Country construction crane. Drawing, description

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Country construction crane. Tips for the home master

Builder, home master

Anyone who has built a residential building, cottage or garden house himself knows how difficult and difficult it is to mount the foundation, walls, ceilings and other structural elements. To move the foundation blocks a few meters towards the construction site and lower them into the trench, the effort of many working hands is required - a skilled team. But you can get by with one transportable lifting device when performing these works.

Today we will talk about a lightweight construction crane designed for use in the repair of residential buildings in the countryside and in the construction of a house on a garden plot. With the help of such a cantilever crane, it is possible to carry cargo over a distance of up to 3 m, lift it to a height of up to 2 m and lower it to a depth of 2,5 m. The mechanism should be designed for the installation of structures weighing up to 300 kg.

The crane consists of a horizontal beam - an arrow (a crane trolley moves along it) and vertical support posts made of steel pipes, to which horizontal beams are attached. The crane is collapsible, which allows you to move it from place to place.

Rice. 1. Light construction crane (click to enlarge): 1 - block, 2 - crane boom, 3 - crane trolley, 4 - telescopic stand, 5 - coupled angles, 6 - boom base blocks, 7 - I-beam, 8 - struts, 9 - crane trolley movement winch, 10 - cargo frame, 11 - hoist winch, 12 - winch electric drive, 13 - rack corner, 14, 15 - M16 bolts, 16 - lifting hook assembly with block

A few words about the arrangement of racks. They are made of pipes Ø 140 mm. Their height can be increased up to 3 m using telescopic incoming pipes. To prevent the racks from sinking into the ground, corners are welded to the base. A horizontal beam is welded to the upper part of the supports - two corners 100x65x10 mm connected together. A horizontal guide is attached to it from below with four bolts - an I-beam No. 20, having dimensions of 200x100x5,2 mm, 3000 mm long, along which the crane trolley moves.

The second pair of supports for the guide consists of two vertical pipes connected at the top and bottom. For greater stability, two inclined supports are welded to them, connecting, in turn, the racks with a rectangular frame. The latter prevents the crane from tipping over, as it serves as the basis for laying sandbags or concrete blocks.

An important feature of a cantilever crane is its control. Those who will build and operate it need to know: the crane has a lifting and movable device. If necessary, any part can be lowered below the zero mark (into a pit or trench). The entire system of cables and blocks of the lifting device is driven by an electric motor. The trolley is moved by a manual winch using a cable. One end of it is fixed on the trolley, then through the block the cable goes to the drum, makes five turns and, again passed through the blocks at the base and at the end of the boom, is fixed on the crane trolley.

Rice. 2. Scheme of the mechanism for lifting and moving the load (click to enlarge): 1 - boom end block, 2 - cable fastening pins on the crane trolley, 3 - boom base blocks of the crane trolley movement mechanism, 4 - cable moving the crane trolley, 5 - drum , 6 - hoist winch, 7 - hoist boom base block, 8 - crane trolley blocks, 9 - hook block, 10 - hoist cable fixing unit

The hook is lifted by a cable, fixed at one end to the winch and passing successively blocks from the warp, boom and crane trolley; then the cable goes down, forms a loop, on which a block with a hook is suspended, and is fixed at the end of the boom through the block of the crane trolley.

For the lifting device, the drive can also be carried out by a conventional manual winch, which will provide the crane with complete autonomy.

Before starting work, you should carefully check the strength of the nodes and supports. Standing under the boom is not allowed - this is the basic safety rule at any construction site.

Author: V. Strashnov

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