard holds well. Glazing is stamped from thin plexiglass in the usual way on a blank. The front wing from a cut of a wooden ruler is glued to a millimetric plywood pallet, its configuration must correspond to the plan of the front part of the model's hull. On the foam pallet, the entire volume of the front part is formed, then the front part is securely glued to the transition frame on wooden studs (view A). The caps of the fairings of the front wheel disc brakes can be made from the bottoms of the canisters for the validol tablets. The fairings of the cap are made of wood. When finishing the model on the tracks, it is necessary to ensure that the leash does not get stuck on turns. The model is easily combined with a standard contact guide assembly. If you did not manage to get the DPM-20 engine, it is quite possible to make a model according to the same scheme and with the same gearbox with an electric motor DK-5-19 from the Exciton plant near Moscow. This engine, when its operating voltage is boosted to 12V, works very reliably. In general, the quality of the engine is beyond praise. The speed of the model with the new engine will drop slightly, but the risk of skidding the rear wheels will increase, because due to the light weight of the Exciton, the center of gravity will shift to the rear axle. The voluminous "collection" of the case makes high demands on the quality of its manufacture and finish. Coloring scheme of the model: the planes of the rear wings and the toe of the hull up to the circle with the number are bright orange; a place for numbers and a bottom of boards - white. The rest of the body is red, the exhaust louvers, rider's headrest and instrument panel are dark grey. On the casing of the branch pipe on both sides - the national flag of Great Britain "Union Jack". Overall dimensions of the racing car "Lotus-56V"
Author: I.Nikolaichuk
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