Why was the first steam engine built? Detailed answer

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Why was the first steam engine built? Detailed answer

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Why was the first steam engine built?

Not for a steam locomotive or any other transport. Attempts to create it were made many times. In particular, in 1698 the design was proposed by the Englishman Savery. One cylinder of this machine was cooled with water. In its cavities, steam pressure and vacuum from cooling alternately arose. The machine regularly pumped out water from the coal mine.

Almost a century later, James Watt built a machine in which steam was fed into a cylinder and exited without human intervention.

The most economical car traveled 2300 km using 4,5 liters of gasoline. Japanese Masaki Oke set this record on an ultralight, ultra-small, super-streamlined car.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How were the elements formed?

The big bang created only two chemical elements, hydrogen and helium (and small amounts of deuterium and lithium). All other elements that fill the periodic table appeared only after the emergence of stars. In their depths, during thermonuclear fusion reactions, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and heavier elements were gradually formed.

The evolution of large stars ends with their explosions, after which the elements accumulated in such stars disperse into space, pollute the clouds of interstellar gas, and in due course serve as the raw material for the emergence of new stars.

In the world in which we live, there is a constant processing of primordial matter - the Universe is enriched with heavy elements, and the lightest ones are becoming less and less. Our Earth and all living beings on it, including people, consist of chemical elements formed in the stellar depths.

Therefore, we are all, in a certain sense, children of the stars.

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Artificial mother of pearl 08.08.2012

For the first time, scientists from the University of Cambridge have succeeded in replicating a natural process and synthesizing mother-of-pearl: the durable iridescent coating found on the inside of some mollusk shells and covering precious pearls.

By repeating biological processes, scientists for the first time were able to create artificial mother-of-pearl, which has a similar structure, mechanical and optical properties of natural material.

In order to create artificial mother-of-pearl, scientists used a three-step process. First, scientists prevented crystallization by precipitation from a solution of calcium carbonate, which is the main component of mother-of-pearl. This was achieved by using a mixture of ions and organic components in a solution that mimics the corresponding substance produced by the mollusk. As a result, it was possible to achieve uniform deposition of calcium carbonate on the surface. Further, the deposited layer of thickness was covered with a layer of organic matter with pores 10 nanometers in diameter. Finally, the crystallization process was carried out. Thus, with the help of alternating alternation of crystalline and organic layers, it was possible to create artificial mother-of-pearl.

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