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What weaknesses and shortcomings did famous people of the past have? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What weaknesses and shortcomings did famous people of the past have? The great outside the area of their greatness turned out to be the most ordinary people with their prejudices, weaknesses, superstitions, far from angelic traits of character. Often they had complex relationships not only with parents, children, friends, money, women, but also with God himself. They were characterized by big and small mistakes and disappointments. They were not spared by any addiction to alcohol, drugs, gambling, or faith in omens, astrology and oracles. Nothing human was alien to them. Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850), the great French novelist, received quite decent fees for his novels. But as soon as he tried to invest the money he earned in any enterprise, project or competition, he invariably burned out. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), the great German composer and pianist, died of cirrhosis of the liver caused by excessive alcohol consumption. Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (1809-1852), the great Russian writer, author of The Inspector General and Dead Souls, suffered madly from guilt all his life, and also, especially in recent years, from the fear of being buried alive in a dream. These fears turned out to be justified: when, many years later, the grave of the writer was opened, it was found that his skeleton lay on its side. He was indeed buried in a state of lethargic sleep. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), founder of modern psychology, suffered from railway phobia all his life. Before each trip, he was so afraid of missing the train that he came to the station an hour before its departure. The father of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), considered coca leaves, from which cocaine is obtained, "a divine plant that satiates the hungry, gives strength to the weak, makes it possible to forget about misfortunes," and recommended it to all his relatives and friends. Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), the most famous and most prolific French artist of Spanish origin, was superstitious and did not like to cut his long hair. The same fear aroused in him the need to buy a new suit to replace the old, shabby, out of every conceivable fashion, but familiar. Albert Einstein (1879-1955), the great scientist, the creator of the famous revolutionary theory of relativity, so new and unusual for contemporaries that it seemed to them excessively complex and completely incomprehensible, did not wear socks, and their absence was masked by high boots. Albert Einstein (1879-1955) did not accept new fashion trends in clothing. The creator of the complex and obscure theory of relativity did not recognize any ceremonies and difficulties in everyday life, he loved all the simplest things, believing that in this way he makes life easier for himself. When his wife considered that for solemn occasions he needed to have a tailcoat, he replied: "A tailcoat? Why? I don't have one, and this doesn't bother me at all." Isaac Newton (1634-1727), the great English physicist, had a tough character, did not tolerate talented people next to him, whom he saw as rivals. So it was with R. Hooke, and with G.-V. Leibniz. The father of the great physicist Isaac Newton died before he was born. And the mother soon remarried. The young man was forced to live with his grandmother, because he had a very strong dislike for his stepfather, even hatred. In his diary, he wrote that he wanted to burn down the house where his mother and stepfather lived. Traces of this were preserved in the adult Newton: after 45 years he suffered from persecution mania. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) - a universal genius, was so afraid that the ideas, discoveries, foresights described in his manuscripts could be used for evil, that he wrote them down so that they could only be read in a mirror image. Until now, not all 6000 sheets of his manuscripts have been read and deciphered. Was not free from petty fears and the universal genius of the Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci. He was an artist, architect, builder, engineer, inventor and futurist. He put forward brilliant ideas, although some of them were too "romantic" to be put into practice. What is his proposal to clean up Milan after the plague of 1484-1485, which mowed down 1/3 of the inhabitants: to evict all the inhabitants from the city and build 10 suburbs around it, in which there would be 5000 houses and flowing water. Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) - the great German philosopher, was incredibly afraid of thieves and burglars. Therefore, he hid all valuables in his apartment so that after his death they could not be found for a long time. Cyrus the Great Persian (? - 530 BC), the conqueror of Media, Lydia, part of Central Asia, Babylon, once sentenced the river to death, because his beloved horse drowned in this river. The French "Sun King" Louis XIV (1638-1715) bathed twice in his life. When Charles Darwin (1809-1882), the great English naturalist, thought about getting married, he took a sheet of paper, wrote "Answers to Questions" on top of it, and divided it into two columns: "marry" and "not marry." The first one read: children, home comfort and warmth, the second - a meaningless pastime, not reading anything in the evenings, spending money, etc. At the bottom was the conclusion: "Do not be afraid, old man. There are many happy slaves." After his world famous trip around the world, Charles Darwin (1809-1882) began to experience an irresistible disgust for all travel in general. Prince Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), the "iron chancellor" and unifier of Germany, had an equally eminent enemy, the outstanding microbiologist Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902). Completely irritated by his attacks, Bismarck challenged Virchow to a duel. The opponent agreed and proposed an original way of the duel: both will be asked to choose and eat any of the two sausages, one of which is poisoned. The chancellor refused to duel. Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier (1811-1877), a French astronomer who, independently of the Englishman J.C. Adams (1819-1892), discovered the planet Neptune "on the tip of a pen", was sure that he had discovered another planet in the same way, which he called Vulcan , whose orbit lies very close to the Sun, inside the orbit of Mercury. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy (1828-1910), the world-famous Russian writer who had a tremendous impact on the entire world culture, at the age of 82, in the 48th year of his married life with Sofia Andreevna, left home, asking her in a letter not to remember him and Don't blame him for leaving. 9 days later he was gone... It is difficult to be the wife of a genius: an example is the wife of Leo Tolstoy. The writer was 34 years old when he married 18-year-old Sofya Andreevna Bers. Considering that no secrets should remain between husband and wife, he showed her his diaries, and there were notes about his relationships with other women. She was his faithful assistant, she loved him, but he wanted something else. And at the age of 82 he left ... Giovanni Giacomo Casanova (1725-1798), Italian writer, adventurer, hero of numerous love adventures, whose name became a household name, had 11 dozen mistresses, but was inferior in this indicator to Brigitte Bardot, Sarah Bernhardt and Napoleon. Henry Ford (1863-1947), one of the founders of the US automobile industry, pledged to keep the last breath of Thomas Alva Edison in a sealed bottle. Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), the great German poet, author of Faust, was also a naturalist. Summing up his life, he considered his most important achievement "the true theory of light, refuting the teachings of Newton himself." Now it is known only to historians of science. The great Goethe had an incredible appetite: he ate a huge amount of roast goose (this is after the trout eaten at 10 o'clock in the morning for breakfast). One of his contemporaries wrote about him: "He walks slowly, his stomach sways up and down, like a pregnant woman's; he has thick cheeks, a crescent-shaped mouth, and an expression of complete contentment on his face." He himself put it even more precisely: "Only when I ate and drank enough, I feel like a newborn: strong, hardy, dexterous ..." Karp Marx (1818-1883), the founder of scientific communism, the great scientist-economist, never knew how to count his money or manage it. The sums that the father sent to the young student Marx evaporated in an unknown way. Already being quite an adult, he wrote in one of his letters: "All theories are sulfur and boring, only business is turning green." Grigory Savich Skovoroda (1722-1794), an outstanding Ukrainian philosopher and poet, did not want to exchange the life of a wandering sage for a quiet life in a monastery, where he was repeatedly invited. He was told that he would become the “stovp i color” of the monastery, and he answered: “To finish you, having become uncouth!” Napoleon I Bonaparte (1764-1821), emperor of France and great commander, was terribly afraid of cats. Winston Churchiple (1874-1965), the most prominent English statesman, built a brick wall in his garden every day as a rest. In his absence, the servants dismantled the wall, and by tomorrow they again prepared fresh mortar and bricks for him. Peter I the Great (1672-1725), the Russian emperor, who "cut through a window to Europe", a man of unbending will and choleric temperament, liked to sleep in cramped chambers with low ceilings. Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925), a brilliant English lone physicist, far ahead of his time, lived in a remote English outback. Being an elected full member of the Royal Society of London (the English analogue of the Academy of Sciences), he did not consider it necessary at least once to attend its meetings. He got into the car for the first time only at the end of his life, because otherwise it was impossible to get to the hospital. Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev (1887-1919), a hero of the Civil War, set up a "mutual aid fund" in his division, into which Red Army soldiers "threw". The money went to help the families of the fallen soldiers. Rudyard George Kipling (1865-1936), the world famous English poet, writer, traveler and storyteller, was one of the first to buy a car but never learned to drive. Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (1711-1765), a universal Russian genius, scientist, poet and educator, was a man of direct and unbridled rights. He could show the fig to an overly arrogant colleague at the Academy of Sciences, allow himself to be "presumptuous out of order", but there is no area of science, culture and art in Russia that would escape his powerful and beneficial influence, be it history, literature, physics or mining. a business. When M. V. Lomonosov died, the educator of the future Emperor Paul I (1754-1801) informed his pupil, the heir to the throne, about this. The 10-year-old crown prince replied: "What a pity about a fool. He only ruined the treasury and did nothing." Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839-1881), an outstanding Russian composer, admitted: "The first time I got drunk was at the age of 13, when I was a cadet." At the end of the cadet corps, the young officer became a drunkard. True, this did not prevent him from becoming world famous. Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931), the most prominent and one of the most prolific inventors (more than 1000 patents), tried to solve two more problems: he, together with Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), irradiated thin silver plates in an attempt to obtain gold, and worked on apparatus for communicating with the souls of the dead. Among talented people there are also very stubborn and purposeful. As a child, a school teacher called 8-year-old Thomas Alva Edison an "empty head". Edison changed schools, later became a great inventor. He said: "Genius is 99% diligence and 1% intuition." Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907), the creator of the periodic table of elements, had a strange hobby for a scientist: he made suitcases. One of his contemporaries recalled how in Tsarskoye Selo, when asked by a clerk in a hardware store: "Who has just left the shop?" - received the answer: "Why, sir, this is the suitcase master, Mr. Mendeleev!" Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorn Clemens, 1835-1910), America's most prominent humorist, never made a secret of his dislike of braggarts. Once he interrupted the long story of such a hunter, telling a "genuine" case: "One night the church caught fire. Old Hankinson was on the fourth floor, and no one could help him. Only I did not lose my head. I threw him a rope and shouted: " Tie it around your waist!" He did, and I pulled him out of the fourth floor window!" The famous Mark Twain liked to make fun of millionaires. He wrote letters to the owner of 70 million Vanderbild: "Poor Vanderbild! I know how hard it is for you. You have only 70 million, and you want them to be 500. I am sending you 10 cents to help a little in the realization of your dream" . Mao Zedong (1893-1976), the "great helmsman", never brushed his teeth. He said, "Tigers don't brush their teeth, and I won't!" Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), the famous English writer, "the genius of paradox", admitted in one of his letters: "I cannot live without an atmosphere of love, no matter what price I have to pay for it." The price is known: because of his homosexual inclinations, he ended up in prison. Jack London (John Griffith, 1876-1916), the world-famous American writer, noted in one of his autobiographical books: "I have everything: money, fame, what even a hundred out of a million cannot afford, but King Alcohol rules me ". Almost all great (or who consider themselves great) people wrote and published memoirs in their old age. Eisenhower earned $635 from his memoirs, Churchill $700, Truman $1300, but most of all, General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964) $5. The ancestor of detective literature in America and Europe, the super-talented American poet and writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849), saw. He drank and sank lower and lower. He died in a hospital for the insane. The great Danish storyteller Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875) was constantly afraid of illness and the deterioration of his own health. In his diary, he constantly lists the painful signs of his condition: he is tired, he has a hundred fevers, he is dizzy, etc. Everyone should have felt sorry for him. "Only when everyone admires me, I feel healthy; my soul blossoms, but any insignificant trifle can deprive me of strength." The dynamite king and founder of the most prestigious scientific prize, Alfred Nobel (1833-1896), was unmarried. He was in love with a poor girl who sold flowers in Vienna and took her with him to his luxurious Parisian home. It is said that he wanted to educate her, but she was lazy and only interested in Nobel's money. Then she ran away with a young Hungarian officer, from whom she gave birth to a child. Together with him, she tried to blackmail Nobel, and after his death, she tried to have his will changed in her favor. The famous surrealist artist Salvador Dali (1904-1989) believed that in the whole world there is only one genius - the "divine" Dali, and all the rest are just his entourage. He wrote a thick book called The Diary of a Genius, where he argued that the daily life of him, a genius - the way he sleeps, blows his nose, admires, cleans his nails - is fundamentally different from the everyday life of the rest of mankind. Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was egocentric in the extreme. He did not have children, because he believed that they were unpredictable and could only break. "I don't like children or animals. They just move around me and fill me with fear." The great philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) believed that bedbugs enter his room through an open window with the rays of the sun, and die in complete darkness. Therefore, he ordered all the windows in his bedroom to be tightly closed. Author: Mendeleev V.A.
Where is the largest Christian church located? In Rome. This is St. Peter's Cathedral, built in 1492-1612. The cathedral is 186 meters long and 119 meters high. For its construction, the Popes collected donations from believers all over Europe, promising that those who give money for the construction of the temple after death will burn in hellfire less time.
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