How did the sandwich come about? Detailed answer

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How did the sandwich come about? Detailed answer

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How did the sandwich come about?

The author of this product is John Montagu, the fourth Duke of Sandwich, an Englishman who lived in the XNUMXth century and is known as a passionate gambler. Since he did not want to soil the cards with his hands during meals, he came up with the idea of \uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbputting pieces of cold roast beef between flat slices of toasted bread.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How do guppies breed?

If you have an aquarium at home, then you probably want to have fish that are easy to feed, that they survive well in an aquarium, that they are beautiful and that they are interesting to watch. One fish that fulfills all of these requirements is the guppy, sometimes referred to as the "rainbow fish". Guppies are distinguished by the fact that they produce offspring in a very peculiar way. You can observe almost the entire process in your aquarium. Instead of spawning like other fish, they carry it in their bodies.

Having fully developed, the eggs come out through a special hole in the body in the form of small, but perfectly repeating the shape of an adult fish, fry. They can already swim, feed and avoid large fish that would be happy to feast on them. By the way, the mother herself is quite capable of swallowing several of her cubs, especially when she is very hungry.

But there is an easy way to save fry. The first instinct of newborns is to swim towards the light. If the lighted part of the aquarium is densely planted with algae, not so many cubs will be eaten. When small fish have the opportunity to hide, they will always outwit the adult fish.

Guppies came to us from the northern part of South America, namely from Venezuela and the countries adjacent to it. Their varieties were once collected by a man from Trinidad named Lahmer Guppy and sent to the British Museum for identification. This fish has received many scientific names from different scientists, but now only one is used, namely: Lebistes Reticolatus. Among her other names was Girardinus Guppi, shortened to "guppy", and it became widely known throughout the world. Male guppies are much brighter than females, and each male is at least somewhat different. No matter how hard you try, you will not be able to find at least two exactly the same.

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Brewing coffee with a laser 27.09.2022

German scientists came up with a laser for making coffee. The device not only prepares a drink 300 times faster, but also reveals its taste and aroma properties better.

One of the popular ways of brewing coffee - cold-brew - involves cold extraction of the drink. Ground coffee beans are poured with water and left to infuse. It takes about 24 hours to brew a cold drink, but modern equipment reduces the time to 12 hours. There is a way to speed up the process.

The method is based on laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC). It is usually used to create solutions of suspended nanoparticles. The researchers took a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser tuned to 532 nanometers and created 125 picojoule pulses that lasted just 10 picoseconds. After that, the laser passed through the coffee solution. They passed it through a solution of ground coffee mixed with water about 80 times per second for three minutes, never raising the temperature by more than a few degrees.

Laser coffee was compared to a cold-brew drink that was brewed for 24 hours and a hot cup of coffee brewed using a drip filter. The acidity in the laser coffee was almost identical to the level of the drink brewed for 24 hours, and significantly less than in hot coffee. The most fragrant coffee - traditional cold brew, and prepared with a laser - in second place.

In addition, no foreign substances were found in laser coffee.

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