How are chess, rice and ruin related? Detailed answer

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How are chess, rice and ruin related? Detailed answer

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How are chess, rice and ruin related?

There are many parables about how one person offers another to pay him for some service as follows: he will put one grain of rice on the first cell of the chessboard, two on the second, and so on: each next cell is twice as much as the previous one. As a result, he who pays in this way is bound to be ruined. This is not surprising: it is estimated that the total weight of rice will be more than 460 billion tons.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is a virus?

Viruses are tiny particles that cause various diseases in humans, animals and plants. The word "particles" may seem strange, but let's see why we use it. Viruses are so small that they can seep through even the finest filters. Their tiny size does not allow them to be seen with a conventional microscope, so when studying viruses, scientists are forced to use photographs taken with an electron microscope.

Unlike bacteria, they cannot be bred in sugar syrup: they grow and multiply only in the presence of living matter. Being parasites, they are entirely dependent on the organism in which they are located. Due to the fact that they are so small and it is extremely difficult to artificially create conditions for their growth, many researchers are inclined to think that viruses are not living organisms at all, but some kind of middle link between living and inanimate matter.

Viruses are sources of disease, many of which are known to all. By affecting different organs of the body, each group of viruses causes different types of diseases.

Many skin diseases, such as chickenpox, smallpox, measles, are the result of the activity of one group of viruses. Another is the cause of diseases of the central nervous system: rabies, inflammation of the brain, infantile paralysis. The third affects the internal organs and causes yellow fever, influenza, the common cold, viral inflammation of the liver, and many others.

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Interaction between quantum magnets programmed 06.12.2021

A team of German physicists from the Center for Quantum Dynamics at Heidelberg University have changed the interaction between microscopic quantum magnets - spins. In the study, for the first time, magnets retained their original orientation for an extended period in isolated quantum systems.

The scientists used a gas of atoms that had been cooled to a temperature close to absolute zero. Using a laser, the atoms were heated and separated electrons at macroscopic distances from the atomic nucleus. These "atomic giants", known as Rydberg atoms, interact with each other at distances of almost a millimeter.

The research was to control the dynamics of quantum magnets using methods from the field of nuclear magnetic resonance. In their experiments, the researchers used specially designed periodic microwave pulses to change the spins of atoms in order to control the interaction between them.

Microwave pulses respond to Rydberg atoms in billionths of a second. At the same time, atoms are hypersensitive to any external influences, no matter how microscopic they may be. In their experiments, scientists managed to preserve the macroscopic magnetization.

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These studies are important for a better understanding of the underlying processes in complex quantum systems.

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