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BUILDER, HOUSEHOLDER
Rippers for tillage. Tips for the home master
Directory / Builder, home master My tools are designed for tillage in the garden and orchard. The main type of work in the spring-summer period is the preparation of beds for planting and caring for plants. Therefore, more than a third of the set are rippers. They are divided into three types: one-, two- and three-hook, and each is used depending on the planting density and soil condition. Where the gaps between plants are large, it is convenient to work with three hooks - they are the most productive; and where the plantings are thickened, it is more convenient to slowly loosen the ground with two or one hooks. I know from experience: the most popular are single-hook rippers. The fact is that vegetable gardens, as a rule, are planted closely, every inch of land is saved. The root system of plants is different, so I had to make several options. Rippers differ from each other only in size, which depends on the type of cultivated crops. So in order and start - with the smallest. FOR FLOWERS AND STRAWBERRY The baby ripper is especially good for the elderly and children (Fig. 1, option 1). Both of them, I saw, they work with pleasure. The soil lends itself to it very easily. It is intended for work in strongly dense places, literally in thickets.
The ripper is made of steel bar Ø 6 mm without heat treatment. The bar is bent in a vice and then forged. The other end is sharpened with a file, and a short wooden handle is impaled on it. So that it does not split at the same time, its end is equipped with a ring cut off from an aluminum pipe Ø 20 mm.
ON THE VEGETABLE PED Ripper. It is used (Fig. 1, option 2) for deep loosening in narrow passages. It is also convenient for them to cultivate the soil on carrot, beet, cucumber, onion beds, among strawberry bushes and large flowers.
It is made of a rod Ø 8 mm (chaise lounges are made from such a rod, on which babies are bathed in baths). The handle here is short, but thicker. EVEN UNDER TREES! Universal. The ripper (Fig. 1, option 3) is so named because it is suitable for cultivating the land under almost all plantings. Even under the trees! But I use it mainly for loosening the soil under the bushes of currants, gooseberries, chokeberries, lilacs.
The ripper is equipped with a long and durable handle. The hook here is made of a rod Ø 10 mm, the wheel axles of baby carriages have such a diameter. It happens that worn-out strollers rust in vain on the street. And they are made of good metal! Since significant loads fall on the hook of the universal ripper, it must be hardened after forging. I do it like this. I pierce the hook on the fire and slowly lower it into engine oil. After the metal has cooled, I wipe it with a rag, removing scale, and again keep it in the flame until a golden color appears. After holding it on fire, I lower it into cold water. MORE CONVENIENT THAN CUTTER And finally, a single-hook ripper (Fig. 1, option 4) from a Ø 12 mm bar. This is almost a chopper, only with a narrow and sharp blade. It is intended mainly for the care of large bushes, trees and for the rough preparation of beds for planting. But this, of course, is not limited to the range of its application. The ripper is equipped with a long handle, you can work with it while standing. This is especially convenient for older people.
The hook is forged and hardened according to the technology described earlier. One subtlety: the load on the hook is much higher here, so it must be fastened as shown in Figure 2. Such fastening is more reliable and durable. Now one general remark. In principle, you can have only two handles: short and long. Fasten a nut with an M8 thread at the end of the short one, and M6 at the end of the long one. Well, at the end of the hook you need to cut the thread (Fig. 10). TWO FUROWS AT ONCE The double-hook ripper is made from a Ø 6 mm bar. They are good at handling rare plantings: the same vegetables, berries, flowers. A tool was made (Fig. 4) from a workpiece of at least 800 mm. The double end of the hook is formed with a hammer in the form of a wedge and corrected with a file. The rod is thin, so both the wedge and hooks can be forged without preheating, but it is still necessary to harden the working part of the tool. The piece is folded in half. A wooden handle, reinforced with an aluminum ring, is mounted on the tip of the wedge. FLORIST'S TRIDENT With a three-hook ripper (Fig. 5), in a matter of minutes, you can literally turn a compacted bed into whipped foam, quickly tidy up the soil under tomato bushes, among roses, tiger lilies, and so on.
The ripper is made from two blanks Ø 6 mm and a length of 800 mm and 400 mm. The long part with forged hooks is bent in half, and the middle hook is welded to it. Then they are hardened together. The end of the ripper is pointed, and a short handle is mounted on it. GARDEN RIPPER I will also tell you about a powerful three-hook ripper (Fig. 6) made of bars Ø 8 mm. It has no equal when caring for fruit trees and bushes, thanks to the long handle it is convenient to process large areas of land.
