Double storey. Drawing, description

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Double storey. Tips for the home master

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Despite the fact that the industry offers an increasing selection of bread bins, they still rarely meet the public requirement - the good preservation of bread: it either quickly becomes stale or moldy in them. Wooden structures are more reliable in this regard, especially since they are quite affordable for self-production.

Here is one of them, the material for which will be plywood 12 mm thick. This bread box has two features: firstly, it is two-story - in it the compartments for white and black bread are located one above the other. Secondly, its cover is not rigid, as usual for industrial options, but elastic, although it is made of the same plywood.

Now more about the device. The bread box consists of a bottom, a middle shelf, two sidewalls, a top panel, a type-setting cover and a back wall, which simultaneously serves as a handle for carrying or hanging on the wall. All parts are interconnected with glue (epoxy, carpentry, PVA), but it is better - on plug-in round spikes: the structure will be stronger.

Before assembly, the workpieces are carefully processed along the edges with a coarse-toothed file, and then polished with sandpaper. It is better not to paint the surfaces prepared in this way, but to rub with wax or paraffin and polish with a cloth. Previously, patterns or drawings can be applied to visible planes - by carving or burning. The bread box will look good if it is covered with light furniture varnish in several layers.

The bread box and its details (click to enlarge): 1 - bottom, 2 - cover-blind, 3 - sidewall, 4 - top panel, 5 - rear wall-handle, 6 - inner shelf

In conclusion, a few words about the unusual flexible cover. It is assembled from narrow boards cut from the same plywood, glued one to the other on the fabric, which, after assembly, will become the lower (inner) layer. In the sidewalls under the lid, grooves are selected with a cutter or chisel - the lid-curtain will move along them. A bar-handle glued on the first bottom plank serves not only to lift the lid, but also to hold it.

The dimensions of the details of the bread box are based on a small supply of bread, for a small family. If necessary, they can be increased - the design allows this.

Author: B.Vladimirov

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New chemical element 11.05.2014

The Helmholtz Center for the Study of Heavy Ions (Darmstadt, Germany) synthesized four ununseptium atoms, thereby confirming the existence of the 117th element of the periodic table.

Ununseptium was first obtained at the Russian Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in 2009. For the synthesis of the 117th element, a target of the 97th element, berkelium-249, obtained at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA), was bombarded with calcium-48 ions at an accelerator. Ununseptium formally belongs to the halogens, but its chemical properties have not yet been studied and may differ from those characteristic of this group of elements.

During a long (more than half a year) experiment, 6 events of "birth" of the 117th element were registered. The decay properties of the isotopes of ununseptium and its daughter products - the isotopes of elements 115, 113, 111, 109, 107 and 105 - are direct experimental proof of the existence of "islands of stability" of superheavy nuclei.

Despite the achievement of Russian scientists, the existence of the 117th element was not recognized by the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, since it required independent confirmation. Now this element has been synthesized by German researchers.

The heaviest natural element - uranium - has an atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus) 92. Elements heavier than uranium are obtained in nuclear reactors, the heaviest of them is fermium with number 100. All heavier elements were obtained at accelerators in reactions accelerated to high energies ions with target nuclei. As a result, nuclei of superheavy elements are formed, which exist for a very short time, and then decay. Thus, the half-life of ununseptium is 78 milliseconds.

Note that from 2000 to 2010 physicists from the Flerov laboratory at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, near Moscow, have synthesized for the first time the six heaviest elements with atomic numbers from 113 to 118. Two of them have already been officially recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and have received the names flerovium (114) and livermorium (116 ). The application for the discovery of elements 113, 115, 117 and 118 is currently under consideration.

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