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MODELING
Strategic missile R-5M. Tips for a modeller
Directory / Radio control equipment R-5M is the world's first nuclear charge carrier rocket. Its launch weight was 28,6 tons, flight range - 1200 km. Developed in 1954 - 1956 in OKB-1 under the leadership of S.P. Queen on the basis of the R-5 rocket. In 1955, the R-5 missile system was adopted by the USSR, the launch weight and flight range of which were 29 tons and 1200 km, respectively. The mass of the combat charge is about 1 ton. When launching at a distance of 600 - 800 km, two or four suspended combat units could be used using a combined control system - radio and autonomous. Compared with previous products, it was possible to significantly improve the accuracy of firing the missiles themselves. After many technical improvements to the R-5 rocket, a new R-5M complex was created. It was equipped with an RD-103 liquid-propellant rocket engine operating on ethyl alcohol and liquid oxygen, developed under the direction of V.P. Glushko. The R-5M missile was put into service in 1956 under the symbol 8K51. Subsequently, on the basis of the R-5M complex, a large family of geophysical and research rockets was developed: R-5A, R-5B, R-5V and R-5VAO, reaching altitudes of up to 500 km and carrying scientific instruments for space exploration. The publication of this article is a tribute to the chronology of the creation of the first domestic missiles in OKB-1 under the leadership of S.P. Queen. The proposed copy model, in my opinion, is much easier to manufacture than R-1, R-2, R-2A. The model-copy of the R-5M rocket was made on a scale of 1:25. Of the mandrels needed to create it, only one is needed - for gluing the body. Its diameter is 65 mm, length is about 600 mm. Structurally, the R-5M rocket model is made of two elements. This is a cylindrical body (length - 556 mm) and a head part (length -270 mm), consisting of a cone (head fairing) and "revive". Such a model can be recommended for manufacturing to "rocketmen" who have little experience in designing - second-year study circles. Admittedly, this model has few flight demonstrations. And if you prepare it for competitions, then the main emphasis should be on the accuracy of manufacturing (copy) and the quality of finishing, coloring and marking. In other words, to achieve the maximum bench mark. And during flight tests, it is necessary to ensure a good flight, and, of course, stock up on two parachutes for descent parts. The manufacturing technology of the R-5M copy model is not much different from the creation of flying miniature rockets described earlier. Conventionally, a copy of this rocket can be divided into two parts: the head (length 270 mm) and the main body (length 556 mm). The order in which the parts are made does not matter and is dictated only by the conditions in which the model is created. The head part is a composite. It is machined from linden on a lathe from two elements. The first is the head fairing. He is conical. A linden blank with a diameter of 58 - 60 mm and a length of 150 - 155 mm is clamped into a lathe chuck and processed from the inside. First, drilling with a diameter of 100-110 mm is made to a depth of 12 - 14 mm, then to a length of 50 - 60 mm - with a drill with a diameter of 24 - 25 mm. After that, the resulting drilling is bored inside with a long cutter, having previously turned the tool holder by 11 °.
Thus, the head fairing is lightened, bringing the thickness of its wall to 4 - 5 mm. The free end of the part is trimmed and an external groove is made with a diameter of 52 mm and a width of 15 mm. It will be needed to connect with another element, which is called "animated". Having removed the received part from the machine, another workpiece is clamped into the chuck (preferably from birch). A through hole with a diameter of 15-20 mm is drilled in it and an internal boring with a diameter of 15 mm is made to a depth of 20-52 mm and a head fairing is "planted" into it. For a guarantee, at the same time, in three places (along the circumference), drip a little PVA glue "Joiner". After allowing the glued joint to dry, the part is processed from the outside. In this case, the tool holder must be rotated 11 ° in the opposite direction from the zero mark. Without bringing the outer diameter to the desired one (by 0,5 mm), the resulting fairing is removed from the cartridge and another blank with a diameter of 69 - 70 mm is fixed to make the second element of the head part - "come alive". First, a hole with a diameter of 50 - 51 mm is drilled and a bore is made from the free end to a depth of 10 mm to a diameter of 52 mm, adjusting it to the size of the wide edge of the head fairing. After that, they glue it into the "alive". When the compound dries, treat the outer surface of the entire head. In this case, an excessive increase in the transverse feed of the cutter should be avoided. With such a length (more than 250 mm) it can "tear" the part out of the cartridge. Having processed the fairing from the outside with a cutter, file and sandpaper, it is covered with two or three layers of nitro-lacquer. At a distance of 253 mm from the top, a groove 20 mm wide and 52 - 52,1 mm in diameter is made for attaching the fairing to the housing sleeve when assembling the entire model. A plug (boss) with a loop is fixed inside the end part. The body of the R-5M copy model is glued from two layers of drawing paper on a mandrel with a diameter of 65 mm. After allowing the resulting part to dry, the seam and body are treated with sandpaper and covered with one layer of nitro-lacquer. Thus, the pile of paper is removed after sanding. Next, mark the location of the welds with a pointed pencil and paste over the entire body with writing paper, having previously marked the rivet seams with a knurling - a clock gear with a pitch of 23 mm.