It is made using exactly the same technology as the previous three-hook ripper, but only the hooks must be forged in a heated state. And the method of attaching it to the handle is somewhat different. It is more reliable to weld the ripper to the pipe section approximately as shown in Figure 2. The last stage is hardening. All rippers differ in durability, wear resistance and reliability in work. They easily enter even in heavy and viscous soil. UNIVERSAL DIGGER The device is intended for digging up individual root crops and bulbs where it is impossible to do this with a shovel; it can also make all kinds of holes and recesses.
Outwardly, the digger resembles a chisel. Actually, it is made of it, only the blade is thinned with a file to make it more convenient to work with. You can also make a digger from a worn file, first releasing it thermally. SCOOP It's good that it never breaks. Please note: it does not have a neck - the weakest point of all scoops manufactured by industry. The tool is made of a pipe, part of the cylindrical surface of which is ground on an electric emery. The edges of the cut are then somewhat divorced - it turned out to be a scoop. Next, the scoop was given an appropriate shape, and it was mounted on the handle.
COLLECTOR Next comes a small group of choppers. One of them is arranged in the same way as any of the rippers described in the first article. Only the hook is given a slightly different shape, corresponding to the purpose of the tool.
It is convenient to work with such a chopper in cramped conditions, in the thick, where you cannot turn around with an ordinary chopper. In addition, the shape of the tool allows you to loosen the soil evenly without crushing it. COMBINED CRUSHER It is good for this: it creates little resistance to the soil due to its special shape. Its thin and sharp blade copes very well with the roots of weeds. The other end of the chopper can break earthen clods, make furrows for seedlings, grooves for water drainage.
A combined chopper consists of two parts: a blade made from a fragment of a saw or a shovel (hardened from a shovel) and a piece of pipe sawn off from an old bed. The pipe is flattened at one end and welded to the blade. A cutting is inserted into the other end. WITH REINFORCED BLADE For particularly heavy clay soils, it is necessary to have a tool with a reinforced blade. This is achieved by flanging. Figure 11 shows not one tooth at the blade, but five is an option. I have choppers with flanged blades, both with one tooth and with five.
SCRAPER This is the original instrument. I have never met anyone like him. Designed for the destruction of weeds. It is moved away from itself along the surface of the earth - the weeds are cut off. The earth remains untouched. This scraper is good for cleaning paths in the garden.
It is made of two parts: a piece of a hacksaw blade and a pipe trim. The pipe is cut off from the upper arc of the old bed and riveted (or welded) to the canvas. A cutting is inserted into the other end of the pipe. PLOW More like an irrigation tool. Ditches for watering and draining water are made with a plow. But with the same success, they can spud some plants. Since the plow is mounted on a long handle, it works tirelessly.
The plow share is made of sheet steel 2-3 mm thick. A holder with a handle is welded to it. The holder is exactly the same in design as any of the rippers. After welding, the plow must be hardened. PUNCHER An indispensable assistant on the site. Feed the trees, take the soil for analysis, make a hole for the stake - in all these and other cases, you cannot do without a perforator. It is not surprising to work with them: with one movement, the tool is inserted into the ground, then rotated around the vertical axis and removed along with the column of soil. It is only undesirable to drop something into the hole - you won’t get it later.
The design of the perforator uses pipes from the same old bed. A part of the cylindrical surface was ground off with electric emery, its edges were separated and sharpened with a file. This is the working part. A step is put on top and welded to the pipe (it is stepped on with a foot during operation). The top of the perforator is crowned with a T-shaped crossbar - a handrail. The length of the working part is selected according to your height. FALLEN APPLE PICKER I gave it to my next door neighbor. It is difficult for her to bend down, so the pick-up came in handy for her.
By design, it is similar to a two-hook ripper, but nothing needs to be forged and hardened. The loads from the fruits are small, so it is enough to bend the teeth from thick wire and drive the bent end into the handle. ORIGINAL RAKE Made from regular forks. Their teeth are shortened, then heated, bent and sharpened. The stalk is attached as usual.
These are very powerful rakes. It is not worth talking about their appointment. Everyone knows what they are for. Author: N.A. Kovalevsky
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