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TOOLS AND MECHANISMS FOR AGRICULTURE
Motor unit on cutters. Drawing, description
Directory / Tools and mechanisms for agriculture Many mechanical devices have been created for tillage, which greatly facilitate this process. Here are motor plows, micro tractors, and mechanized hoes ... Of course, each such unit is calculated for processing certain areas: a motor tractor, for example, is convenient for fairly long runs, a motor plow is more suitable for smaller plots, but it is best not to plow small beds, a... milling. The purpose of this publication is precisely to acquaint you with the design of a simple motor cutter. As a power unit for it, you can use any engine from the Sh series (Sh-52-Sh-58) with a cylinder displacement of 50 cm3. The cutting tool (cutter) of the unit is assembled from steel strips with a section of 5x40 mm. For each of the cutters, eight pieces are required. The strips are bent in the form of the letter G and are connected with each other with M6 bolts, forming four crosses. The latter are welded in pairs to two bushings having internal holes in the form of hexagons. The frame of the motor-cutting machine is based on a steel box, in which one of the stages of slowing down the chain reducer is located. The box is welded from plates 4 mm thick and two bearing housings located in its lower part. In the upper part of the box, two holes are cut through which the intermediate shaft passes. The latter rotates in two bearings (205), located in two housings, each of which is welded from a steel plate 5 mm thick and a steel ring. The housings can move along the box due to the oval holes on the plate - this makes it possible to tension the chain connecting the sprockets of the working and intermediate shafts. To fix the selected position, two threaded studs welded to the base plates, an overlay with slotted holes and two nuts with washers are provided. The engine is mounted on a bracket welded to the front of the box. The horizontal and vertical parts of the bracket are segments of the steel profile "taurus", the brace is a steel strip with a section of 5x40 mm. On the vertical part of the bracket there are two brackets made of a 5 mm thick strip - the engine is attached to them with two M8 threaded bolts. The handles of the cutter are curved from two steel pipes with an outer diameter of 22 mm. Between the handles is a fuel tank with a capacity of about 2 liters, soldered from galvanized roofing iron. The handles are attached to the frame through an adapter - a roller with two flanges and a split pipe-clamp with a clamping handle. The clamp pipe is fixed on a stand welded to the cutter frame box.
At the rear of the frame there is a coupling device - a steel strip with a U-shaped bracket welded to it. When using a motor cutter in the basic version, a brake crutch is pivotally fixed in the coupling device, with the help of which the speed of advance along the arable land and the degree of tillage are regulated. When using the unit in the version of a motor-tractor (together with a transport trolley), instead of a crutch, an eye of the trolley carrier is fixed. Naturally, in this case, instead of milling cutters, wheels are installed on the working shaft. The motor cutter will require three sprockets - two of them (Z-25 and Z-11) are located on the intermediate shaft and one (Z-15) on the working one. All sprockets are machined from steel, but a welded construction option is possible: the hub is a piece of a suitable pipe and the disk is a 7 mm thick steel plate. When assembling the unit, special attention should be paid to the installation of the engine: the axis of its sprocket must coincide with the axis of the sprocket and the intermediate shaft. For convenience, make the engine mounting brackets wider than the lugs on its crankcase and use spacers during assembly - this will help to more accurately align the planes of the sprockets.
If, after starting the engine, it is found that it is overheating, you will have to construct a simple fan. For Sh series engines, this is quite simple - a hole is cut in the crankcase cover, coaxial with the magneto flywheel, and the centrifugal fan impeller is fixed on the latter. The snail and air duct can be knocked out of the aluminum sheet. It is best to hood the engine - for this you need a sheet of roofing iron or duralumin, bent in the form of the letter P. Cover the cutters (wheels) with mud shields. The engine controls are no different from the regular ones. On the handles of the motor cutter are mounted handles for "gas", clutch, speed switch. The engine is started manually with a kickstarter. The transport trolley is assembled on a tubular frame. A body assembled from ten-millimeter plywood with the help of duralumin or steel corners is fixed on it. The driver's seat is installed directly in front of the body - for this purpose it is best to use the frame of an old metal chair. The wheels of the transport trolley must be equipped with drum brakes; the handle of their drive is fixed on the trolley itself.
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