What genetic trait can significantly reduce a person's sleep time? Detailed answer

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What genetic trait can significantly reduce a person's sleep time? Detailed answer

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What genetic trait can significantly reduce a person's sleep time?

The sleep of an average person is 7-8 hours a day, however, if there is a mutation in the hDEC2 gene that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, the need for sleep can be reduced to 4 hours. Carriers of this mutation often achieve more in life and career through extra time. Some famous people, such as former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher or actor James Franco, have claimed to have a short sleep, although it is not known whether this is due to this mutation or self-compulsion.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is oxygen?

Often we have to read about something without which "man cannot live." But what a person really cannot live without is without oxygen. Without oxygen, a person can survive only a few minutes.

Oxygen is the most abundant chemical element in the universe. Almost half of the earth's crust is oxygen, and in the air it is more than one-fifth of the total volume. Once in the lungs, it reaches all the cells of the body with the help of red blood cells. In the body, it burns food, producing the heat necessary for human activities.

Oxygen combines very well with other elements. This reaction is called "oxidation". With rapid oxidation, combustion occurs. Almost any oxidation releases heat. When burning, heat is released very quickly, the temperature rises sharply, and a flame appears.

So, on the one hand, we are dealing with combustion - rapid oxidation, as a result of which fire appears, and on the other hand, with oxidation, which processes food in the human body and supports the life support process. We see slow oxidation everywhere. Metal rusts, paint dries, alcohol turns into vinegar - all this is oxidation.

The air we breathe is a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. Therefore, pure oxygen can be obtained from the air. Air is cooled to very low temperatures, at which it becomes liquid. This temperature is below minus 180 °C. When the temperature of the liquid air begins to rise slightly, the air begins to boil. First, nitrogen evaporates, and oxygen remains. Many lives were saved for patients with weak lungs when they were given pure oxygen to breathe.

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Luminous target of the surgeon 03.06.2006

The parathyroid gland consists of two pairs of small, a few millimeters, outgrowths on the back of the thyroid gland.

This gland produces a hormone that regulates calcium metabolism in the body. Sometimes there is a benign increase in the parathyroid gland, the hormone is released too much, which threatens with diseases of the bones and kidneys. In such cases, surgeons remove part of the gland. The operation is painstaking and time-consuming due to the small size of the removed organ.

Physicians at the University Hospital in Mannheim (Germany) have found a substance that selectively accumulates in the parathyroid tissue and glows red when illuminated by the blue rays of the spectrum. This natural compound, protoporphyrin, is an integral part of the hemoglobin molecule and does not harm the body in any way.

A few hours before surgery, the patient swallows a protoporphyrin capsule. Glowing red fabric is easy to find and remove. The duration of the operation is reduced by almost half.

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