Why was the Voice of America not allowed to broadcast in the United States until 2013? Detailed answer

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Why was the Voice of America not allowed to broadcast in the United States until 2013? Detailed answer

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Why was the Voice of America not allowed to broadcast in the United States until 2013?

In 1942, in opposition to Nazi propaganda, the Voice of America radio station was created, broadcasting in 40 languages by the end of the war, and then becoming a powerful weapon for American propaganda in the Cold War. Fearing that ordinary Americans could be targeted by deliberately distorted news, Congress passed the Smith-Mundt Act in 1948, which prohibited the State Department, through the Voice of America, Radio Liberty, and any other media, from broadcasting directly to US residents. Although willing Americans could still listen to transmissions through a shortwave receiver, and more recently via the Internet. This law was repealed only in 2013.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is a sense of balance?

If you've read about human spaceflight, you've probably noticed that one of the problems scientists have to deal with is the loss of balance more and more as the ship moves away from the Earth's gravity. A sense of balance is the body's ability to adapt to different conditions, depending on its position relative to the Earth, which attracts everything that is nearby from it. Without a sense of balance, birds could not fly, people could not walk, and no living creature could navigate in space.

A person has two organs of balance, and they are located in his head next to each ear. Each of these parts is like a sac and is filled with a fluid called lymph. Inside, these sacs are lined with sensory cells with hairs. When the head is in a vertical position, the pressure on the hairs is the same from all sides, and when tilted to one side or another, it changes. At the same time, sensitive cells are irritated and send impulses along the nerve fibers to the brain. And the brain forces certain muscles to work, which bring the body from an inclined position to a correct, vertical one.

Our balance organs also help us to become aware of the direction of our movement. Imagine that we went for a ride in a car. When the car moves forward, our body involuntarily leans back against the back of the seat. Fluid, or lymph, in the "semicircular canals" of the organs of balance deflects sensitive hairs back. As a result, certain nerves with which they are connected send the appropriate signal to the brain - and we begin to feel that we are moving forward.

So, our body deviates back, and at the same time the lymph moves with it. After some time, sensitive hairs take a vertical position, and we cease to feel the movement of our body forward. Now imagine that the driver has applied the brakes. Our body by inertia still continues to move forward, and the lymph also moves in the organs of balance, tilting the hairs forward now. The corresponding impulse is sent to the brain - and we begin to feel that we are stopping.

In each organ of balance there are three semicircular canals, each of which corresponds to three directions of movement in space. The sensory hairs in these channels help us know if we are moving up or down, forward or backward, right or left.

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