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What started the Second World War? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What started the Second World War? The unwillingness of the leading Western European countries to conduct constructive negotiations with the USSR on joint actions against a possible aggressor led to the strengthening of Germany. On September 1, 1939, after staging a provocation on the German-Polish border, the Germans attacked Poland, which had mutual assistance treaties with England and France. Contrary to Hitler's expectations, Poland's allies Great Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3. The dominions and colonial possessions of England and France entered the war. The Second World War has begun. The Polish troops fought courageously, but they could not resist the aggressor's army. Two weeks after the start of the war, the Polish army was defeated. In place of Poland, a general government was created, controlled by the German command. As for Western Belarus and Western Ukraine, which were then part of Poland, after its surrender, Soviet troops entered this territory, which was included in the USSR. For the time being, calm reigned on the Western Front. The Anglo-French troops stationed there did not take any action against Germany, although they had a large numerical superiority, since the main forces of the German army were in Poland. The military confrontation on the Western Front, which lasted until the spring of 1940, was called the "strange war." The governments of England and France during this war followed a defensive strategy. At the end of November, the war began in northern Europe. The Soviet government, having lost hope for a negotiated settlement of the border conflict with Finland, decided to achieve its goal by force. On November 30, 1939, Soviet troops began military operations against Finland. This war was unsuccessful for the USSR. This action damaged the prestige of the USSR: it was expelled from the League of Nations. In the West, they tried to use this event to form a united anti-Soviet front. At the cost of heavy losses, the USSR managed in March 1940 to end this war. The Finnish border was moved away from Leningrad, Murmansk and the Murmansk railway. In April 1940, the "strange war" ended unexpectedly. On April 9, the Germans occupied Denmark and landed in Norway. On May 10, the Germans, bypassing the Maginot Line, invaded Belgium and Holland, and from there into Northern France. In the Dunkirk area, the Anglo-French grouping of troops was surrounded by the enemy. The Germans quickly began to advance towards Paris. On June 10, 1940, the government fled Paris. A few days later, the government was headed by Marshal F. Pétain, who turned to Germany with a request for peace. The war was gaining momentum, more and more new countries and territories were included in its orbit. In 1940 Italy showed aggression against British Somalia, Egypt, Greece. September 27, 1940 Germany, Italy and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact dividing the world into spheres of influence. Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria were involved in the orbit of this pact. There was also a war in the Far East, where the conflict zone in China was steadily expanding. In the spring of 1941, Yugoslavia found itself at the center of the conflict. Under German pressure, the Yugoslav government signed a protocol to join the Triple Alliance. This caused an explosion of indignation in the country. The government has fallen. On April 6, German troops invaded Yugoslavia. She was under the control of the enemy. On June 22, 1941, German troops crossed the Soviet border without declaring war. The Great Patriotic War began. Hitler planned to end the war in this direction in 8-10 weeks. At first, the Soviet troops suffered heavy losses. The Germans quickly moved inland. Fierce fighting went on all along the Eastern Front. The Germans were preparing to strike the main blow in the Moscow direction. In December 1941, German troops approached Moscow. But they failed to take it by storm. On December 5, Soviet troops launched a counteroffensive. The calculations of the Nazi command for a lightning defeat of the USSR failed. The common danger hanging over the USSR, the USA and England stimulated their unification within the framework of the anti-Hitler coalition. Author: Irina Tkachenko
What does history study? The process of development of human society, its past. The purpose of studying history is to know the past, on this basis to identify the patterns of development of human society and determine the prospects for its future development.
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