Where was the custom of self-immolation of women spread? Detailed answer

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Where was the custom of self-immolation of women spread? Detailed answer

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Where was the custom of self-immolation of women spread?

The custom of sati has long been widespread in India - the self-immolation of a widow on the funeral pyre of her deceased husband. Although this ritual was considered voluntary for a woman, there are drawings in which the widow is tied up in a fire or surrounded by observers with long poles that do not allow her to get out. However, sati cannot be called a mass phenomenon: according to the documentary data of the British East India Company of the early 19th century, self-immolation involved less than 1% of widows.

Although both participation and observation of the ritual is strictly prohibited in India these days, there are occasional reports of new cases of sati.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who Invented the Refrigerator?

Freezing is the process of creating cold and keeping things cold. This is achieved by completely extracting heat from objects, so freezing is the process of removing heat. In ancient times, of course, snow and ice were used for this purpose. It was the natural way. This is how the wines cooled.

But even in ancient times, another way of creating cold was known. It was the process of dissolving certain salts in water. Materials such as saltpeter salts and ammonium nitrate cool the water in which they dissolve. Thus, the temperature of the water drops. Salt lowers the freezing point of water. When salt is poured onto ice, it turns into water. For this change to occur, energy costs, and hence heat, are needed.

Thus, the primary methods of cooling were natural, such as ice and water and salts dissolved in water. But there is another way of freezing, it is called evaporation, the transformation of a liquid into vapor. When a small amount of water or alcohol gets on the hand, a cooling sensation is felt: the liquid evaporates, taking away part of the heat. This principle of evaporation is used in modern refrigerators.

In 1823, Michael Faraday discovered how ammonia vapor is turned into a liquid by increasing pressure and compressing it, and then extracting heat. When the pressure increases and the liquid evaporates again, this requires heat, and cold is generated.

How did this discovery make the invention of the refrigerator possible? Everything is very simple. There was a way when first the vapor turns into a liquid - giving off heat. Then we can turn it into steam again - taking away the heat. By controlling this process, making it continuous, we get modern refrigerators.

The first refrigerators based on this principle were built by the Swiss inventor Carl Lind in 1874 to cool beer. In 1877, Lind used ammonia as a liquid in his invention, hence the history of the refrigerator.

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Smoke prevents the rain 18.05.2000

After studying data from a special satellite that measures the amount of clouds and precipitation in the Earth's tropical zone, Israeli geophysicist Daniel Rosenfeld came to the conclusion that smoke interferes with the formation of rain.

After severe forest fires in Indonesia in the spring of 1998, rainfall decreased in the area. The fact is that the rain begins when small droplets in the cloud merge into larger ones, which can no longer stay in the air and begin to fall. To do this, the droplets must be larger than 25-28 microns in diameter. However, smoke is made up of tiny soot particles, providing a convenient place for moisture to condense.

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