Small agricultural aircraft. Drawing, description

MODELING
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Small agricultural aircraft. Tips for a modeller

Modeling

The aircraft that we design and build do not have cockpits, but pilot seats in them. And they are not needed by an aircraft with a five-meter wingspan and a three-kilogram payload. "But then it's not a plane, but just a model," you say. Do not agree. The tele-piloted planes and helicopters emerging from the walls of our SLE are real, and the tasks they face are very serious.

The tele-piloted vehicle (RPV), which we want to talk about, is designed to resettle beneficial insects - trichograms. The main thing we were striving for when designing RPVs was to ensure high productivity. To do this, we designed a mechanism that scatters 2 capsules during a flight simultaneously in three directions: to the right, to the left, and down. Thus, a sufficiently wide grip was ensured. An air intake was installed directly behind the propeller, which caught part of the flow thrown off by the propeller. A jet of air spun a small turbine, which set the machine in motion. He seized capsules from the bunker, pricked them and sent "bombs" deadly for insect pests into the tubular wing spars. Part of the flow from the air intake also got there. As a result, they achieved what happens, say, for boys when shooting mountain ash from a tube: "bombs" rapidly flew out of the spars and, in the order specified by the program of the mechanism, fell on the cultivated field.

The layout of the fuselage was determined by the placement of a container for capsules and a spreader in it. The aircraft itself is a low-wing strut with a large aspect ratio. The fuselage of the RPV is of the "monocoque" type, with a working fiberglass shell of variable thickness - 0,5 mm on the tail boom and about 2 mm in the nose and central parts. There is only one frame in the fuselage, it is sawn from D16T material and glued into the central part of the gondola. Almost all RPV mechanisms are attached to the frame - the engine, spreader, main landing gear and wing struts.

The capsule container is formed by the forward upper part of the fuselage. This is a kind of hood; leaning forward, it provides access to the entire

"stuffing" of the aircraft. The container is loaded through a hatch at the top of the fuselage.

Directly behind the frame there is an air channel in which the spreader drive turbine is installed. From the same channel, the air is taken, which is necessary for ejection of the capsules through the channels in the wing.

Main technical characteristics:

Airframe weight, kg ........ 4,5
Payload, kg........5
Engine power, l. s.........1,2
Speed range, km/h.........12-140
Time in flight, min.........30
Distance from the operator, km ........ 1,5

Scheme and layout of a tele-piloted vehicle (click to enlarge): 1 - radio control units, 2 - container 3 - container cover, 4 - capsules with a trichogram, 5 - engine, 6 - adjustable air intake, 7 - container outlets

Motor mount with an engine displacement of 10,0 cm3 is fixed to the frame with shock absorbers. The fuel tank is located under the engine. Since the fuel level in it is below the hole in the jet, a fuel pump is installed on the engine.

Behind the two-bladed propeller Ø 320 mm and with a pitch of 120 mm is the air intake of the air channel.

RPV chassis - three-point, main struts - spring type, front - swivel, controlled synchronously with the rudder, chassis track Ø 90 mm with a width of 30 mm; they are foam-filled rubber tires. The main chassis spring is made of 5 mm thick steel bar.

The wing, stabilizer and keel are foam plastic, after processing their surfaces are covered with mylar film. The wing profile is plano-convex, the relative thickness is 15%, the stabilizer profile is symmetrical, the relative thickness is 12%.

The wing is cut out according to two metal profile templates, then it is lightened, and a tubular titanium spar (T18X0,5 mm) is installed in its front part. In addition to its main function - to serve as a wing beam - the spar is the channel through which the capsules are ejected.

The stabilizer of the aircraft is all-moving, foam plastic, reinforced with overlays in the area of the node.

The RPV is controlled by proportional radio equipment. Steering machines (with the exception of the aileron ones) are fixed on a common board in the front of the fuselage. Aileron machines are installed in the wing. The device is controlled by the course, roll, pitch; it is also possible to remotely change the operating mode of the engine, spreader and turn on the roll and pitch autopilot.

The most thorough tests of our device - about a hundred flights with a total duration of 25 hours - fully confirmed the calculations of the SKB-AM designers.

Author: V.Makeev

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