Why did the French themselves sink their entire fleet in 1942? Detailed answer

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Why did the French themselves sink their entire fleet in 1942? Detailed answer

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Why did the French themselves sink their entire fleet in 1942?

In the history of wars, there have been situations more than once when one of the belligerents drowned their own fleet. In 1919, the German Rear Admiral von Reuter, who was in charge of the German ships in the English port and awaiting a decision on their transfer to the victorious Entente countries, performed an operation to suddenly flood them: 52 ships, including 10 battleships, went to the bottom, the British managed to bring another 22 ships aground. And in 1942, when the Germans were already finishing the occupation of all of France, the Vichy government gave the order to flood the French fleet in Toulon - in total, the Germans did not get 77 ships.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How does a Geiger counter work?

You have probably heard that the Geiger counter helps modern man in the exploration of rare metals. Or you may have heard the Geiger counter mentioned when people talk about the dangers posed by atomic explosions. In both cases, a phenomenon called radiation, or radiation, occurs. Certain radioactive elements emit rays that are easily detected and measured with a Geiger counter. This counter was invented by Hans Geiger, and then improved by a scientist named Müller.

The counter is a vacuum tube. It is arranged quite simply: inside a very thin glass test tube there are two plates and a small amount of gas, such as argon. Tubes filled with gas are familiar to you - these are luminous neon advertising tubes. In a neon tube or fluorescent lamp, the gas begins to glow if the contacts are connected to a source of electrical energy of sufficiently high voltage. The high voltage deposits the gas and allows a huge stream of electrons to move between the two plates. When this movement of the flow of electrons begins, the gas inside the tube begins to glow.

In a Geiger counter, on the other hand, the voltage must be very low so that the gas does not begin to glow under normal conditions. Now let's imagine what happens if a radioactive substance is nearby. Its radiation penetrates the tube and begins to interact with gas molecules. From this they get energy and make the gas glow. So, now an electric current passes through the tube. If you pass it through the counter, you can find out the amount of radiation that got into the tube.

And you can also make this current tick, which we usually associate with a Geiger counter. Since the Geiger counter is a radiation-capturing device, it certainly cannot capture anything that does not produce radiation. Therefore, the possibilities of using it to search for rare metals are very limited.

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Arduino 101 board 24.10.2015

Intel has partnered with the makers of Arduino to announce the forthcoming release of Arduino 101 (in the US) and Genuino 101 (in other countries), a development and learning platform aimed at entry-level tech enthusiasts and educational environments.

The new product will be called Arduino 101 in the US, and Genuino 101 in the rest of the world. Genuino 101 is the first widely available low-power development board without a miniaturized Intel Curie module.

The Intel Curie module is based on the Intel Quark SE single-chip system, designed specifically for wearable devices.

Genuino 101 is not only easy to use and well suited for learning the basics of digital design, but can also be used to prototype technological products with advanced networking and computing functions - thanks to the Intel Curie module, the corporation indicated. Offered at a price comparable to entry-level microcontroller boards currently available on the market, it includes an accelerometer, gyroscope and Bluetooth Smart technology to create intelligent devices with advanced networking capabilities.

The new board complements the Arduino open source electronics platform, which brings together free hardware design samples, a broad ecosystem of third-party expansion components, and a programming environment that makes it easy to create interactive designs for users of all technical backgrounds.

"Supporting aspiring entrepreneurs and students has always been of great importance to Intel, and through our partnership with Arduino, we are bringing the power of Intel technology to a new generation of tech enthusiasts," said Josh Walden, senior vice president and head of Intel's New Technology Group. "With the advanced functionality of the Intel Curie module implemented in Genuino 101, students and developers will be able to create truly unique "smart" solutions with advanced networking capabilities."

The Intel Curie-based board will also be used as a development tool by members of America's Greatest Makers, a new show that will air on Turner Broadcasting and other digital platforms in 2016.

The board will go on sale in the first quarter of 2016 for a suggested retail price of $30.

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