Strips of paper with a width of no more than 100 - 120 mm should be glued using PVA glue. Otherwise, wrinkles and irregularities appear. After drying, treat the surface with fine sandpaper and cover with two or three layers of nitro-varnish. Then external elements are glued - connector blocks, boxes, hatch covers, antennas, etc. Welds are imitated by sticking thin strips of paper (0,5 - 0,7 mm) or threads, having previously covered them with nitro-glue. After that, the mandrel is clamped (the body is on it) into the lathe chuck and the body is trimmed at low speeds to the desired length - 556 mm. The mandrel is placed in a humid environment - outside the window (between the frames) or above a bucket of water and the body is removed from the mandrel. It turns out tough and durable. Due to the large length of the body, and consequently, the large internal volume, a fire tube was used on the model. It allows you to fully use the impulse of the regular expelling charge of the MRD. A fire guide 385 mm long is glued from paper in one layer on a mandrel with a diameter of 20 mm. Three frames made of balsa are “put on” on it (one of them is a power frame, its thickness is 6,5 mm) and glued into the model body, a connecting sleeve made of linden is attached to its upper edge, and a halyard (strong thread) 350 long is glued - 400 mm. Stabilizers (there are four of them) are cut out of a balsa plate 6 mm thick, making their dimensions 2 - 3 mm smaller than necessary. Then three sides (except for the larger one) are edged with linden slats, connected into a package and processed along the contour. After that, having disassembled the package, each blank is profiled and pasted over with writing paper, having previously marked the rivet seams, then coated with nitro-lacquer (enamelite). After drying, the large side of the stabilizers is made concave (with a round file) and a bamboo pin 2 mm in diameter and 6 mm long is glued. Mark the attachment points of the stabilizers on the aft part of the hull and attach them to the epoxy resin. The guide rings are bent from a steel wire with a diameter of 0,8 mm, which are glued on the resin to the body so that they are not conspicuous - at the place where the box is attached. All external elements of the bottom part (supports, gas rudders) are cut out of linden, painted and fixed after assembly and painting of the entire model. Aerodynamic handlebars are made removable. They are cut out of fiberglass with a thickness 2 mm, profiled. Studs (OBC 0,8 mm) are glued to the large side, with which they are inserted into the drilling of the stabilizers. Preparation and launch After assembling the model, it is sanded and a layer of developing paint is applied. For this purpose, "silver" is suitable. She shows a lot of roughness. Then they are again treated with fine sandpaper and painted in the desired color. Basically khaki. But the main guide in this case is the available documentation. Before starting the model, it is necessary to center it - find the position of the center of gravity (CG) and the center of pressure (CP). It is known from theory that the CG should always be ahead of the CP. On this model, ready to fly, this distance is 25 -30 mm. The position of the CG can be determined by placing the model on the ruler. The CD is also approximately determined. It is necessary to cut out the side contour of the model from a homogeneous material and find the CG of a flat figure. It will be the CD of the copy model. In a particular case, the CG is located at a distance of 280 mm from the top. The flight weight of the R-5M copy is about 170 g. It starts on the MRD 10-10-3 engine, is equipped with two parachutes (head and body) with a diameter of 400 and 500 mm, respectively. Author: V.Rozhkov
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